SECOND EDITION
Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden
Paul Seligson
OXFORD
Christina Latham-Koenig Clive Oxenden
Paul Seligson
Paul Seligson and Clive Oxenden are the original co-authors of
English File 1 and English File 2
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
Contents
Grammar
4 A Where are you from? word order in questions
6 B Charlotte's choice simple present
8 C Mr. and Mrs. Clark and Percy present continuous
10 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 1 Hotel problems
12 A Right place, wrong person simple past: regular and irregular verbs
14 B The story behind the photo past continuous
16 C One dark October evening time sequencers and connectors
18 REVIEW AND CHECK 1&2
20 A Plans and dreams be going to (plans and predictions)
arrangements)
22 B Let's meet again present continuous (future
24 C What's the word? def ining relative clauses
26 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 2 Restaurant problems
28 A Parents and teenagers present perfect+ yet, just,
already
30 B Fashion and shopping present perfect or simple past? (1)
34
32 C Lost weekend something, anything, nothing, etc.
36 A No time for anything comparative adjectives and adverbs,
as...as
38 B Superlative cities superlatives(+ ever+ present perfect)
40 C How much is too much? quantifiers, too, not enough
42 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 3 The wrong shoes
44 A Are you a pessimist? will I won't (predictions)
Vocabulary
common verb phrases, spelling and numbers
describing people: appearance and personality
clothes, prepositions of place
vacations
prepositions of time and place: at, in, on
verb phrases
airports
verbs+ prepositions e.g. arrive in
expressions for paraphrasing:
like, for example, etc.
housework, make or do?
shopping
adjectives ending -ed and -ing
etc.
time expressions: spend time, describing a town or city health and the body
opposite verbs
Pronunciation
vowel sounds, the alphabet
final s/ -es
regular verbs: -ed endings sentence stress
word stress
sentence stress and fast speech
sounding friendly
pronunciation in a dictionary
/y/ and /d'3f
c and ch
Id, foul, and /A/
sentence stress
word and sentence stress
!Al, /u/, /a1/, and /c/
'II, won't
46 B I'll never forget you
pwriollmIiwseosn)'t (decisions, offers,
verb+ back
word stress:
two-syllable verbs
C
48 The meaning of dreaming review of verb forms: present, past,
and future
adjectives+ prepositions
the letters ow
50 REVIEW AND CHECK 5&6
2
Grammar Vocabulary Pronunciation
52 A Howto...
54 B Being happy
56 C Learn a language in a month!
uses of the infinitive
uses of the gerund (verb+ -ing)
have don't have
to, to, must,
must not, can't
verbs+ infinitive: try to, forget weak form of to, linking
to, etc.
verbs+ gerund the letter i modifiers: a little (bit), really, etc. sentence stress
58 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 4 At the pharmacy
60 A I don't know what to do! should
(first conditional)
62 B If something can go wrong,... if+ present, will+ base form
64 C You must be mine possessive pronouns
66 REVIEW AND CHECK 7&8
if+ would+
68 A What would you do? past, base form (second conditional)
70 B I've been afraid of it for years present perfect+ for and since
72 C Born to sing present perfect or simple past? (2)
74 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 5 Getting around
get
confusing verbs adverbs of manner
animals
phobias and words related to fear biographies
/u/ and /u/, sentence stress linking
sentence rhythm
word stress
sentence stress word stress, /-;)['/
76 A The mothers of invention
78 B Could do better
80 C Mr. Indecisive
82 REVIEW AND CHECK 9&10
84 A Bad losers
86 B Are you a morning person?
90 PRACTICAL ENGLISH Episode 6 Time to go home
88 C What a coincidence!
92 A Strange but true!
passive used to might
expressing movement word order of phrasal verbs so, neither+ auxiliaries
past perfect
verbs: invent, discover, etc. school subjects
word building: noun formation
sports, expressing movement phrasal verbs
similarities
verb phrases
/JI, -ed, sentence stress used to Ididn't use to diphthongs
sports linking
sentence stress, fol and /0/
contractions: hadI
94 B Gossip is good for you
File
96 C The American English
quiz
98 REVIEW AND CHECK 11&12
100 Communication
111 Writing
118 Listening
reported speech
questions without auxiliaries
126 Grammar Bank
150 Vocabulary Bank
say or tell?
review
hadn't
double consonants review
164 Irregular verbs
166 Sound Bank
3
P vowel sounds, the alphabet
GV cwoomrdmoorndevreirnbqpuhersatsieosn,sspelling and numbers
Wyohuatdodo?
coI'mlleigne.
VOCABULARY & SPEAKING common verb phrases
1 HOME AND FAMILY
Where _ you from?
Where you born?
Where do you ?
Do you in a house or an apartment?
Do you ___ any brothers and sisters?
Do you any pets?
2 JOB/ STUDIES
What do you ?
Where do you_ _?
Do you your job?
What school/ college do you_ _ to?
What year you in?
Can you any other languages? Which?
Where did you English before?
a Complete the questions with a verb.
Copy the rhythm.
b 1 2>)) Listen and repeat the Free Time questions.
j) SReemnteemncbeerstthreast swe usually stress the important words in a sentence
FREE TIME
What kind of music do you to?
Do you a musical instrument? Which?
What TV shows do you ?
Do you_ _ any sports? Which ones?
What kinds of books or magazines do you ?
How often do you to the movies?
What did you last weekend?
that you have in common?
c Iynoupafiirnsd, atkleaansdt oanneswtheirntghefrqoumesetaiocnhss.eCctainon
0e live in the city.
(lethses sotnreosngthlya,tec.ga.r,rWy himerpeoartraenytoiunfforormma?tWionh)aatnddosyaoyutdhoe?other words
GRAMMAR word order in questions
Reorder the words to make questions.
born where your parents were ?
where from teacher our is ?
name your how you do spell ?
did last you go night out ?
order in questions and practice it.
► p.126 Grammar Bank lA. Learn more about word
Suntatnildsoump aenbdodaysksadyisffyeerse.nTthsetundaesnktsthteheffolilroswt q-uupestion dquifefsetrieonnt.sCtuodnetnintsu.e with the other questions, asking
PRONUNCIATION
vowel sounds, the alphabet
"o�
and vowel sounds? Listen and check.
1 5 >)) Look at the sound pictures. What are the words
1 �� | 2 cp | l | 4 � | 5 � | 6 dlf | 7 4r- |
.1rfil.11
these sounds.
► p.166 Sound Bank. Look at the typical spellings of
Do you drink a lot of coffee.!l_ 0es, I do.
C Add these letters to the circles.
E G H J M 0 R w X y
How many cups of coffee do you drink!]_ <;_;ve cups a day.
Present
/drink a lot of coffee (or tea)? How many cups... ?
A
z
s
"o� B
K ��- N
V D
/go to bed early during the week? What time...? T Q
/spend a long time on Facebook every day? How long... ? p
Past
/have a big breakfast today? What...? �
�
/go somewhere nice on Saturday? Where ...? �
1 6 Listen and check. Practice
/see a good movie last week? What movie...? "' ?
SPELLING & NUMBERS
1 7>)) Listen and write six first names.
► Communication What's his name? How do you spell it? A p.100 B p.103.
How do you say these numbers?
13 30 76 100 150 375 600 1,500 2,000 10,500
8 >)) Listen and write the numbers.
l))
saying the letters in each circle.
Ask and answer with a partner.
Dphooynoeu, eumsuaaill,lyorgeFtaicnebtoouockh? with your friends by
Do you have an iPod or MP3 player? What kind?
Do you often watch DVDs? What kind?
•
Do you watch ESPN, CNN, or MTV?
Do you have any friends from the US or the UK?
e Interview your partner and complete the form.
Student information
first name last name address
phone number
1 Gate
3 Tel: _
5 $
2 miles 4 Population: _
AMiitii -
G simple present
V describing people: appearance and personality P final -s / -es
VOCABULARY describing people
check (✓) her picture.
a 1 9>)) Listen to a man describing his girlfriend and
I like good books.
He doesn't like sports.
b
1 2 3
Lasiksthenima?gaHino.wWdhoaets tLwuokequaensstwioenrsthdeoessecLounkde'qsuferisetniodn?
p What does she look like? What is she like?
(WIshsahtedtoaelsl /sshheolroto?kWlikhea?t=coTleolrl hmaeiradbooeustshheer haapvpee?a)r.ance
(WIshsahteisfrsiehnedlilkye??Is=sTheellsmhey?w).hat kind of person she is
c ► p.150 Vocabulary Bank Describing people.
READING
the article.
b
a W(orhfoatdhoery)oourtyhoinukr bkensotwfrsieynodu?bWettheyr?, your mother Read he introduction and the first paragraph of
l What is the idea of the experiment? 2 \Vho is Charlotte?
Who are Alice and Katie?
d
What doAlice and Katie have to do?Thenwhat happens? c Nthoewmreeaandinwghoaft tChheahrilgohttliegshateyds.wWoirtdhsaapnadrptnherrasgeuse.ss
Cover the text. Can you remember?
What does Charlotte like doing?
What's she like?
In our weekly experiment, single people who are looking for a partner ask their mother and their best friend to help.
Thai2s5w-yeeeakr's-osldinwglebpdeersignniesr.CHhearrlfoatttheeRraismirez, SAarngeFnrtainnicainscaon, danhdershmeodtohesrnis't Ahamveeriacpaanr. tSnheer lriivgehstin
npoerwfe. cHtefor rmhoetrhedra, uAglhictercahnodosheesr abemstanfrsiehnedt,hKinaktise,is cehaochosmesaann. oWthheicr.hTohneendCoheasrslhoetteprgeofer?on a date with
' ' lIikloevsetgaoyiinng taot thhoemmeowviitehs,abguotoIdofbtoeonkf,e"esl ays aClhoanrglowtteel.l w"Ii'tmh vmeorystfprieeonpdlely. IatnhdinskocIiahbalveeaangdoIogdestense o"fWhhuamtokri.n"d of men do I like? Well, I like interesting wmietnh wa hreoaclalynnmicaeksemmilee lwauhgoha. rPehtyaslilcearltlyh,aInpmreefe. rAmnden Iardeonin'ttousliutaerllaytulirkeeamnednawrti,thanbdeaclradsss! iIcalilkme umseicn."who
B"Io'mth nmoyt smuorme wahnod ims ygobiensgt tforicehnodoksneobwetmteer vfoerryme.
known me for longer!
What kind ofmen does/ doesn't she like?
Who does she think is going to choose better? Why?
wpheylls.icMaallyybme oKraeticeocmoupaldtibfilned, bmuet ma ygumyowthheorihsas ' '
-
� snake | SHheewliokreksscwatist.h his parents. |
� zebra | SHheehwaseabrrsojweannesy.es. |
/rz/ | SHheeurseelsaxgelasswseitshtoborexaeds.of chocolates. oounced z/ ic, g, |
3 GRAMMAR simple present 5 PRONUNCIATION final -s I -es
a Fusroinmg mthe siomryp,letrpyrteosecnotm.
plete the sentences
a 1 16l)) Listen and repeat.
She have a partner right now.
She on a date with each man.
Which one _ she prefer?
What kind of men ! like?
I usually like men with beards.
b In pairs, answer the questions.
he, she, and it?
Which letter do you add to most verbs with
p TPronuncia-stiiosnporofnfinal -s /I-sel so:rv/er. bTsheanddffneoruennsce is small.
The final -es is pr nounced after
plural of these nouns? Listen and check.
Hanodw do the verbs below change with he, she,
hzl ch, sh, s, z, and x.
it? watch/ study / BO/ have
q·wuhesattioaunxs ialniadrynevegrabtisvdeso wyoituhu..s.e? to make
b 1 17>)) How do you say the he / she / it form of these verbs and the
a I/ you / we / they b he / she / it
c ► p.126 Grammar Bank 1B. Learn more
vneorubnss::
cbhooyoseclascsookdatgeo
flrivieend stloapngutaegaech parent
d
about the simple present and practice it.
Chnarylotuterelmikes abnedrdthoeesknin'tdliokfem? en
6 SPEAKING & WRITING
a Look at the form below and prepare to give this information
Find out about them.
Look at the photos of►AleCxoamndmeurnaincadtOiolniver.
Alexander and Oliver A p.100 B p.103.
about your friend.
I
Do you have a friend who is looking for a partner? Help him/ her find one!
Name L Personality +
Relationship 'Single �
Divorced (
Age t7
,Separated ]
I
Job
l 7 Likes 7
WChhairclhotmtea?nWdohyy?ou think is better for
4 LIS TENING
14l)) Listen to Charlotte talking about
Appearance
I
Doesn't Hke :
Wi¥ifoM
to see him again?
wWhhaatthdaipdpsehneetdhwinhkeonfshhiemm? eDt oAelsexsahnedwear.nt
Listen again and write down any adjectives doresecxrpibreshsios naps ptheatraCnhcaeralontdtepuersseosntoality.
1 15>)) Now repeat for Oliver.
b Work in pairs. Ask and answer about your people. Compare the
information. Do you think the two people are compatible?
0hat's his (her) name?
person you know.
c ► p.111 Writing Describing a person. Write a description of a
d DWohyaot udoaegsreCehwairtlhothterd?ecide in the end?
7 l 18 l)) SONG Ugly �
AMiitii -
VP
G present continuous
clothes, prepositions of place k,/ and /;Jr/
What's the woman doing?
She's standing in front of the window.
VOCABULARY clothes
Look at the pictures. What are the models wearing? Match the words and clothes.
D boots D pants D shirt D shoes
D top
D skirt
► p.151 Vocabulary Bank Things you wear.
PRONUNCIATION /�/ and kx/
a 1 20>)) Listen to these words and sounds.
Practice saying them.
II/
2 �bird shirt skirt T-shirt
b Look at the highlighted letters in the words below. Which sound do they have, 1 or 2?
aacrrtiover cimheamgiinsetrywofirrlsdt aptatrinatcetrivethird
GRAMMAR present continuous
Look at the painting on page 9 by artist David Hockney (1937-).
In pairs, describe the man and the woman.
What do they looklike?
What are they wearing?
What are they doing?
Underline the correct form ofthe verb, present continuous or simple present.
In the painting the man isn't wearing / doesn't wear shoes.
In some countries women often wear / are wearing hats to weddings.
In the painting a white cat sits / is sitting on the man's knee.
My son usually sits / is sitting at the back ofthe class so that the teacher can't see him.
c p.126 Grammar Bank lC.
Learn more about the present continuous and practice it.
d Look at the pictures on page 4. What are the people wearing?
What are they doing?
a 1 24 >))
4 LISTENING
Look at the painting Mr and Mrs Clarkand Percy on page 9 and listen to the audio guide. Focus on the people and things in the painting as they are mentioned.
b Listen again. Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
Percy is the name ofthe cat.
Mr. and Mrs. Clark made clothes for famous people.
The painting shows their living room.
The painting is very small.
6
Celia is pregnant in the painting.
instrument problem prefer
c 1 21 >)) Listen and check.
d p.166 Sound Bank.
Look at the typical spellings for these sounds.
e Ask and answer the questions with a partner.
\Vhat clothes do you usually wear... ?
at work / college / school
Ossie is putting his feet into the rug because he is cold.
8
7 The position ofthe couple in the painting is unusual.
The open window is a symbol of the love between them.
The cat is a symbol ofinfidelity.
Celia and Ossie later got divorced.
Celia doesn't like the painting.
when you want to relax on the weekend
• when you go out at night
Ossie Clark died in 1995.
5 VOCABULARY prepositions of place
Look at some sentences that describe the painting. Complete them with a word or phrase from the list.
inne(xxt2t)o oonn(xt2h)e ruignhdter onintfhreonletfotf inbtehheinmd iddbleetween
There are two people the room.
The woman is standing , and the man is sitting _
6 SPEAKING
Dehsecnriwbiengdeaspcircibteuraep(iactpuarientwineguosrupahllyotuos)e:
There is Ia Ttahbelreeaanrde taovsaasye wwhitahtfisloiwn etrhseinpiict.tuTrhee, ree.ga.r,e
Ttwheo ppreeospelnet. continuous to say what the people are
continuous, e.g., There isTherea womanis andstandingthe presentnear
dSomnge,teim.ge.,sTwhee cwoommbainneis standing and the man is sitting.
the window.
4
3 ofthe painting, the man and the woman, there's an open window.
A white cat is sitting the man.
There's a rug _ _ the man's chair.
There's a telephone the floor the man's chair.
the telephone there's a lamp.
the woman there's a table, and a vase with flowers it.
1 25l)) Listen and check. Then cover the sentences and look at the painting. Say where the things and people are.
► Communication Describe and draw A p.100 B p.106.
Describe your picture for your partner to draw.
In small groups, ask and answer the questions.
Which ofthe three paintings in this lesson do you prefer? Why?
What pictures or posters do you have on the wall in your bedroom or living room?
Do you have a favorite painting? What? Can you describe it?
Do you have a favorite painter? Who?
Do you (or did you) paint or draw? What kinds ofthings?
AMiitii -
Hotel problems
1 !j INTRODUCTION
Look at the photos. Describe Tenny and Rob.
1 26>))
Watch or listen to Tenny. Number the pictures 1-6 in the order she mentions them.
Watch or listen again and answer the questions.
What does Jenny do?
Where did she go a few months ago?
Who's Rob Walker?
\
What did they do together?
What does she think ofRob?
What's Rob's one negative quality?
How long is Rob going to be in New York?
�
■
rr1
2 !j CALLING RECEPTION
d1o2es7Rl))oCbocvaellr?tWhehdyi?alogue and watch or listen. Who
3 !j JENNY AND ROB MEET AGAIN
Watch or listen again. Complete the You Hear phrases.
l)) You Hear You Say 0
Hello, reception. Hello. This is room 613.
working, and it's very hot in
How can I you? Tthheeraeir's-caopnrdoitbiolenminwg.iItthisn't
my room.
I'm sorry, sir.
a a1nd29thl))eyTghoatouevtefnoirnsgomJenenthyinggoetos teoat.hWe haotctehl otor mlisetenRaonbd,
mark the sentences T or F.
1 Rob says he doesn't like the hotel.
2 Jenny is going to show him around the city tomorrow.
3 Barbara is Jenny's boss.
4 Rob is hungry.
5 It's four in the morning for Rob.
6 They're going to meet at eleven.
7 Jenny thinks that Rob is going to get lost.
l'll
to look astoitmreigbhotdnyouwp. Thank you.
b Wareatfachlsoer. listen again. Say why the F sentences
Good _ , reception. Hello. I'm sorry to bother
c Social English phrases.
you again. This is room 613.
remember any of the missing words?
Look at the Can you
How can I help you?
WI hia-Fvie. Iacapnro'tbgleemt awsiitghntahl.e
SJeoncniayl EHnegrelisyhopuhrases
at last.
Rob I guess you_'re _
I'l_l
_ _ you tIh'mrosuogrhryt,osITir.. Thanks.
JReonbnyIt'sDo you havteo abe here. view?
1 28l)) Watch or listen and repeat the You Say
Jenny
BYoaurbara's_
be_reaflolyrwtiarerdd.to meeting you.
A There's a problem with the air-conditioning.l
phrases. Copy the rhythm.
'0 I'll
B I'll send somebody to look at it.
2bd
I'll = I will. We use /'II+ verb to offer to do something.
Practice the dialogue in with a partner.
JReonbnyByItt'she to see you, too.
1 30l)) Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
greet a friend who you
D offer to do somethinghaven't seen fora long time
D tell somebody about a problem (e.g., in a hotel)
DCan you...?
Wyouatscahyotrhleimsteinn aygoauirnlaangureapge?at the phrases. How do
In pairs, role-play the dialogue.
A (book open) You are the receptionist. B (book closed)
(think about what they are). A Offer to do something
You are a guest. You have two problems with your room
about B's problems. You beginwith Hello, reception.
Change roles.
V vacations
G simple past: regular and irregular verbs Where did P regular verbs: -ed endings
some friends.
CosItwaeRnictatowith
VOCABULARY vacations
b
a In one minute, write down five things you like doing when you're on vacation, e.g., relaxing, going to museums. Then compare with a partner.
p.152 Vocabulary Bank Vacations.
c In pairs, interview your partner with the vacation questionnaire. Ask Why?
My perfect summer vacation
or going on vacation in your country
Wgohinicghadboroyaodu prefer...?
going by car, bus, plane, or train going to the beach or going to a city
staying in a hotel (or apartment) or going camping
tanning, going sightseeing, or going for walks hot, sunny weather or cool, cloudy weather going with friends or going with your family
READING & SPEAKING
The place is perfect, the weather is wonderful,
but if you're with the wrong person, a vacation can be a disaster...
j Oe 28, a flight attendant
Last October, I went on vacation to Thailand for two weeks with my girlfriend, Mia.
The vacation began well. We spent two days in Bangkok and saw the Floating Market and the Royal Palace. But things went wrong when we left Bangkok. I wanted to stay in hostels, which were basic but clean, but Mia said they were too uncomfortable. So we stayed in very expensive hotels. I wanted to experience
the local atmosphere, but Miajust wanted to
go shopping. I thought I knew Mia well, but you don't know a person until you travel with him or her. It was awful! We argued about everything.
For our last four days we went to Ko Chang. a beautiful island. It was like being in paradise. The weather was beautiful and the beaches were
wonderful, but we just sunbathed without speaking. We spent our last night
back in Bangkok. and we met some travelers from Australia. They were really friendly, and Mia started flirting with one of the boys. That was the end.
Work in pairs. A read about Joe's vacation.
person u nt.I 1 you
Airport the next day, we decided to break up.
B read about Laura's vacation. Find the
'' you don't know a When we arrived at O'Hare International
travel with him I took hundreds of photos, but when I got
answers to questions 1-5.
Where did he / she go on vacation?
Who did he / she go with?
where did he / she stay?
or her ,,
Laura 26, a nurse
home I didn't show them to anyone.
cc I'd love to go back
b
What was the weather like?
Why didn't he / she enjoy the vacation?
Now tell your partner about the vacation
Last spring, my best friend Isabelle and
I booked a vacation in Costa Rica. We rented a small house for a week with a fantastic view
of the ocean. At the last minute another friend,
to Costa Rica one day...but without Linda. ,,
c
you read. Use questions 1-5 to help you.
d
Read your partner's text. In pairs, guess the meaning ofthe highlig ited words and phrases. Whose vacation do you think was worse? Why?
Have you ever taken a vacation that you didn't
enjoy very much?
Linda, asked if she could come. too. We felt sorry for her because she had problems with her boyfriend. so we said yes.
Costa Rica was magical and the weatherwas perfect, but the vacation was a disaster for one simple reason: Linda was so cheap! She has a goodjob so she's not poor, but shejust didn't want to pay for anything. When we went
sightseeing. she didn't want to go on any cruises or do any nature activities that cost money. When we went on a zipline tour, she complained that it was too expensive. When we went to have lunch or dinner, she always wanted to go to cheap restaurants
or she bought a sandwich and ate it in the house. But the night
most expensive things on the menu! The worst thing was that although Isabelle and I paid for the house, Linda never once bought us a coffee or a snack.
I'd love to go back to Costa Rica one day...but without Linda.
I invited her and Isabelle out on my birthday, she chose the
What happened?
-
a
3 LISTENING
134l)) You are going to listen to Mia and Linda talking about their vacations. First listen to Mia. Does she agree with Joe about the vacation?
Listen again. What does Mia say about...?
her relationship with Joe before they went
the places where they stayed
talking to other travelers
photos
going on vacation with a boyfriend
1 35 l)) Now listen to Linda. What's her opinion ofthe vacation? Then listen again. What does she say about...?
Costa Rica
what they did there
the cost ofher vacation
her next vacation
d
Who do you sympathize with most, Joe or Mia? Laura or Linda?
a
4 GRAMMAR simple past: regular and irregular verbs
What is the simple past ofthese verbs? Are they regular or irregular? Check your answers in Joe's text.
go begin
spend leave
want be I
stay think
know argue
sunbathe take
Now underline the simple past[±lverbs in
Laura's text. What are the base forms?
?h 1
El
Find and underline two simple past El verbs in the two texts. How do you make and [I]
.
m t .e s1mp e past....
with normal verbs
with was / were
with could
► p.128 Grammar Bank 2A. Learn more about the simple past and practice it.
PRONUNCIATION regular verbs: -ed endings
137 l)) Listen and repeat the sentences.
0 tie | We booked a vacation. We walked around the town. |
� dog | We sunbathed on the beach. We argued about everything. |
!Id/ | We rented a house. We decided to break up. |
Say the simple past ofthese verbs. In which ones is -ed pronounced /id/?
arrive ask end invite like love need park start stay
1 38 >)) Listen and check.
p RReegmuelmarbseirmtphlaetpwaestdvoenr'tbus sually pronounce the e in -ed.
Tthhees-eeednednindginsgisisvuesryuaslmlyapllr.onounced /t/ or /d/. The difference between We only pronounce the e in -ed when there is at or a d before it,
e.g., wanted, ended. With these verbs -ed = /Jd/.
SPEAKING
b
a Look at Your last vacation below. What are the questions?
Think about your answers to the questions.
YOUR LAST VACATION
:;i_
When- I 30?
1 Where / 30?
3 Who I 30 with?
5 Wh'1tt
/
the food Like?
<i>
Wh01t
/
the
We01ther
like?
7 WhOlt
/
do
duri� the d'1ty?
l{- Where / st'71y?
g Wh'71t
/
do 01t n-i_ght?
q
/
h'71Ve ""_good tiwie?
10 / h'71Ve '1tn-y problems?
c
Work in pairs. Ask your partner about his / her vacation. Show interest in what
he / she says and ask for more information. Then change roles.
p [±lUseRfeuallllyan?gWuoawge! Ffaonrtsahsotiwc!inGgreinatt!eeretcs.t
[I] Was it expensive? Why? What happened? etc.
El Oh, no! How awful! etc. -
G past continuous
V prepositions of time and place: P sentence stress
at, in, on
What was happening?
People were waiting for the results.
1 READING
b
a Look at a photo that news photographer Tom Pilston took in 2008. What do you think is happening?
Read Tom's description ofwhat happened on
the night he took the photo. Were you right?
c Read it again and answer the questions.
Why did Tom Pilston goto Chicago?
Why couldn't he take a photograph of Obama?
What was the weather like?
Where did he take this photo?
Where could the people see the election results?
d
Was he sorry that he couldn't go inside the center?
What happened when Obama won?
Why do you think the photographer thought his photo was better than a photo of Obama himself? Do you agree?
2 GRAMMAR past continuous
a Look at the highlighted verbs in an extract from the text. Do they describe actions that happened ...?
after he took the photo
at the same time as he took the photo
b
When I took this photo, everybody was looking at the TV screens waiting for the election results. Some people were quietly holding hands and smiling - others were tense and nervous.
p.128 Grammar Bank 2B. Learn more about the past continuous and practice it.
n November 4th, I arrived in Chicago late in the evening. I wanted to photograph Barack Obama and his family in the convention center, but when I got there I discovered that I didn't
Q)
0
have my press pass and I couldn't go inside. I walked around the park outside the center. Although it was November, it was a warm night. The atmosphere was wonderful. When I took this photo, everybody was looking at the TV screens waiting for the election results. Some people were quietly holding hands and smiling - others were tense
�
g
and nervous. They felt that it was their moment. Suddenly, I realized � that this was a better place to be than inside. I was watching Obama's �victory through the faces of all these people, African, Hispanic, Chinese, white. At about 11 o'clock the results were announced, and everybody went crazy. People started laughing, shouting, and crying. But when "
i
Obama made his speech they all became quiet and emotional. There !
was only one place to be on the planet that night - and I was there. .,:
3 VOCABULARY at, in, on
a Which preposition do you use before...?
a date (e.g., November 4th) _
a time (e.g., 11 o'clock)
b
the morning, the afternoon, etc.
a room or building (e.g., the convention center)
Check your answers to a in the text. What preposition do you use with.. .?
l))
c 41 In pairs, listen to the sounds and
make a sentence using the past continuous and the simple past.
a month (e.g., January)
the weekend
home, work, school
( _:,�:( were playing tennis
c ► p.153 Vocabulary Bank Prepositions. Do part 1.
questions with a preposition and a time or place.
�n it started to rain.
d ► Communication at, in, on A p.100 B p.106. Answer the
1 43 l))
PRONUNCIATION sentence stress
Listen and repeat the dialogue. Copy the rhythm.
Where were you at six o'clock in the evening?
I
I was at work.
What were you doing?
was having a meeting with the boss.
In pairs, take turns answering the questions about yesterday.
6:30 a.m. 11:00 a.m. lunchtime 4:00 p.m.
Whe�e were you_at�:30
( 1
6:00 p.m. 10:00 p.m. midnight
)
was
at home.
,n the morning� � What were you doing!l
LIS TENING
Look at a famous photo that was on the cover ofmany magazines around the world in the 1960s. Where do you think the
people are? What do you think is happening?
Read the beginning ofa newspaper article. Why do you think it is called "The image that
cost afortune"?
c 44>))
Now listen to the woman in the photo talking about it. Were you right?
Listen again. Choose a, b, or c.
1 In 1968, she .
a wasn't interested in politics b was a communist
c was an anarchist
She loved the atmosphere because all the students were fighting for .
a peace b democracy c freedom
She was sitting on a friend's shoulders . a because she was tired
to take photos
so that she could seebetter
She was carrying the flag because . a she was a leader in the demonstration b somebody gave it to her
c she brought it with her
Her grandfather died six later. a days b weeks c months
Do you think she is sorry that she was in that photo?
SPEAKING & WRITING
a Talk to a partner. Give more information ifyou can.
Do you have a photoyou really like? Who took it? Whatwas happening atthe time?
Do you upload photos to Facebook or other Internet sites? What was the last photo you uploaded?
Do you have a photo as the screen saver onyour computer or phone? What is it of?
Do you have a favorite photo ofyourself as a child? Who took it? What was happening when they took it? What were you wearing?
Do you have any photos in your bedroom or living room? What are they of?
p.112 Writing
b
Do you know any other famous historical photos? Who or what are they of?
fvly favorite photo. Write a description ofyour favorite photo.
C
aroline de Bendern was born in 1940. She was the granddaughter of Count Maurice de Bendern, a rich aristocrat who owned a lot of property in Paris and
f�.,,
Monaco. Although he had other grandchildren, the count decided to leave all his money to Caroline. "I never knew { why," says Caroline. "Perhaps because I was pretty." He paid
for her to go to very expensive schools in England, and he
0
hoped that she would marry well, perhaps a member of a E European royal family. But Caroline was a rebel. She went to �3
New York and worked there for a short time as a model. Then, i
in 1968 when she was 28 years old, she returned to Paris. .. �
C•fflit,tJAMiitii Ell
G time sequencers and connectors V verb phrases
P word stress
1 GRAMMAR
time sequencers and connectors
Because she was in a hurry.
ItH
annah met Jamie in the summer of 2010.
was Hannah's 21st birthday, and she and her
and check.
a1w4o5rdl))oRr peahdratsheefsrtoomrytohnecbeo.xT.hLeinstceonmtoptlehteesittowriyth
After that The next day One evening in October Suddenly fwe--mtFlttl:es--1-ateF When
With a partner, answer the questions.
friends wentto a club. They wanted to dance, but they didn't like the music, so Hannah went
to speak to the DJ. "This music is awful," she said. "Could you play something else?" The DJ looked at her and said, "Don't worry, I have the perfect song for you."
Two minutes later he said, "The next song is by Scouting For Girls. It's called Blue As Your Eyes, and it's for a
beautiful girl who's da2 ncing over there." Hannah knew that
Why did Hannah go and speak to Jamie?
the song was for her.
Hannah and her friends
Why did Jamie play Blue As Your Eyes?
What happened when Hannah left the club?
What was the restaurant like?
·where did they go every evening after that?
What was the weather like that evening?
·why was Hannah driving fast?
Why didn't she see the man?
the story.
Fstroormy wmiethmsoor,yb,eccoamuspel,eotreatlhtehsoeusBehn. tTehnecnescfhreocmk wthieth
She was going very fast she was in a hurry.
wondertfhuel tfiomoed.wasn't very good, they had a
left the club, the DJ was waiting for her at the door. "Hi, I'm Jamie," he said to Hannah. "Can I see you again?" So Hannah gave him her phone number.
3 Jamie called Hannah and invited her to dinner. He took her to a very romantic restaurant, and they talked
all evening. Although the food wasn't very good, they had
a wonderful time. 4_ Jamie and Hannah saw each other every day. Every evening when Hannah finished
work, they met at 5:30 in a coffee shop on Bridge Street. They were madly in love.
It
5 , Hannah was at work. As usual she was going
to meet Jamie at 5:30. It was dark and it was raining. She looked at her watch. was 5:20! She was going to be late!
She ran to her car and got in. At 5:25 she was driving along Bridge Street.
hHiemwaatsfwirseta.ring a dark coat, _ _ Hannah didn't see
She was going very fast because she was in a hurry.
6
, a man ran across the street. He was wearing
►seqpu.e1n2c8erGsraanmdmcaornBnaecntko2rsCa.nLdeaprrnacmtiocerethaebmou. t time
a dark coat, so Hannah didn't see him at first. Quickly, she put her foot on the brake...
�!::::��:::��;;:,:i:!�:::::�::o months
3 The weather was beautiful, so we decided...
cCoommppalreetewtihthe saepnaterntnceers.in your own words. Then
�
�:·: _
. .-,' _ ·•·'/;,t,_ ?.�, -�_. ·•:_/,c-
_r•.:··__··:.:,_::··�.�--
later.. .;;;;�_
. ·-":_.·'L: "'" -
I wwoakseruepalnlyexcot mldothrnaitnngi.g.h. t, and when
fAinltahloguagmhew. .e. didn't play well in the
_ ;__;J:..d'" >:-">\•/. :,·:.•-�.- ·;�-- _
Iliwstaens dinrgivtiongthaelorandgitoh.eSfurdedeewnaly...
PRONUNCIATION word stress
p AStprpersosxiinmtawteol-ys8y0ll%abolef twwoord-ssyllable words are sMtorestsstewdo-osnytllhaeblfeirnsot usnysllaabnlde.adjectives are shtarpepsys.eHdoownetvheer, fmirsanysytlwlaob-lsey, lela.gb.,lemvoetrhbesr,and tphreepsoescitoinodnssyolrlacbolne,nee.cgt.,oarsrraivree, sbterheisnsde, dbeofnore.
alcross aflter alga n allong
Underline the stressed syllable in these words from the story.
i
eat!tehlnoiung inalvwitlfeul pbeerllfceacutseseb!cirotnhdlday
1 49>)) Listen and check.
VOCABULARY verb phrases
Make verb phrases with a verb from box 1 and a phrase from box 2. All the phrases are from the story.
invite somebody to dinner
1
iAVi-1:e
drive somebody your
have 2 along Bridge Street meet email/ phone number
give a song
take across the street
wait in a hurry
play for somebody
be in a coffee shop
leave the club very late
run s-emebeEly--1:0 --EliAAeF somebody to a restaurant a wonderful time
Cover box 1. Try to remember the verb for each phrase.
SPEAKING & LISTENING
Read the story of Hannah and Jamie in 1 again.
In pairs, use pictures 1-5 to retell the story. Try to use connectors and the verb phrases in 3.
IT]
There are two different endings to the story. Take a class vote. Do
r ." �
you want to listen to the happy ending or the sad ending?
!f:t::·
1 50, 51 >)) What do you think is going to happen in the ending
,�_':;,·
you have chosen? Listen once and check.
Listen again. Ifyou chose the happy ending, answer the questions in► Communication Happy ending p.101. Ifyou chose the sad ending, answer the questions in► Communication Sad ending p.106.
1 52 >)) SONG Blue As Your Eyes �
AMiitii 1111
GRAMMAR
� a, b, or c.
any brothers or sisters?
a Have you b Do you c Do you have
last night?
A Did you any photos? B No, I didn't.
A Where did you ? B In a small hotel.
Did you your flights online?
A
A Let's your parents to dinner. B Good idea.
Are you going to there?
B No, we're going to take the train.
a Where you went
A Go on! Ask the DJ to
our song! B OK.
b Where did you go c Where you did go
My brother soccer.
a doesn't like b don't like c doesn't likes
Her parents a small business.
a has b haves c have
I co music when I'm working.
a never listen b don't never listen c listen never
In the picture the woman a blue dress.
B
a wears b wearing c is wearing
A What ? I'm looking for my keys.
a you are doing b do you do c are you doing
She's in college. She history.
A What time do we need co home tomorrow?
B About 7:00. Our flight is at 9:00.
Complete with at, in, or on.
2 A B
1 The meeting is March 1 3th.
Where's Mom? She's the kitchen.
B
3 He was born l 989. 4 A Where's the dictionary?
It's the shelfin my room.
Mark's not back yet- he's still school.
It's a very quiet town, especially night.
We went vacation to Bangkok last year.
� the word that is different.
a 's studing b 's studying c studying
9 We to Bangkoklast August. a were b went c did go
10 I saw the movie, but I it.
a didn't liked b don't liked c didn't like
1 straight long blond smart lazy generous
2
4
3 friendly cheap stupid dress skirt tights
5 socks gloves sneakers
beard
funny unkind
tie sandals
When I got home, my parents on the sofa.
a were sitting b was sitting c were s1tmg
What at 11 p.m.? You didn't answer my call.
a you were doing b youwas doing c were you doing
She couldn't see him because she her glasses.
a wasn't wearing b didn't wear c didn't wearing
We went to the movies. we decided to go for a walk.
a After b Then c When
necklace bracelet ring scarf
windy foggy dirty sunny
basic dirty uncomfortable luxurious
PRONUNCIATION
a � the word with a different sound.
15 We had a great time, theweatherwasn't very good. a so b because c although
VOCABULARY
a Complete the phrases with a verb from the list.
book do drive invite leave look play stay take wear
I cp E G
� shirt shorts
•
/iz/ chooses languages
� weight height
arrive along
J
work
lives kind actor
V
curly
glasses night
about
l A What do you
? B I'm a doctor.
b Underline the stressed syllable.
A What does she like? B She's tall and slim.
•.
She doesn't usually jewelry - only her wedding ring.
tallka tive 3 prelfer 5 comforltalble
musltache 4 dislguslting
wWohrekns hoef afrirtsitnsRawompeeoapnled tNakeiwngYpohrko.tos in the MOMA,
CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THIS TEXT?
� CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THESE
Rtheiandk tthatnteawksinpgappehroatrotsicilne monucsee.uDmoseisstahgeoj odrtnhailnigstor
PEOPLE?
2
FaRbe(faadlsteh)ei.nagr?ticle again. Mark the sentences T (true) or
a1nd53an>))swOenr tthheeqsutreesteitonWs. atch or listen to five people
1 The journalist saw tourists taking ph ographs of
5 aLtattheer apacionutpinlegasslkaetedr.him to take a photo ofthem in
3 hlToehodekniidnhnge'tarutentahdliezrpesdataitnnhtdaintwgthse.atpthhoetyowgrearpehrersllwy deroeinngo.t
1 abJuslltoionJkosalnikne_ahis mfatoJhethearenrna
David
Yoni
Jeanna's last vacation was _
4 They were taking photos because they wanted to look
6 Hfroensut oggf easptas itnwtoinpgo. ssible ways of solving the problem.
32 cao adloaensd'ns'fctaalvopooerkitleibkpeaahinpisetirfnsagothniseroocfrahnisamn_iomthael r
Lwmoietoahknaiandtgitchfteirohnmiagrthhyl.iegchotnedtewxto. rCdhs einckthweittehxyto. Guruteascthheerior r
bac slsohhnoogrtabannuddtfgusotnroedssful
5 Ya ohnei seanyjos ys cry_ing at the end of a movie
4 bDa ativsaikidnesaalolot_tooffpphhoototoss
hastgeaonf,idrinsint Sgtitm.arPeoeuItennrdo'stMiBcieacdshieltihlcaiasnipgnheRleono'sommee-naoncrwowasdlaoffepweoypealers
AathttetfihrirecstMa,mIuweseraaussmna'tnotdfoMoceowldloeprrhrnioeAnderwst.h(TtehheeInMslOaawsMPtpAiweet)eoaiep,nklNeI peswhawoYoiotgrakragCpaihitnyin. gT
taking photos with
wtmheaerkpeeatimanketiinagngsgp.rhIyot. twToashsewnaittlhihtoteluestailrdoroittkrauitntihnggha,itbttumhteetp.hMaitnowtsitansogfsatlthlh.eIetpmdesiodepnlvl'etes.
c ha a lot ofphotos on his phone
bc he ntheivnekrswmatocvhies wmiothviaessawditehndaisnagdaernedminogre realistic
D p rssoin yotuhekanpopweawrealnl ce and person lity ofa
CADcNaontYdhoeOtthUaeskmSs.wAiYth aTpHarItSnerI.NChEeNckG(✓L) IthSeHbo?x ifyou
D raesckeanntdvacastwioenr three questions about a
C1 aDn yofaasumk..ai.ln?yd, aanndswfreeres-tiixmqeuaecsttivnitsieasbout work / studies,
betterwtheartethnwheneoyt thhaedrtheyebetoengotsetehhome?ethree. paintings,This wasbutveryto takeimprobable.photos toTheyprove
taatkleeaastphonoetomoifnauntee.xhibit should be forced to look at it first, for
■◄ Short movies A photographer
watPhebeaoretpetntlteoarwkovineniregebtphlouecskpthhheinedogtatohrmste,eisbro,unpthohbtoaetbtcoeta.hcuWaesyueasscteohituehplydeoywsaswdainbmeltreierdetthtrtaoyhtiemnmpgaaktionebtgseiunettrghesey Tpothafhertethpnneeeirmtrssgoonstrttwfhareoimeyrnsowdeu.sesNrwpeoahpwionhptwoietneogrgpesrl.apNpowehsieiitnnrhegetnrhateakhxdientltopgoohp,kohoetorodtgionarstafropthofhnetehtraeosritfnrsiotorsmelfe,
23
456
D hdeaspcpreibneinagp, iwcthuartethine tpheios pbloeoakreanwdeasaryinwg,heattci.s
D say threeantrdue sentences using the connectors so,
0 hdaepscpreibneinagfwavhoernityeopuhototokanitd say what was
tahltahtotuhgehaIrtsiaswt rethalaltyswomaseftai mosutsh. eAyt rleasdt tnhoebloadbyela, stokemdamkee stoure
because, although
tIaaltskhoeinhakapvtihecataut prleehsoostfdotgrharesamtpihctyosoginleutmhtieourns, .esIumtmhiliisnskhtionhuaflrtdopbneetoobpfalenawnPehicdoa, swbsuaotn! It to
Adapted fromMarcel Berlin's article inThe Guardian
VIDEO Watch and enjoy the movie.
Online Practice •
V
G be going to (plans and predictions) airports
P sentence stress and fast speech
What are you going to do there?
I'm going to teach English.
phrases below.
D Arrivals
D Baggage check-in D Baggage claim D Check in
D Customs D DeQ_filtures D Gates
0 slevators
D Passport control
c
D Terminal D Restrooms D Cart
1 54l)) Listen and check. Then cover the words and look at the symbols. Remember the words and phrases.
LISTENING
1 | VOCABULARY airports | 2 |
a | When was the last time you were at an airport? Was it to travel somewhere (where?) or to meet someone (who?)? | a |
b | Look at the airport signs and match them to the words and |
Look at the three travelers in the picture. Who do you think is...?
going to work abroad for an NGO (= non-governmental organization)
going to see an ex-partner
going to do a photo shoot in an exotic place
What are their plans? What are their dreams?
We spent a morning in the departures area last week asking people about their travel plans.
a.
Where to? | Why? | Other information | |
Olivia | |||
Matthew | |||
Lily |
b 1 SS i)) Listen and check your answers to Then listen again and complete the chart.
El
3 GRAMMAR
1 56 >))
be going to (plans and predictions)
Look at these sentences from the airport interviews and fill in the blanks with a form of be BoinB to + verb. Then listen and check.
2
1 English to young children. How long there for?
It's winter in Australia now, so
pretty cold.
you at the airport?
b
For many people airports are a nightmare - long lines
I'm sure a great time.
In pairs decide ifsentenPceLs 1-5 are plans or predictions
when you check in and go through security and an even
longer wait if your flight is deljayed. But there are some
c Grammar Bank
about the future. Write (plan) or PR ( prediction).
airports where you can actually en oy yourself. All good
airports have excellent facilities for business people and
1 58
a
p.130 3A. Learn more about
be BOinB to and practice it.
4 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING
sentence stress and fast speech
>)) Listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the
rhythm.
2
1 What a.re you gQing to do tonight? Are you gQing to see a movie?
I'm gQing to cook a meal for you.
I think it's gQing to rain.
We aren't gQing to have a vacation this year.
children, free Wi-Fi, restaurants, cafes, and stores. But the
KONG INTERNATIONALAIRPORT - there are dozens of free
Playstatio all over the terminals! It's also good for people
best airports have much more...
SbeINcGauAsPeOiRt EhaCsHaAnNinGdI oAoIRr oPrOcRhTidisgapradreand!isIteaflosrofhloawsear rl ooeftrosp
shawvime amtilnegasptofoivl aenhdoaurfsreteo swigahittf-osretehinegirtcoounrnfeocr tpienogpflleigwhth.o If you like computer games, you'll never be bored at HONG
winitrhednocosaetnss, we ohfodhireelpctyi onu -totgheertefraorme "oAnireppolratcAemtobaasnsoatdhoer.s"
can go to the hair salon and have beauty treatments or a massage.
MUNICH AIRPORT helps to keep passengers entertained with
INCH EON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT is the place t relax. You Sports fans can also play golfatthe airport's 72-hole golf course!
a 60-seat movie theater and non-stop movies. There is also
p WFahsetnsppeeeocphle: gspoenanka fast they often pronounce going to
What are you gonna do?
laiksegonna /'g'Jn'J/, e.g., What are you going to do? sounds
c
1 59 >)) Listen and write six sentences.
Communication What areyour plans? A p.101
B p.106. Interview each other about your plans.
5 READING
b
a What is your nearest airport? What's it like? What can you do there while you're waiting for a flight?
Read an article about the top airports in the world. Which is the best airport(s) ifyou...?
have a medical problem
would like to see a movie
want to play a sport or exercise
need to leave your dog for the weekend
are worried about getting lost
want to wash your clothes
would like to see the city between flights
fmreaegcaozffineees and tneeawnsepaarpaelrl tsh. e seating areas, and lots of free
sIfeyrovuicwesorartyaallbtoimuteyso, OuSr hAeKaAltIhNaTnEdRlNikAeTtIoObNeAnLeAaIrRmPeOdRicTainl Japan iosfftihceesp.eArfnedcftoprlapceeoptolewwaiitthbaenciamuasles,i thhearsediesnetvisetnaanpdedtohcottoerl!
sIfcyhoeudduolen,'tdrhoapveit toimffeatttohdeoVyAoNuCr OlaUuVndErRy IbNeTcEaRusNeAoTfIOyNouArLbusy
ApiIcRkPuOpRyToculrecalneearnscbleoftohreesywohuehnayvoeutogebtobaardckyforuormflyigohutr. Ttrhipe.n
Look at the hig1lighred words and phrases related to
d
airports and guess their meaning.
Role-play with a partner.
A imagine you areat one ofthese airports and your flight is delayed for three hours. B calls you on your cell phone. Tell B where you are and what you are going to do. Then change roles. Do the same with other airports.
1 60 >)) SONG This is the Life �
G present continuous (future arrangements) V verbs + prepositions, e.g., arrive in
P sounding friendly
1 READING & LISTENING
1 61 l)) How do you say these dates? Listen and check.
May 3 August 12, 2012 December 31
6/22 2/5 July 20, 1998
Ben and Lily are old friends from college. Read their Facebook messages and number them in order.
Search a..
When are
you leaving? On Monday,
and I'm coming back on Friday.
Read the messages again in the right order. Why does Lily get in touch with Ben? What are they planning to do?
Match the higfflighted words and phrases to their meaning.
for a long time
definite plans for the future
n1aybe
43 I continue to be
5 the two
.. D
D
Lily Varnell
Great. I'm going to book my tickets tomorrow, and then I can let you know my flight times.
Ben West
OK. Why don't you call me closer to the date, at the end of April? T hen we can set
6 to decide something (e.g., a day / date)
1 62 l))
Lily calls Ben and leaves him a message. Listen and complete her flight information.
Thank you for booking with JetBlue
YOUR RESERVATION NUMBER IS: ISCS2L
aredstaayuaranndt.a. .time to meet. I know a great
Lily Varnell
OJ tHhii,nBgesn?! ANroe nyeowu sstfirllowmoyrkoiungfoartatghees.UHnoivwerasritey
Going out: Flight JBY4587 Depart Boston at 12:10 p.m. Arrive San Francisco at
Date:
_
nofexSat nmFornatnhc, isacnod? II thhaovuegahtcopnefrehraepnscewtehceoreuld
meet. I'd love to see you again! Lily.
D
Ben West
It depends on the day. I'm going to
nLot vAenrgyefleasr -onI 'emdcaoymtihnagt bwaecekkt, hbeutsaitm'se dgaoyo.dI'fmorsburoethwoefcuasn. find a time that's
Going back: Flight JBY4588 Date: _
Depart San Francisco at _
Arrive Boston at 9:10 p.m.
Hotel reservations:
Six nights at Hotel _ _
D
Lily Varnell
know my travel arrangements yet. What are
It's from May 3rd to the 7th, but I don't
you doing that week? Are you free any time?
D
Ben West
aLtilyth! Ge ruenaitvteorshiteyarhefrroemanydouit.'sYgeos,inI'gmrsetai lly iwne. lWl -heSannexFaracntlcyisicsothise acognr efeartecnictye?to live
D
Lily Varnell
Wonderful! I can't wait!
-
2 GRAMMAR present continuous (future arrangements)
In pairs, underline five present continuous verbs in the Facebook messages. Which two are about now? What time period do the other three refer to?
l))
1 63 Look at three extracts fromthe message Lily leaves Ben. Can you remember the missing verbs? Listen and check.
I'm from Boston on JetBlue.
I'm in San Francisco at 2:40 p.m.
I'm at a hotel near the convention center.
► p.130 Grammar Bank 3B. Learn more
3 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING
67l))
sounding friendly
1 Listen to another dialogue. Then listen again and repeat it sentence by sentence. Try to copy the speakers' intonation.
A Are you free on Thursday?
B Sorry, I'm going to the movies.
AB WI'doluovldeytoou. like to go out for dinner?
B
Nothing. Friday's fine.
A What about Friday? What are you doing then?
B Great.
A OK. Let's go to the new Italian place.
Practice the dialogue with a partner. Try to sound friendly.
Complete your calendar with different activities for three evenings.
d
about the present continuous for future arrangements and practice it.
65 l)) Lily calls Ben when she arrives at the
Monday Wednesday
Friday
- Sunday
hotel. Listen to the conversation. What day do they arrange to meet?
�y
�y Saturday
e Listen again. Complete Ben's calendar for the week.
Monday 3
Tuesday4
Wednesday 5
Talk to other students. Try to find days when you are both free and suggest doing something. Write it on your calendar. Tryto make an arrangement with a different person for every night.
Are you free on Friday evening!] 0es, I am. Would you like to go to the movies� 0es, I'd love to.
a
4 VOCABULARY verbs + prepositions
Look at things Lily and Ben say. What are the missing prepositions?
It depends the day.
b
I'm arriving San Francisco at 2:40 p.m.
Paul invited me dinner ages ago.
p.153 Vocabulary Bank Prepositions. Do part 2 (Verbs +
Friday 7
Cover the calendar. Work with a partner and test your memory.
Sunda� �
Whaotn's Ben do�ng ) ( H��s-sdeoeininggoPna/v!ulo. nWdhaayt?'s
1 66>)) Listen. What happens when Ben and Lily meet?
prepositions).
c Complete the questions with a preposition. Then ask and answer with a partner.
What do you usually ask ifyou go to a cafe with friends?
Who do you think should pay the meal on a first date?
Who do you usually speak _ when you're worried something?
Do you spend more money clothes or gadgets?
Do you think it's possible to fall love _ somebody without meeting them face-to-face?
5 WRITING
p.113 Writing An informal email. Write an email about travel arrangements.
G defining relative clauses
V expressions for paraphrasing: like, for example, etc. P pronunciation in a dictionary
What's a It's a place
gym?
where you can improve your physical fitness.
a
LISTENING
b
Do you like playing word games like Scrabble or doing crosswords? Look at the Scrabble letters on the page. How many words of four or more letters can you make in three minutes?
2 2
>)) Listen to the introduction to a TV game show, What's the Word? How do you play the game?
c 2 3>)) Now listen to the show. Write down the sixwords.
1
2 -----
d 2 4
3
4
5
6 ----
l)) Listen and check your answers.
GRAMMAR
defining relative clauses
Look at three sentences from What's the Word? and complete them with who, that, or where.
It's something people use to speak to another person.
It's a place people go when they want to go shopping.
It's somebody works in a hospital.
Read sentences 1-3 again. When do we use
who, that, and where?
► p.130 Grammar Bank 3C. Learn more about defining relative clauses and practice them.
VOCABULARY paraphrasing
2 6
a What do you usually do ifyou're talking to someone in English and you don't know a word that you need?
b
a Look up the translation on your phone. b Try to mime the word.
c Try to explain what you mean using other words you know.
>)) Complete the useful expressions with these words. Then listen and check.
example kind like opposite similar somebody something somewhere
Useful expressions for explaining a word that you dontt know:
It's / a person who works in a hospital.
It's / a thing that we use foreverything nowadays.
It's _ / a place where people go when they want to buy something.
It's a ofgadget.
It's the ofdark.
It's light, but you use it to describe hair.
It's to intelligent.
E
For , you do this to the TV.
c Complete the definitions for these words.
a DJ It's somebody...
an art gallery It's somewhere...
a camera It's something.. .
an elevator It's a kind of.. .
sunbathe For example, you do this ...
curly It's the opposite...
4 SPEAKING
Communication What's the word? A p.101 B p.106. Play a game and define words for your partner to guess.
L
�
1
5 READING
Rcreeaadtethnewarwtioclred. sH? Wowhmataanrye wthaeyys?does it mention to
900 new woiiJ in 3 months
tLhoeoykmaet athne? hMnigahtclhighthredemnteowthweodredfsin. Witiohnatsdboelyoowu. think
veryone knows the English language is changing.
Every three months, the OED (Oxford English
1 a young man who is going out with a much
OEne rDeiccetniotnuaprdya) tpeucbolinshtaeisnuedpd9a0t0esnteowitws orndlisn,enedwictionary.
3 n to send a message using a cell phone
New words are created in many different ways. We can
2 older woman
nn
v
4
a person who works in a coffee shop anfeoethlienrgpaenrsgorny'bsedcraiuvsinegofthe traffic or
coffee with hot milk
good food
n a place where you can also have very
ewxhperreessdio ntsh,eoyranllecwome afnroinmg?s for existing words. But
m(gasteroannoemwyw+oprdubb)yocroemmbointiincogntw(eomwotoirodns,+liikceong)a. stropub eSoxammeptilme,ersowade rpaugtetworobwooyrtdosyt.ogether in a new way, for
Wwoerdalso find that nouns can change into verbs. Take the
fCroanmytohueetxexptl?ain the meaning of these other words
Wemi-Foiticroinngttoonetwesemt aritPpohdoneto google
6 PRONUNCIATION
pronunciation in a dictionary
Laboborkevaitattwioondsimcteioan?ry extracts. What do the yseoauracrhe/tsr;}yritnji'gvtolofoinkdcsabreofrusltlhy because
43
busy /'b1zi/ adj ocupado
accordtienxgt.tToetxhtewOaEsDa)l,wbauytsiat insonuonw(fvreormy caobmoumto13n6a9s,a
networking site Twitter.
vbeurtbw, titohtaexdtiffseormenetbmodeya.nOintgh.eFronreewxawmorpdles,atlwreeaedtywexaisstheed, vneorisbeotrha tnaoubnir)dfomraakmese, sbsuatgenotwhawt peeuospeleit pmuotroenotfhtenso(acsiaal
A"andootphteinr gw"awyoinrdws hfriocmh wfoeremigankelannegwuawgeosr,dlsikies bbyarista or rlaetatlely(pimoppuolratreidnftrhoemUIStainliatnhew1h9e9n0cso).ffee shops became
Acolmotpoafnnieesw, fworoerxdasmcpolme,ewferopmlaythme unsaimc oens aofn biPraonddasnodr we
and smartphone are some recent examples.
gdeosocgrilbeeinnfeowrmtaetcihonno. Wlogeyaolsronneewedgamdgoreetsg: eWnei-rFail, wrionrgdtsotnoe,
TThhee winovredntion of new words is not a new phenomenon.
1896,
brunch (breakfast + lunch) first appeared in
V
adj _ _
sb
sth
speakenreswstsaprtaepderto(nueswesth+epwapoerrd) cinaf1e6(6f7ro, manFdreEncghli)shin
tnheewlawteor1d9stahncdenetxuprrye.sTshioendsieffnetreerntcheenloanwgiusahgoewanqduihckolwy
pronunciation of new words.
Lprooonkoautntcheetphheownoertidcst?ranscriptions in a. How do you p TChhiescskyimngbporl o(1n) ushncoiwatsisotnriensas.dTihcetiostnraersysed syllable is the Tonhee aSfotuenrdthBeasnykmobnopl..166 can help you to check the
c Look carefully at the pronunciation of the words
2 7>))
bcheleocwk.. DProacytoicueksnaoywinwg hthaetmthceoyrmreecatnly?. Listen and
quickly we start to use and understand them.
YouTube /'yutub/ 4 gadget /'gre1 d3::,t/
keyboard /'kib�rd/ 5 message / mes1d3/
zoom /zum/ 6 hacker /'hrek�r/
1 !j IN THE NEW YORK OFFICE
Restaurant problems
2 VOCABULARY restaurants
Take the restaurant quiz with a partner.
RESTAURANT QUIZ
3 the ptherreseonpawrhtsoosfearvmeseyaol u
W21 htahtedbooyookuocralilsl.t..?that tells you what food there is
54 tehxetrpaiemcoenoefypyaopuelrewavitehitfhyeoupraicree hofapthpey mwietahlyour meal or with
(true) or F (false).
a 2 8>)) Watch or listen. Mark the sentences T
TLohnedNoenwoYffoicrek.office is smaller than the
Barbara is the designer ofthe magazine.
Rob has never been to New York before.
the service What do you say...?
21 f you want a table for four people
3 when ythoeu waraeitreeraadsyktsoypoauywhat you want
3 !j AT THE RESTAURANT
questions.
a 2 9 l)) Cover the dialogue and watch or listen. Answer the
What do they order?
What problems do they have?
4 aBnadrbJaenraniys. going to have lunch with Rob
S Holly is going to work with Rob.
6 bHeoclalyusweasnhtes'stohugongtoryt.he restaurant tWh eatFchseonrtleinstceens agraeifan.lsSea. y why
b Watch or listen again. Complete the You Hear phrases.
l)) You Hear You Say 0
Are you ready to ? Yes, please.
Can I gettoyou somewthitinhg? tNuon, athwainthk ayogur.eIe'dnliskaelatdh.e
And for you, sir? I'll have the steak, please. frWieosuolrdayboaukliekde that with? Fries, please.
well done? Nothing for me.
sHtoewakw? oRualrde,you li_ke yo, our Well done.
OK. And to ? Water, please.
_ or sparkling? Sparkling.
Tthheetsutneaafkofroyroyuomu,a'am_, and Ig'mreseonrsrya,labdu,tnI oatskfreidesf.or a
4 !j HOLLY AND ROB MAKE FRIENDS
2 11 >)) Watch or listen to Rob, Holly, and Jenny. Do
No problem. I'll it. Excuse me.
Yes, sir? Swoerlrlyd,oI naeskaenddftohrismiys sraterea.k I'm reallybsaocrkryt.ol'tllh_e kit_chenit.
chips = British English
,O AFmreenrcihc)anfriaensd=BArimtiesrhicEanngElinsghlish
c 2 lOl)) Watch or listen and repeat the You Say phrases.
d
Copy the rhythm.
Practice the dialogue with a partner. e - In pairs, role-play the dialogue.
A You are in the restaurant. Order a steak or tuna.
B You are the waiter/waitress. Offer A fries, a baked potato, or salad with the steak or tuna. You begin with Areyou ready to order?
B
A There is a problem with your order. Explain it to the waiter/waitress.
Apologize, and try to solve the problem. f Change roles.
they enjoy the lunch?
Watch or listen again and answer the questions.
What's Rob going to write about?
How does Holly offer to help him with interviews?
What does she say they could do one evening? 4 \\That's the problem with the check?
Why does Jenny say it's time to go?
Do you think Jenny wanted Holly to come to lunch?
bill = British English
0 Achmeecrkic=aAn manedricBarnitEisnhgElinshglish
Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember any ofthe missing words?
Rob Do you have any_ _eat?.
Well, to with...
SHolliyal English ptherlal msees, Rob...
Jenny OxKc, u se me, to go.there's
JennyThat wouldweIhavinektghre checak (bill_), please?
2 12 l)) Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
tehxeplcahinecwkh, eentct.here is a problem with your food,
D ask what somebody is going to do today
D order food in a restaurant
DCan you...?
Watch or listen again and repeat the phrases. How do you say them in your language?
G present perfect + yet and already
V housework, make or do?
P /y/ and /d3/
1 READING
Look at the definition of teena8e1'. How do you pronounce it? Do you have a similar word in your language to describe a person ofthat age?
teenager /'tine1d3dr/ a person who is between 13 and 19 years old
Read the article about some annoying habits. Write P ifyou think the sentence is a parent talking about teenagers, or T ifyou think it is a teenager talking about his / her parents.
Teenagers have annoying habits - (.Fo11ow')
but so do their parents! #itreallyannoysme
Josh Lopez @joshlopez 15m They come into my room 1t out Rnocl<ing and then are surprised to see things they don't really want to know about. Rachel Black @blackr � 16m They just IReep on text1ng when I'm telling them something really important and they say, "Yeah, yeah I heard you." Of course they didn't. |
Anthony Smith @tonysmith 20m They always pick up the remote and c a �e t�e cnannel when I'm watching something really interesting. |
Isla May @ibmay 1h They leave their room in a terrible mess and then roll their eyes when I ask them to crean i-1l. |
Mike Donovan @donovan512 1h They never pick up irty c ofhes or wet towels from the floor. They think some elves come later and pick them up! |
Sarah Vine @sarahvine 2h They say no before I've even finished explaining what I want to do. Sam James @sujames 6h Whenever I need to call them, their cell phone is either turned off or the battery is dead. |
1
•--•
•--•
•--•
•--•
Compare with a partner. Do you agree?
Look at the highlighted verbs and verb phrases. With a partner, say what you think they mean.
Do any ofthe parents' or teenagers' habits annoyyou? Which ones?
Have you cleaned up your
room yet? Yes, I did it
this morning.
VOCABULARY
housework, make or do?
Look again at the highlighted phrases from the text. Which three are connected with housework?
► p.154 Vocabulary Bank Housework, make or do?
GRAMMAR
present perfect + yet and already
a 2 lSl)) Look at the pictures. What do you think the people are arguing about? Listen and check.
CQ
rn
asked done dried
b Listen again and complete the dialogues with a past participle from the list.
finished looked s-eeA
PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING /y/ and /d3/
a 19l)) Listen and repeat the picture words and sounds.
A IHcaavne'tyfoinudsite.en my yellow sweater?
B cNlosIehta?ven't. Have you in your
b 2 20 >)) Put the words in the right column. Listen and check.
bed?
Of course I have. What's that under your
Oh, yes. I remember now. I borrowed it.
Then listen and repeat the words.
juusset uyenitforcmolleygeear yeylologwa ecnhjaonyge teenager
A Really? When?
B I've already
A Why aren't you doing yoitu. r homework?
B I did it on the bus this afternoon.
B Almost.
A Have you yet?
B
Well, hurry up then.
A IBnueteIdhatvhenb'tathroom nowm. y hair yet.
A
you know.
A fI'over tahlraetasdayndwich. I justyocluetaonegdetthaepflalotoer,
c
B OK. Oops -too late. Sorry!
Look at the first two questions in dialogue l. Are they about.. .?
a specific time in the past
d
a non-specific time (i.e., sometime between the past and now)
Underline the sentences withyet and already
in dialogues 2-4. What do you think they mean?
e ► p.132 Grammar Bank 4A. Learn more about the present perfect and practice it.
0
negative and the El sentences affirmative.
>)) It hasn't rained. 0·s rained.
beautiful jacket young bridge argue
Practice saying these sentences.
Jim has joined a judo class.
Have you worn yournew uniform yet?
► Communication Has he done it yet? p.101.
2 21 l)) Listen. Say what's happened.
>))
LISTENING
a 2 22 Listen to the first part ofa radio program about teenage caregivers. Answer the questions.
What reputation do teenagers have?
Howmany teenagers have to look after a family member?
b
What kinds ofresponsibil ities do these young helpers have?
B
223 >)) Now listen to the rest ofthe program. In what way are the two teenagers unusual? Do they feel positive or negative about their lives?
(Alice), D (Daniel), or (both ofthem).
Who...?
>)) I've finished. haven't finished.
� f
/ ���'�
8J CD �r�(
21 takess ccaare off hiss/her bmrotherr and sister
3
5 doesn't live with his/her father
4 dcaone'st acolootkof housework
67
gisivseosmheist/imhes manogthryerwaitmh ahsiss/ahgeer friends
---
8 never goes out without his/her phone
d
Do you know any teenagers like Alice
and Daniel? What do they do?
.a.;
AMiitii -
G present perfect or simple past? (1) V shopping
P cand ch
Have you ever been to
Yes.
that store? I bought this
shirt there.
READING c Read the interview. Fill in the blanks with A-F.
With a partner, write down the names of three fashion designers. What nationality are they? Do they design more for men or for women? What kinds ofthings does their company make?
Read the introduction to an interview and look at the photos. Do you like the clothes?
I absolutely hated dressing as a man.
I really understand how women want to feel. C My boyfriend atthat time was very lucky.
D My feet were killing me!
The only things I enjoyed there were art and sewing.
They are so chic, and their sense of color is so natural to them.
d Look at the highlighted words and phrases related to fashion and shopping, and guess their meaning.
cLloI NtheDs fKoAr wo(mIeEnR. SAhe(hHas mis aadfeacshloiothnedsefsoigr nmearn. yShcelmebarkiteisesveinrcyluedxcinlugsive mFeermgubseorns,owf htoheseBwriteisdhdirnogyadlrfeasms silhye, fdoerseigxanmedp,laenKdataectMreisdsdelsetliokne aHnedleSnaMraihrren.
DID YOU ALWAYS WANT TO BE A DESIGNER?
Not at all! When I was at school I had problems reading, and later I was diagnosed as dyslexic. 1 After school I took a secretarial course and then I got a job at Vogue magazine. I loved it, and there I realized that what I wanted to do was design clothes.
WHY DO YOU THINK PEOPLE LIKE YOUR CLOTHES?
Being a female designer has many
2
HAVE YOU EVER BEEN TO A COSTUME PARTY?
I hate costume parties. But I can remember one, when I was ten.
WHAT DID YOU GO AS?
My mother made me and my younger sister dress as a bride and bridegroom - I was the bridegroom! 4
HAVE YOU EVER MET SOMEONE WHO
WAS WEARING EXACTLY THE SAME OUTFIT AS YOU?
HAVE YOU EVER FALLEN BECAUSE YOU WERE WEARING VERY HIGH HEELS?
I've never fallen, but once I had to take of my
advantages. :My customers leave
Never, thank goodness!
shoes in the middle of a reception at the House
the studio feeling l ike a million dollars!
3
WHAT NATIONALITY DO YOU THINK HAS THE BEST FASHION SENSE?
Probably the Italians.
I'm lucky because
I can choose from a large selection ofour colJection each season!
of Lords! 5
WHAT DID YOU DO?
I walked out into the street in bare feet and jumped into a taxi!
HAVE YOU EVER DESIGNED CLOTHES FOR A MAN?
Yes, I have.
WHEN WAS IT?
Glossary
It was when I was studying at the London College of Fashion. I designed my first men's wear collection - shirts, pants, and leath!;r jackets. 6 He didn't need to buy any clothes that year!
bride / bridegroom a woman / man on the day ofher / his wedding The House of Lords the second
house ofthe British Parliament
GRAMMAR
present perfect or simple past?
a partner.
a iLnotohke aint terevliaeswt .fAounrsqwueerswtioitnhs
Lindka's life?
Wexpheicrhieqnucestsiomnseatirme aebinout
3 What does meanin the
ever
WspehciicfhicqmueosmtioentsianrLe ianbdokuat'as past? questions that begin with Haveyou ever...
5 PRONUNCIATION c and ch
Hinotwheirsicgphrtoronwou. nced in these words? Put them
proceed receipt
� key | |
� snake |
carcecdoiutnctardaucctuisonomceitry declcicidke cnloictehes
2 30l)) Listen and check. When is c pronounced Isl?
the two words where ch is pronounced
and
► p.132 Grammar Bank 4B. Learn msimorpeleabpoaust athnedpprreascetnicteptehrefmec.t and
2 31�>)) How is ch usually pronounced? Listen differently. How is it pronounced in these words?
3 LIS TENING
cheanmgisetrychecahpic
cchheocoksoeut
ever bouBht somethinB thatyou've never worn? What did they
a 2 26l)) Listen to four people answering the question Haveyou
buy? Write 1-4 in the boxes. (Thereis one item you don't need.)
D a coat D some sports clothes D a skirt
D some pants D a shirt
Practice saying the words in a and c.
6 SPEAKING
1-4 in the boxes.
b Listen again. What was the problem with the clothes? Write
This person...
D bthoeuygahrtrsivoemde. thing online, but didn't like the clothes when
D bought the clothes coo quickly and later didn't like them.
a oCfotmhepvleetrebt. he questions with the past participle
1 or
Have you ever (buy) (sell)
angyotohdinpgriocne?eBay? What? Did you pay or get
3 an argument with
2 Have you ever (buy) something online
D wanaonttheedr.to look like a famous singer, but looked like
Wandhahtaddida pyoroubdleom? with it? What was it?
D suddenly did n't need the new clothes anymore.
c WHahvaetywoauseivte?r bought something that you've never worn?
4 VOCABULARY shopping
Have you ever (have)
5 accidentally
4 Have you ever
a salesperson? What was it about? sumcceshsifnugl?without the(rtteyc)eitpote?xWchearnegyeou
Have you ever (take)
6 shoes without
Wsomhaetthdindgyofruotmakae?stWorehawtihthapoputenpaeydi?ng?
highlighted phrases mean.
Fil2l i7nl))thLeisbtleanntkos swoimthe osnene twenocreds. Wfroitmh athpealritsnteenr,insagy. what the
Have you ever (buy)
7 Htryaivnegytohuemevoenr? Did th(eByetf)it?
lIoroekmeedmabmearzwinhge.n I was int 1e ·00111 I thought they
checkout and then found yotuodtihdens'tuhpaevremarket
I it on eBay.
I hate clothes shopping, and I never Things QD..
I didn't have the receipt, so I couldn't iI Back.
b
Wchelalp, Idbeoaulsg.htit from a website that has
p.155 Vocabulary Bank Shopping.
enough money? What did you do?
8 Have you ever (lose)
Where did you lose it? Did yoyouugretcritedbiatccka?rd?
sAosmk eobthoedryswtuhdoesnatyssqYueess, tIiohnav1e.. Trhyentoafsiknhdim or qhuerestthieonsism2p-l8e .past questions. Do the same for
V
G something, anything, nothing, etc. adjectives ending -ed and -ing
P /e/, /ou/, and !Al
Did you do anything on the
weekend?
No, nothing.
I didn't do anything.
1 LISTENING 3 PRONUNCIATION Id, loul, and IA!
-
b phone | C rn up |
H2o3w2l)d)idLihsetesnpetonda hnieswwsesetkoerynda?bout Steve.
Listen again and answer the questions.
21 What does Steve do?
egg
a What sound do the pink letters make? Write a, b, or c.
What floor was his office on?
3 Wprehsastehdatphpeeenlevdawtohrebnuhtetofnir?st
D Nobody knows where he goes.
How did he try to get help?
Whehweares?did Steve's wife think
How did he feel?
HeleovwatdoirdoSnteMveognedtaoyumt ornthineg?
7
Wdahyantoiws S? teve going to do every
c Ha saivmeiylaorue(xoprehraisenacney?oWnehyaotuhkanppoewn)eedv?er had
GRAMMAR
something, anything, nothing, etc.
words? Listen and check.
a s2t 3y3.l))CLanooykouatrtehmremsbeenrtethnecemsifsrsoimngthe
hI parpepsesneeddt.he button again, but _
The police couldn't find him _
They caclalemd ethaenedmreeprgaeirnecdytnhuemelbeveartaonrd.
D Somebody's coming to lunch.
D I never said anything.
D I've done nothing since Sunday.
D Don't tell anybody about the message.
D There's nowhere to go except home.
2 35i)) Listen and check. Practice saying the sentences.
2 36l)) Listen and answer the questions.
l)) What did you buy? 0othing. I didn't buy anything.
4 READING
Read the article once. What is the best summary?
a People who answered the survey have boring weekends. b People who use Facebook have more exciting weekends.
c People sometimes don't tell the truth about their weekend. b Read the article again. With a partner, choose a, b, or c.
b lie about their weekend.
1 The survey has shown that 25% ofpeople... a have very exciting weekends.
c go out on a Saturday night.
tChoimngpsle. te the rule with people, places, or
2 30% ofthe people they interviewed...
ab nhaeeddaevdetroygtoirtinogwwoerkeko.n the weekend.
fUosre some_thinB, anythinB, and nothinB
c didn't want to go out on the weekend.
Use somebod , an bod , and nobod
y
y
y
y
Some people don't tell the truth about their weekend because...
for _
ab theyrdroeanl'twweaenktentodmisavkeerythbeoirrifnrgie.nds jealous.
fUosre some_where, anywhere, and nowhere
c they forget what they have done.
Social networking sites make people...
► p.132 Grammar Bank 4C. Learn more
ab strpyentodmmaokre thimeier loinvetshseeceommmpuotreere. xciting.
apbraocutticseomtheetmhi.nB, anythinB, nothinB, etc. and
c be more truthful about their lives.
- c wDouyloduhtahvienskima siluarrvreeysuolftyso? ur friends, family, and schoolmates
WHAT DID YOU 13:f!1-,1 DO ON THE WEEKEND?
The next time a friend or co-worker tells you about their amazing weekend, wait a minute before you start feeling jealous - maybe they are inventing it all!
. I.
rn
SPEAKING
Look at the questions in b. Plan your answers. Answer
weekend sound more exciting.
them truthfully, but invent one answer to make your
wInhtiecrhviaenwsweaecrhyouhrepr awrtitnherthine vqeunetsetdio. ns. Try to guess
LAST WEEKEND
F•riDdaidy you go anywhere exciting on Friday night?
S• atDuidrdyaoyu do anything around the house (cleaning, etc.) on Saturday morning?
Did you work or study at all?
What did you do on Saturday night?
S• unDdidayyou go anywhere nice on Sunday?
What did you have for lunch?
Did you do anything relaxing in the afternoon?
VOCABULARY
adjectives ending -ed and -ing
tirinB in line 19. Which one describes how you
and
a Look at these two adjectives in the text: tired in line 13
feel? Which one describes things and situations?
A
survey of 5,000 adults has shown that one person in four invents details about their weekend because they
want to impress their friends. When they are asked,
b L2is3te7nl))a�nd chectkh.eHriogwhtdaodyjeocutisvaeyinthqeuaedsjteicotnisve1s-?10.
Do you think Sundays are usually bored / boring?
Are you bored / boring with your job or studies?
depressing?
What kind of weather makes you feel depressed /
"Did you have a good weekend?" they don't like to say that
5 they just stayed at home and watched TV because it sounds boring. So they invent the details. The most common lie that people told was "I went out on Saturday night," when really they didn't go anywhere. Other common lies were "I had a
0 romantic dinner," "I went to a party," and "I went away for
Why do you think the news is often depressed /
depressing?
What activity do you find most relaxed / relaxing?
weekend? Why (not)?
Do you usually feel relaxed / relaxing at the end of the
1 the weekend."
In fact, in the survey, 30% of people who answered the
rWeahdatreicsetnhtelym?ost interested / interesting book you've
questions said that they spent their weekend sleeping or resting because they were so tired at the end of the week.
Another 30% said that they needed to work or study on
15 the weekend. Psychologist Corinne Sweet says that people often don't tell the truth about their weekend "because we don't want to feel that everyone else is having a better time than us, if we have had a boring weekend doing housework,
paperwork, or just resting after a tiring week at work." She also
What sports are youinterested / interesting in?
Are you excited / exciting about your next vacation?
Wevehrawt'satchheemd?ost excited / exciting sporting event you've c mAsokreanindfoanrmswaetirotnheifqyuoeusctiaonn.s with a partner. Give
20 believes that networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter may be encouraging us to invent details about our social lives. "People can create an illusion of who they want to be and the life they want to live," says Corinne, "and of course they want that life to seem exciting."
7 38>)) SONG
If You Love Somebody Set Them Free ,n
AMiitii -
GRAMMAR
@ a, b, or c.
How long to stay in Turkey?
a do you go b are you going c you are going
I think rain tonight.
a it's going b it goes to c it's going to
They to get married until next year. a aren't going b don't go c not going
I to the movies after class this evening.
a go b am going c going go
A What time tomorrow? B At8:00.
a you leave b do you leaving c are you leaving
He's the man lives next door to Alice.
a who b that c where
A B
Is that the store sells Italian food?
a who b chat c where
yourbed? No,I'mgoing todo it now. a Have you made
B
b Have you make c Has you made
A Has Anne arrived ? No, but she's on her way.
a yet b almost c already
11 BA
already seen this movie! Let's change channels. a We're b We haven't c We've
been to Africa? No, never.
a Have you ever b Did you ever c \Vere you ever 12 A When those shoes? B Last week.
a do you buy b have you bought c did you buy
I've never this coat. It's too small.
a wear b worn c wore
There's at the door. Canyou go and open it, please?
a something b someone c somewhere
Complete with make or do.
the dishes
a mistake
an exercise
yoga
a noise
Complete the missing words.
Dinner's ready. Could you please s the table?
I'll cook ifyou do the d
\\There are the changing rooms? I want to tr o_ _ this sweater.
Ifyou want to take something back to a store, you need to have the r _
These shoes don't f me. They're too small.
The flight to Miami is now leaving from g 12.
Ifyou have a lot ofluggage, you can find a c over there.
First, you need to go to the ch -1 desk where you get your boarding pass.
International flights depart from T 2.
There are e to the second and third floors.
d @ the right adjective.
This exercise is really bored / borinB.
I never feel relaxed / relaxinB the day before I go on vacation.
4
It was a very excited / excitinB game.
Jack is depressed / depressinB. He lost his job.
5 Are you interested / interestinB in art?
PRONUNCIATION
a @ the word with a different sound.
15 I don't want to eat, thanks. I'm not hungry. a nothing b anything c something
VOCABULARY
a Complete with a preposition.
We arrived San Diego at 7: 15.
I'm coming! Wait _ _ me.
B
What did you ask , meat or fish?
A Are you going to buy the apartment?
I don't know. It depends the price.
How much did you pay those shoes?
I[ -1}JI just Monday something
� nowhere clothes worry
� search chemistry cheap
� customer center city
� jacket change enJoy b Underline the stressed syllable.
alrri vals 3 teen ag er 5 alrrangelment
olppolsite 4 de li ve ry
socks
go
choose nice yet
CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THIS TEXT?
Read the article. What were thieves stealing in
Sweden b) Denmark? Answer the questions below.
Where did the first robbery take place?
Who were the thieves and what did they steal?
Who helped the police to solve the crime?
How long does it take to get from Malmo to Copenhagen?
Why were robberies taking place in both cities?
Did the police catch the thieves?
Why is it easier to steal from many stores these days?
Why is it not a solution to ask Danish shoe shops to display the left shoe?
Look at the highlighted words or phrases in the text. Guess their meaning from the context. Check with your teacher or with a dictionary.
S
Shoe stores discover matching crimes
wedish fictional detectives like Wallander and Lisbeth Salander are famous worldwide. But recently
real life Swedish police were completely puzzled by a mysterious crime. Somebody was stealing expensive
designer shoes from shoe stores in Sweden - but not pairs of shoes, only the left shoes, the ones that were on display.
The first robbery took place in a shopping mall in Malmo,
Sweden's third-largest city. Staff at a shoe store saw two men stealing at their boutique. They escaped with seven left: shoes which - ifpaired with the right shoes - were worth $1,400.
In the end, it was store's salespeople who pointed the police in the right direction - to Denmark, where stores
traditionally display the right shoe in their store windows. "vVe noticed that left shoes were disappearing in the
past, but we never caught the thieves," said a salesperson. "Since we know that Danish stores display the right
shoes, we thought that the matching shoes were probably
disappearing as well in stores in Denmark." Malmo, home to 125 shoe stores, is only a 30-minute train ride away
from Copenhagen, which has several hundred stores, and many brands are sold in both cities.
Yesterday, police finally announced that they had arrested the men responsible for the robberies. But Ms. Johansson,
a Swedish shoe store owner, fears that shoe store robberies will increase this year. "Shoes are attractive to steal - they
Qi are easy to move and easy to sell and they have become very
( expensive lately. Also many stores have cut the number of
� CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THESE PEOPLE?
r2 39l)) On the street Watch or listen to five people and answer the questions.
Paul Gurjot Ellie Elise Justin
Paul went to the airport
a to get a plane to London b to get a plane to Frankfurt
C to meet a friend from Frankfurt
Tonight Gurjot is
seeing a movie
going to a Chinese restaurant
C meeting an old friend
Ellie ironing.
4
a hates b doesn't mind c likes The shoes Elise bought online
were the wrong size b never arrived
C were a beautiful color
5 Last weekend Justin a went to a party
bought a movie online
C relaxed at the beach
CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
Do the tasks with a partner. Check (✓) the box ifyou can do them.
Can you...?
D
D talk about three plans you have for next month using BoinB to, and make three predictions
say three arrangements you have for tomorrow using the present continuous
D explain what the following three words mean,
using expressions for paraphrasing:
a a thief b a shopping mall c a shoe
D say three things you have already done or haven't
done yet today
D ask a partner three questions about his/her
experiences using ever. Answer your partner's
�ro
0
C.
'Q
salespeople they employ."
Police in Malmo have thought ofasking Danish shoe stores to also display the left shoe. But this won't work. All the
thieves will have to do is move to Germany - where they also display the right shoe...
questions
and nobody
D say three sentences using somethinB, anywhere,
Short movies Shopping in the UK
■◄
VIDEO Watch and enjoy the movie.
Online Practice
G comparative adjectives and adverbs, as...as
V time expressions: spend time, etc. P sentence stress
Are we living faster?
Yes, we need to slow down.
1 READING & VOCABULARY time expressions
a Read an article about living faster and match the headings to the paragraphs.
b Read the article again. One paragraph contains an invented piece ofinformation.
D No time for Snow White
D No time to write
D No time to wait
D More time on the road D No time for Van Gogh D No time to stop
Which one is it?
Look at the higfilighted time expressions and guess their meaning.
In pairs, cover the text and look at the
�!!:We're living faster,
-----==--a.lut �ce we living better?
1
People in cities around the world walk 10 percent more quickly than they did twenty years ago. Singapore, a world business center, is at the top of the list for fast walkers.
2
In the US, there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for children. These are shorter versions of traditional stories, especially written for busy parents who need to save time.
3
People aren't as patient as they were in the past. If the elevator takes more than 15 seconds to arrive, people get very impatient because they think they're wasting time. It's exactly the same when an Internet page does not open immediately.
4
5
Written communication on the Internet is getting shorter and shorter and using more and more abbreviations, like BRB (be right back) or NP (no problem). Twitter only allows you to use 140 characters, and now a new social networking site has a limit of just ten words.
Even in our free time we do things in a hurry. Twenty years ago when people went to art galleries, they spent ten seconds looking at each picture. Today they spend much less time - just three seconds!
6
Our cars are faster, but the traffic is worse, so we drive more slowly. The average speed of cars in New York City is 9.3 miles per hour.
We spend more time than ever sitting in our cars, feeling stressed because we aren't going to arrive on time.
paragraph headings in a. Can you remember the information in the text? Have you noticed any of these things happening where you live?
Look at a questionnaire about living faster.
In pairs, ask and answer the questions. Answer with often, sometimes, or never and give more information.
QU ESTIONNAIRE
How fast is your life?
tDooopqeuoicpklley?tell you that you talk
pDeooypoleu agreet timalpkaintgie?nt when other
Amreeayltoimu tehse? first person to finish at
people who are walking more slowly?
yWohuefneyelofuruasrterawtaeldkiwnghealnoynoguaasrterebeeth, idnod
the doctor?
wDoithyouutgdeotiinrrgitaanbyltehiifnygo, eu .gsi.t, wfoaritainnghfoourr
Dif othyeorue wis aalkLinoeu?t of stores and restaurants
► Communication How fast is your life?
p.101. Read the results. Do you agree?
2 GRAMMAR comparative adjectives and adverbs, as... as
a Look at the following words from the text.
Are they adjectives, adverbs, or both?
quickly fast busy patient
SPEAKING
a Think about how your life has changed over the last 3-5 years.
Read the questions below and think about your answers.
Do you spend more or Less time on these things? Say why.
bad slowly stressed
�the right form. Check (✓) ifboth are correct.
Life isJaster / morefast than before.
working r studyi ng
gsetting to work / school
taitltkininggitnotrfarifefnicds bmeeinegtinognlfirnieends
scloeoekpiinngg sehatoipngping
usiingyour cpohmonpeuter
Traffic in cities is more bad / worse than it was.
4
Everybody is busyer / busia than they were five years ago.
We are more stressed / stresseder than our grandparents were.
'We do everything more quickly /faster.
People aren't as patient as / as patient than they were before.
► p.134 Grammar Bank SA. Learn more about comparatives and as... as and practice them.
3 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress
2 Do you have more or Less free time? Why?
3 LWikheattodhoanv'teymouorheatviemteimfoer?for nowadays? What would you
b Answer the questions with a partner. Whose life has changed more?
LISTENING
a You're going to listen to an expert talking about how to live your life more slowly. Look at her five main tips (= good ideas). Guess what the missing words are.
1 Whateveryou are doing, just try to and enjoy it.
a, as,
than
p TRheem!e'JImsboeurn! dUnstressed words like and
Example: _
2 Make a list ofthree things that are
for you.
have the sound /-;;i/, and -er is pronounced /-;;ir/.
Example: _
2 4ll)) Listen and repeat the sentences. Copy the
3 Don't try to do
at the same time.
rhythm and try to get the /a/ sound right.
I'm busier than a year ago.
My life is more stressful than in the past.
I work harder than before.
I walkand talk -faster.
I'm not as relaxed as I was a few years ag_Q.
Are any ofthe sentences true for you?
Example: _
Sit down and do for halfan hour every day.
Example: _
Be near _
Example: _
b 2 42>)) Listen and check. Then listen again and write one example for each tip.
c Are there any tips that you think you might use? Why (not)?
V describing a town or city
G supe latives (+ ever+ present perfect)
P word and sentence stress
Wthhiantk doifdRyio?u
beaItu'stitfhuel cmitoysIt've
ever been to.
1 GRAMMAR superlatives (+ ever + present perfect)
b
a Look at the photos offive US cities. What do you know about them?
Have you been to any ofthem?
Read the article. With a partner guess which city from a goes in each blank.
Travel survey gives its verdict on American cities.
city and it has the best musicals.
New York City is the dirtiest city in the US, says a is thseumrvoesytbsytytrlaisvhel website, Travel and Leisure, but it
According to the survey, travelers say that. ..
has the best museums.
is the friendliest city.
has the most aggressive drivers.
has the best architecture.
"Travel really can transform your life, and these are a few of the trips that can make it happen," says a Travel and Leisure editor.
is the cleanest city.
d bold
c Look at 1-5 in the survey in b. Think about your country or continent.
Which cities would you choose?
Look at the superlative adjectives in the survey. How do you make the superlative of... ?
a one-syllable adjective 3 a three-syllable adjective
a two-syllable adjective that ends in -y 4 good and bad
e ► p.134 Grammar Bank SB. Learn more about superlatives and practice them.
a bold
2 PRONUNCIATION word and sentence stress
Underline the stressed syllable in the adjectives.
What's the most beautiful city you've ever been to?
What's the most expensive thing you've ever bought?
\Vho's the most impatient person you know?
Who's the most generous person in your family?
\Vhat's the most frightening movie you've ever seen?
\Vhat's the most exciting sport you've ever played?
b
\Vhat's the most interesting book you've read recently?
·what's the most romantic restaurant you've ever been to?
A
2 44>)) Listen and check. Listen again and repeat the questions. Copy the rhythm. Which words are stressed?
c Work with a partner. answer question 1 with a sentence. B ask for more
information. Change roles for question 2, etc.
The most beautiful city I've ever been to is Rio de Janeir� �hen didyougo there?
READING & SPEAKING
a Read the article. In pairs, answer the questions.
What are the three tests?
Do you think they are good ones?
4 LIS TENING
New York City do in each test?
a w�h4a5t >h))aNppoewnelidstiennNtoewTiYmorMk oCoirtey.tHalokwinwg ealbloduotes
The shopping test
The photo test
3 What happened when he asked for more photos?
1 Who did he ask?
2 What did the person say?
3 mvVohsitchuncfirtyiednodlyyo?u think will be the friendliest /
b Listen again and answer the questions.
reputation for beingB
All big cities are unfriendly - or are they?
pTlaimces for tourists. Journalist
ig cities often have a rude, unfriendly
New York City, to
caintidesM, Looonrdeown,eRntotmoef,oPuarris, fiwnedntodurteisfstehdisasisatfruoree.igHne (tnouotrivsetraynsdciuesnetdifitch!r) etests thesefreiewnhdiclihesctiatyndhamdost tphorleitee tienshtsabwitearnet:s. The
1 The photo test
his hat, etc.). Did he find someone to do it?
Tjuismt aosnkeedphpoetoo,plbeuot nsetvhersatl r-eewtitho htaiskehahti,swpihthootout(not
9 Did anyone help him?
10 What did the man say?
8 Where did he use the accident test?
The accident test
7 Did he get the right change?
6 How many people did he buy souvenirs from?
5 What did he buy?
4 Where was the souvenir store?
c TImhaingkinaebyoouut uthseednethaeretshtrbeiegtceisttysttohewrhee. Wre hyoaut dliovey.ou
think would happen? Is it a friendly city?
5 VOCABULARY describing a town or city
Twhhienrek yaobuoulitvheo. Cwotmo apnasrwe weritthheaspeaqrutnesetri.ons about
Do you live in a village, a town, or a city?
Where is it?
How big is it?
What's the population? ,.
_,..""=::::::::::;;., ,1
The shopping test
Tsai mlesbpoeurgshotnstoomoemthucinhg minonaesyt.oDreidatnhdegpaevresothne
The accident test
Tcoi mmepraentdenhdeelpd htoi mf?all down on the street. Did anybody
What's it like?
give back the extra money?
► p.156 Vocabulary Bank Describing a town or city.
Write a
WRITING
p.114 Writing Describing where you live.
description of the place where you live.
b ►B
Communication The friendliest city A p.102
p.107 C p.110. Read about what happened in
2 49>)) SONG Nobody Does It Better�
London, Paris, and Rome.
AMiitii Ell
G quantifiers, too, not enough
V health and the body P IA!, /u/, /at/, and Ir.I
SPEAKING
a With a partner, answer the questions below.
I watch too
much TV. I don't spend
enough time in the sun.
READING & LIS TENING
Do you drink coffee? How many cups do you drink a day?
DIET & LIFESTYLE QUESTIONNAIRE
Read the article once. Does it change what you think about your answers to the questionnaire?
ofthe day?
How much time do you spend a day in the sun...? a in the winter
b in the summer
c when you're on vacation
Do you always wear sunscreen?
Do you play a lot of video or computer games? What are your favorite games? How much time do you spend a week playing them?
How often do you eat chocolate? What kind of chocolate do you prefer - milk, white, or dark?
How many hours a day do you watch TV...? a during the week
b on weekends
What kinds ofTVshows do you watch regularly?
1 What kind of coffee? What time do you drink your last cup
Read the article again. Look at the highlig te words related to health and the body. Match them to a picture or definition.
2
3
4
5
b Do you think any ofyour habits are unhealthy?
1
[I] 2 ____
3 _ _
noun it covers the outside ofa person's body
verb to stop something from happening
noun something that makes you unwell
adj feeling worried or nervous
Everything BAD
We all know that a cup of coffee helps to wake you
is @•I•l •l for you
COFFEE
hupelpins tthoepmreovrnenitngso, mbuet isllenveessraelssltikuedideisasbheotews tahnadt dParirnkkininsgonc'osffee
make you feel anxious or keep you awake at night.
edsisperaesses.oEdxupreinrtgs sthayetdhaayt, ybouut icfaynousadferliynkdtroinok mthureceh ccuofpfseeofit can
Spending a long time in the sun is dangerous
SUNLIGHT
sapnedncdainnggievneoyuoguhstkiimn ecainnctehre. Bsuutnoisnatlhsoe boathdefrohr aynodu, bneoctause
fsournslitgrhont gheblposneuss atondpraohdeuaclethvyitiammminuDne. Tshyisstveimta,manindisitiamlspoomrtankets spuenolpiglhetfebeelchaaupsepitehre. Nyowweaadrasyusn,smcraeneynpaellotphleetdimone,'tegsepteecinaollyugohn tahdeairyfwacieths.oHuot wsuenvsecrr,edeonni'st sapheenadlthtoyoalmonogunint,tahnedsnuont-at15mmididnauytes
You probably worry about how
COMPUTER GAMES
Bmuutcihn ftaimctesyoomueosrtyuoduierscshhilodwrenthwatatshteespelagyainmgecsocmanpuhteelpr guasmleeasr.n ibmrapinoratnadnttshkaitllsp. eItospeleemwshtohaotftceonmppluaytetrhgeammaerse sptrimobualabtley tbheetter
more than about two hours a day.
at soslvpienngdptroooblmemansyanhodumrsaikninfgroqntuoicfkthdeeccisoimonpsu. tBeurt-dnoon'tt
C SOl)) Listen and check. Practice saying the words.
d Now cover the text. Can you remember.. .?
PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING
rn | up | enough much none busy |
di | boot | few should too food |
� | bike | try diet little like |
j | egg | many any healthy water |
/JJ, /u/, /ail, and /£1
gwahmateiss good about coffee, sunlight, and computer
a Cross out the word with a different pronunciation.
what you need to be careful about
chocolate and watching TV could be good for you.
2 Sll)) With a p rtner, decide in what ways you think
Listen to a radio program and check your answers.
Listen again. Answer the questions.
Whatdoes chocolate have in common with grape juice?
Wforhyaotuk?ind ofchocolate is a) good for you b) not good
Hagoow? WarehyTiVs tsheirsiegsodoidfffeorrenuts?from the ones 20 years
What can we learn from reality TV shows?
b 2 54l)) Listen and check. Practice saying the words.
g hDaoppthieraarbtioculet aynodurthliefersatdyiloe?program make you feel
c Ask and answer the questions with a partner. Say why.
Do you thin k_,..,., ) ( .No� really. I only read school
a Can you remember how to use etc? In
3 GRAMMAR quantifiers, too, not enough
much, many,
pseanirtse,nccheo. oSsaey twhhe ycothrreeoctthweor rodnoerispwhrosnegf.or each
How much / many cups ofcoffee do you drink a day?
you read enou� �books, not for pleasure.
Do you think you...?
eat enough fruit and vegetables
read enough
play enough sports or exercise enough
I don't spend much / many time in the sun.
drink enough water
I eat a lot of/ many chocolate.
Drinking afew / a little grape juice can be good for you.
I only have afew / a little computer games.
My parents read a lot / a lot of
ehatvetoeonomuugchhffraesettfiomoed
work or study too many hours
spend too much tmimoneeoynolinnethings you don't need
1 Don't eat chocolate or sugary
LMoaotkcha thsoemboelsdenpthernacseessfirnom1 atnhde 2retaodminegaannindglsisAtenanindgB. .
hdaovteootomo umchanhyoculsoetwheosrk
too much toomany
snacks if you don't want to gain weight.
Don't spend too long in the sun.
2 Nowadays, many people don't get enough sunlight. We are not active enough.
A less than you need or than is good for you B more than you need or than is good for you
LWohoakt'asgtahienpaot sthiteiosnenotfences with enouBh.
get too much homework
b) with an adjective?
enouBh a) with a noun
about quantifiers, too, and not enouBh
► p.134 Grammar Bank SC. Learn more and practice them.
1 !j ROB HAS A PROBLEM
.,
The wrong shoes
2 VOCABULARY shopping
Do the quiz with a partner.
SHOPPING QUIZ
2 you the size?
1 What four letters do you often see in clothes that tell
Whatt'sdothtehenalemtteeorsftmhe rno?om where you can try on
Wclohtaht'esst?he name of the piece of paper a salesperson
gHiovwesdyooyuowuhseany ythouesbeupyrsicoemse? thing?
2 55>))
Watch or listen to Rob and Holly and answer the questions.
What reason does Rob give forwhy he isn't in shape?
Why does he find it difficult to eat less?
How does he keep fit in London?
Why doesn't he do the same in New York?
How does Jenny keep fit?
\,Vhat does Holly think about this?
vVhat does Holly suggest that Rob could do?
\,Vhat does Rob need to do first?
store= American English; shop = British English
,O Asnmeearkiecrasn=aAn dmBerriictiasnh EEnngglilsishh; trainers= British English
56 >))
2 Look at the box on making suggestions. Listen and repeat the phrases.
A Why don't you get a bike?
,O Making suggestions with Why don'tyou...?
B That's a good idea, but I'm only here for a month.
AB TWhhayt'dsoang'tryeoatu icdoema!e and play basketball?
• Practice making suggestions with a partner.
A You have problems remembering English vocabulary.
Tell B.
B Make two suggestions.
A Respond. Ifyou don't think it's a good idea, say why.
Change roles.
£25.99 75p $45 15¢ €12.50
57>))
3 !j TAKING SOMETHING BACK TO A STORE
a 2 Cover the dialogue and watch or listen. Answer the questions.
What's the problem with Rob's sneakers?
What does he do in the end?
meeting new people.
B You are a foreigner in A's country. You have problems
b Watch or listen again. Complete the You Hear phrases.
l)) You Hear You Say 0
Can I help you, sir? Yes. Do you have these in an eight?
!E1 ROB DECIDES TO EXERCISE
4
Just a � I'll go and check.
Here you are, these are an eight. No, thanks. I'm sure they'll be
Do you want to
them on? They're $83.94.
fine. How much are they? Oh, it says $72.99.
Yes, but there's an added Oh, OK. Do you take MasterCard?
sales tax of %.
Sure.
Can I help you? Yes, I bought these about half an hour ago.
Yes, I remember. Is there a ? Yes, I'm afraid they're too small.
What are they? They're an eight. But I take a UK eight.
Oh, right. Yes, a UK eight is a US nine. Do you have a pair?
I'll go and check. Just a minute.
I'm - � but we don't have these
in a nine. But we do have these and
a 2 Watch or listen and �the right answer.
59>))
Rob went to Boston / Brooklyn.
He shows / doesn't show Jenny his new sneakers.
Jenny goes running every mornin[J / evenin[J
in Central Park.
She wants to go running with him at
they're the price. Or you can have a refund.
No problem. Do you have
the ?
Brilliant.
a pair a pair of shoes,
I O A pair
Uh...l'll take this pair then, please.
Yes, here you are.
6:45 f 7:45.
Rob thinks it's coo early / late.
They agree co meet at 6:45 / 7:15.
Holly thinks Rob has / doesn't have
b Social English phrases.
a lot ofenergy.
Look at the Can
you remember any ofthe missing words?
We often use to talk about plural clothes, e.g.,
sneakers, boots, jeans, pants, etc.
c 2 58>)) You Say
Watch or listen and repeat the phrases.
Copy the rhythm.
d Practice the dialogue with a partner. e - In pairs, role-play the dialogue.
A You're a customer. You bought some jeans yesterday.
B
They're too big.
You're a salesperson. You don't have the same jeans in A's size. Offer A a different pair or a refund. You begin with Can I helpyou, sir / ma'am?
B
f Change roles.
You're a customer. You bought some boots yesterday. They're too small.
B
A You're a salesperson. You don't have the same boots in B's size.
Offer a different pair or a refund. You begin with Can I helpyou, sir / ma'am?
Social English phrases
Rob Have you a good day?
Jenny Oh, you . Meetings!
Rob
Can we
it a bit later?
Rob
Jenny Why _ you come with me?
, seven forty-five?
Jenny make it seven fifteen.
d
c 2 60l)) Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
Watch or listen again and repeat the phrases. How do you say them in your language?
a Can you...?
D
D make suggestions to do something
take something you have bought back to the store
D arrange a time to meet somebody
P 'll, won't
VG owpilpl oIswitoenv'te(rpbrsedictions)
myI'dmritvainkgintgest
today.
You'll fail.
1 VOCABULARY opposite verbs
a With a partner, write the opposites ofthese verbs.
3 PRONUNCIATION 'll, won't
3
Sl)) Listen and repeat the contractions. Copy the rhythm.
twuinrnon
buystart
re/membe__r _ _
I'll I'll be late I'll be late for work.
► p.157 Vocabulary Bank Opposite verbs.
2 GRAMMAR will I won't (predictions)
You'll You'll break You'll break your leg. She'll She'll miss She'll miss the train. It'll It'll rain It'll rain tomorrow.
3They'll They'll fail They'll fail the exam.
Look at the cartoon.
Which fish is an optimist? Why? Are you an optimist or a pessimist?
W�o.o\� HAL-F f'MP'f'r D'Ef'IN11'£&.4( t-\Atcl,.f"t-101C£EM' ----=: P{G.\TW'f'!t!
!
�
b
,�--�2
TolVVSoT&> I�A•$'L�l•>A'(S' THE �►'"f1"..11S..r.'
I
6 l)) Listen. Can you hear the difference?
:J clock | wane I want to pass. |
� phone | won't I won't pass. |
c 3 7l)) Listen and write six sentences.
A Pessimist Says
Look at the phrase book app. Read the You Say phrases. Then write the responses.
Pessimist Says
d A You Say
You won't find a parking space. You'll break your leg.
H1-t.2.eH:-fwa-oifln:'t pTahyeyyo'llulobsaec.k. YoTuhewyo'lnl 'bteulnadteer.stYanoud wa owno'trdp.ass. c 3 3l)) Listen and check. Repeat the responses.
e Pessimist Says
Practice in pairs. (book open) read the phrases. B (book closed) say the A responses. Then change roles.
Look at the A phrases again. Do they refer to the present or the future?
f ► p.136 Grammar Bank 6A. Learn more about
'!'Je're having the party
m the yard.
I'm taking my driving test this afternoon.
I'm taking my first skiing lesson today.
money.
I've lent James some
I'm going to see a movie tonight in English.
Our team is playing
g Imagine now that you are an optimist. With a partner
will / won't and practice them.
make affirmative predictions to respond to the You
championsh
in the
and Daniel at 7:00.
ip game tonight. =
Say sentences in the phrase book.
We're meeting Anna
8
l It'll be a great eveninf£.J.
the city tonight.
••• The Pessimist's Phrase Book
We're going to drive to
4 READING
Read an article about the actor Hugh Laurie.
What two things do Hugh Laurie and Dr. House have in common?
DTRV. GseRrEiGesOHRoYuHseO, UMS.ED, .,thise fmaamionucshfaorrabceteinr ginathe hit pHeusgshimLiastu. rBieu,ttihteisancotot rownlyhoDpr.laHyosuhsiemw, ihsoaispeaspsiemsistm, tisoto. .
sLuacucrieessn.eEvveer nthaofutegrhstethvaent Hseoaussoe,nsM, h.De. swtilal sfegeolsinpgetsosimbiestaic sahboowutnite. xHt ewseaeikd, tinheay'rllescaeyn,t 'iTntheartv'sieiwt. ,N"oIf wmeordeo.' aIt'lbl ajudst satoppla. nI eamto, dorfocpouornsem, ysohmeeaod,neif wnohtotoisdcaoyntshteanttlyomeoxprreocwti.n"g
TV show why he was so
will like it.
LisikpeaDssri.oHnoautesea, bLoautriteheisbalulseos.aHtaelerentceedntmlyuwsiecniat ntoaNndew Ofavrloeraitnes stonrgesc.oBrdutaonf acolbuursme,inhewdhoicehsnh'et tphlianyksth1a5t opfehoipsle
pessimistic about life, Laurie said it was because he is
When he was asked on a
Scottish. "I definitely think that's where it comes from."
tBaelkcatoushei mofahbisoruetppuotsaitiivoen tahsinakipnegs. sHimeissta, ypsetohpaltecaolwmpalyeste sutpra, nitg'lel rnsevcoermheaupppeton!h"im on the street and say, "Cheer
F
Read the article again. Mark the sentences T (true) or (false). Say why.
Hugh Laurie always thinks the worst will happen.
He thinks they will make many more seasons of
House, M.D.
He doesn't think his album will be successful.
He thinks that Scottish people are optimistic.
People often try to make him feel happier.
Have you seen any episodes ofHouse, M.D.?
Do you like.. .?
a the character b the actor
5 LIS TENING & SPEAKING
8 l))
3 Listen to the introduction to a radio program.
Why is positive thinking good for you?
Try to guess the missing words in these callers' tips.
Caller 1 Live in the , not in the _
Caller 2 Think thoughts, not negative ones.
Caller 3 Don't spend a lot oftime reading the _ or watching the on TV.
Caller 4 Every week make a list ofall the _
_ _ that happened to you.
Caller S Try to use when you speak to other people.
3 9 l)) Listen and check.
Listen again. Write down any extra information you hear. Which tips do you think are useful? Do you have any tips ofyour own?
Ask and answer with a partner. Use a phrase from the box and say why. Which ofyou is more optimistic?
ARE YOU A POSITIVE THINKER?
Do you think...
+ you'll have a nice weekend?
+ you'll pass your next English exam?
+ you'll get a good (or better) job in the future?
+ you'll get an interesting email or message from someone tonight?
+ you'll meet some new friends on your next vacation?
+ you'll live to be 100?
+ you'll get to the end of this book?
I hope so. / I hope not.
J) Responding to predictions
Probably (not).
I doubt it.
think so. / I don't think so. Maybe. I Perhaps.
Definitely (not).
__, , ) ( . ��
Do you think you'/� , , pe so. I think the weather have a nice week� �e good and...
AMiitii Ell
G will I won't (decisions, offers, promises)
P
V verb+ back
word stress: two-syllable verbs
GRAMMAR
will I won't (decisions, offers, promises)
a Lphoroakseast tahre?cartoons. What do you think the missing b 3 lOi)) Listen and fill in the blanks.
It's a secret.
OK, I won't tell
sLoomokebaot dthy.e.c. ?artoons again. In which one does
D promise to do something
D decide to have something
B
1 A T hat's two burgers, an extra-large order of French
Learn more about making
D offer to do something
p.136 Grammar Bank 6B.
offers, promises, and decisions and practice them.
► Communication /'II game p.102. Play the game.
PRONUNCIATION
word stress: two-syllable verbs
Stress in two-syllable verbs
p
Remember that most two-syllable verbs are stressed
on the second syllable.
Laroeotkhaeyt tshteretswsoed-soynll?abPluetvtehrebms bineltohwe.rWighticcholsuymllanb.le
l
algree alrrive borrlow comlplain deicide del pend forlget halppen imlpress injvent inlvite olffer pracjtice prelfer prolmise relceive re pair sunlbathe
fries, and two ice cream sundaes. Anything else? Yes, , please.
B _
2 A Do I want to go back to the previous version? Do I press Yes or No?
I need to do my homework now. when I finish.
1st syllable | 2nd syllable |
3 12 l)) Listen and check.
B
A
3 ! I promise!
A
Well, hurry up. I can't wait much longer. Just one more kiss...
anyone.
3 SPEAKING & LIS TENING I won't tell
a Look at the sentences. Talk to a partner.
1 When do you think people say them?
4 VOCABULARY verb + back
a
Look at the sentences. \Vhat's the difference between BO and BO back?
2 What do you think they all have in common?
I'll do it later.
I'm goingto work. I'm goingback to work.
I'll bpaycky.ou
anI'dll fcionmiseh tbhaecjkob
I'll text
We'll build new
b Complete the dialogues with a phrase from the list.
tomorrow.
shchoospoiltsaalsn.d
pcayl ymoeubbaacckk
sceonmdeitbbaacckk
gtivaekeititbabcackk
b Look at the title ofa newspaper article. Do you think it's another promise that people often break?
I'll never forget you
AB
AB
The shirt you boughtme is too small. and exchange it. I still have the receipt.
in 15 minutes.
Don't worry. I'll_ to the store
HI ci,aJna'tckta. Iltk'snmowe,, IK'marderniv. ing - I'll _
in about half an hour?
AB SChoeu'lsd aI tseluentchhenmowan. Cagoeurld? you
AB TNhoa, tit's'smnoytp.eItn'symouin'ree. using!
AB CItadneypoeundlesn. dWmheen5c0adnoylolaurs, Nick? ?
A iItb'sotuogohtbitgh.is jacket on the Internet, but
S
B Can't you ?
teve Smith from Devon in the UK met Carmen Ruiz-Perez from Spain 17 years ago when they were both in their 20s. Carmen was studying English at a language school in Steve's town, Torbay.
They fell in love and got engaged. But a year later, Carmen moved to France for work, and the long-distance relationship first cooled and then ended.
A few years later Steve tried to get in touch with Carmen again, a;
3 14>)) Listen and check. In pairs, practice the dialogues.
d
Ask and answer in groups. Ask for more information.
call back
\,Vhen someone leaves you a message on your phone, do you usually them immediately?
but she had changed her address in Paris. So he sent her a letter to
send back?
her mother's address in Spain. In the letter, he asked her if she was
�a..
�
�
Ifyou buy something online that is not exactly what you wanted, do you always
"CJ
i
married and if she ever thought of him. He gave her his telephone
f
number and asked her to get in touch. But Carmen's mother .:::. didn't send the letter to her daughter and it fell down behind the 2 fireplace, where it stayed for ten years...
c Read the article and answer the questions.
What were Carmen and Steve doing in Steve's town?
d
vVhy didn't they get married?
Why didn't Steve's letter get to Carmen?
3 13>)) Now listen to part ofa news program and answer the questions.
What happened .. .?
it
come back
pay back?
Have you ever lent somebody money and he or she didn't you
When you after a vacation, do
you usually feel better or worse than before?
give
back?
When you borrow a book or a DVD from a friend, do you usually remember to it
What about if you lend something to your friends?
If you buy something to wear from a store
and then decide you don't like it, do you usually take it back?
when the workers found the letter
when Carmen got the letter
when Carmen called Steve
when they met a few days later
last week
5 3 1s>)) SONG
Reach Out I'll Be There �
V
G review of verb forms: present, past, and future adjectives+ prepositions
P the letters ow
That means you're going to travel.
a
1 READING & LISTENING
Do you often remember your dreams? Do you think dreams can tell us anything about the future?
b 3 16 l)) Listen to a psychoanalyst talking
Listen again and fill in the blanks with a verb in the correct form.
Dr. Allen So, tell me, what did you dream about?
1
Patient I was at a party. There were a lot of people.
Dr. What were they ?
P They were talking and 2
to a patient about his dreams. Number the pictures 1-5 in the correct order.
Dr. And then what happened?
P Then, suddenly I was in a garden. There
a lot of flowers...
Dr. F4lowers, yes, yes... what kind of flowers?
P I really see - it was dark. And I could hear music -
somebody was the violin.
Dr. The violin?6Go on.
an owl, a big owl in a tree...
P And then 1
Dr. How did you
7 ? Were you frightened of it?
P No, not frightened really, no, but I 8 1 felt ve9ry cold.
Especially my feet - they were freezing. And then I _
Dr. Your1feet? Mmm, very interesting, very interesting indeed. Were
you 0 any shoes?
P No, no I wasn't.
Dr. Tell me, have you ever 11
P No, never. So what does it 12
this dream before?
, Doctor?
What do you think the patient's dream means? Match four ofthe things in his dream with interpretations 1-4.
Understanding vour dreams
You dream...
D that you are at a party.
0 about flowers.
D that somebody is playing
D
the violin. about an owl.
This means...
you are going to be very busy.
you're feeling positive about the future.
you want some romance in your life.
you need to ask an older person for help.
3 17>)) Listen to Dr. Allen interpreting the patient's dream.
Check your answers to d.
f 18l))
3 Dr. Allen is now going to explain what picture 5 means. What do you think the meaning could be? Listen and find out.
a Look at the sentences below. Whic one is the present
2 GRAMMAR review of verb forms
What time do they refer to? Mark them P (the past),
perfect? Mark it PP. Then look at the other sentences.
4 PRONUNCIATION the letters ow
e.g., window.
p PBerocnaurneifcualt: ioown ocafnowbe pronounced /au/, e.g., floweror /oo/,
PR (the present), or F ( the future).
D I was drinking coffee.
D Maybe you'll have a meeting with your boss.
D I saw an owl.
D You are feeling positive.
a 3 20 >)) Listen and repeat the two words and sounds.
I!
$owl 1
D You're going to meet a lot ofpeople.
D You work in an office.
b Write the words in the list in the right columns.
D I'm meeting her tonight.
dbloowwn bhoorwrowknborwownlowcrowded
D Have you ever had this dreambefore?
b ►youp'v.1e3s6tuGdriaedmimnaFrilbeasn1k-66Ca.nRd epvriaecwtiacellttheemve. rb forms
3 SPEAKING
Ask for more information.
a ►RoCleo-pmlamyuinnitceartpiroentiDnrgeyaomusr Apapr.t1n0e3r'Bs dpr.1e0a7m. b ICnhteorovsiewtwaopqaurtensteirownsitfhrothme eqaucehstgiroonunpa.ire.
REVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE
0
Wyohuerrcelodtohyeos?u usually buy Wwheeaktednody?ou like doing on the
Are you watching any TV series right now?
( t Are you studying for a n exam right now?
nthorwow shtowelshtoowwenr snow c 3 21 >)) Listen and check.
Practice saying the sentences.
Show me the flowers.
The town is very crowded now. Don't throw snow at the windows.
How do you know?
Can I borrow a towel for the shower?
VOCABULARY adjectives + prepositions
p SAodmjeectaivdejesc+tivperespaoresiutisounaslly followed by certain
upsr efuolstitoiolenas,rne.tgh.,eWpererepoysoiutiofrnigshwtietnhetdheofatdhjeecotwivle?sIt. 's
Fill in the blanks with a preposition.
1 Are you afraid _ the dark?
-. WDihdeyroeuddido yaonuytghoinogn evxacciatitniognlalsatstSyaetuarday night?
2 Do you think chocolate is good _you?
0 Wyohuedreoiwnge?re you at 10 o'clock last night? What were Wmoereninyogu? sleeping when the alarm clock rang this
Have you ever had the same dream again and again?
Is your town full_ tourists in the summer?
What is your country famous _?
At school, what subjects were you bad _?
Are you good _ dancing?
Do you often get angry_ your family? What ?
hHapvpeeynoeude?ver dreamed about something that then 8 Amreepreicoapnles.in your country very different _
yAereary?ou going to learn a new foreign language next wAreeeykoeundg?oing to do anything exciting next
the next World Cup?
DDo you think yitowurillcboeunsturnyn'systocmcoerrrotewa?m will win
What are you doing tonight?
Are people in your country nice _ tourists?
Are you interested _ politics?
Ask and answer the questions with a partner. Say why.
AMiitii Ell
GRAMMAR
Q a, b, or c.
She drives than her brother.
a faster b more fast c more fastly
Honies.new book isn't as good_ _ his last
VOCABULARY
a � the right verb or phrase.
I waste / lose a lot oftime playing games on my phone.
We spend / take a lot of time sitting in our cars every day.
Can you borrow /lend me 50 dollars?
I'm leaving tonight, and I'm cominB /cominB back on Friday.
3 Wtheompaesnt.spend___ time cooking than in
Write the opposite verb.
5 teach
a than b that c as
a less b little c fewer
5 This is Ben. He's teachinB /learninB me to play the piano.
1 buy 3 remember
4 Friday is day of the week.
2 push 4 pass
a the busier b the busiest c the most busy
b dangerousest
It's the road in the world. a more dangerous
c most dangerous
It's the hottest country I've been to. a never b always c ever
My sister drinks_ coffee.
a too b too much c too many
Tthheemseojneaenssizaerbei_gger?_ small. Do you have a too b too much c too many
c many time
Yhoomu hewavoernk't. spent on your ab teinmoeugehnotuimghe
They're playing really badly. They _
Write words for the definitions.
er (adj) full of people or things
s (adj) opposite of danBerous
n (adj) opposite ofquiet (for a place)
p
s (adj, noun) opposite of north
m (noun) a building where you can see old things
(noun) the place where a king or queen lives
m (noun) a religious building for Muslims
b (noun) you have 206 of these in your body
br (noun) the organ we use to think
sk (noun) it covers the outside of your body
Complete the sentences with a preposition.
My husband's always late. He's never time for anything.
Are you interested this TV show?
When I was a child, I was afraid dogs.
I'd really like to be good _ _ dancing.
the game.
a want win b won't win
11 AB DMoyne'xt awmorirsyt.oday. _
c won't to win
Eating too many cookies is bad_ you.
PRONUNCIATION
a @ the word with a different sound.
a You'll pass b You pass c You're passing �
A B
It's cold in here. the window. 1
too lose polluted much
a I close b I'm closing c I'll close
TinhIesytamnbetufl.or the first time when they _
14
2 �j\-
eat many healthy lend
a were living b are living c was living
BA YHeasv,eI you beetnotNo tehwe YUoSr?k last year.
A B
15 a 've been b went c was gomg
lot won't box doctor
b
s
shower now snow towel
today?
ab DIsosehse swhoerwkoinrgk
No, she's on vacation.
� receive castle mosque active
Underline the stressed syllable.
I c Will she work
1 imlpal tient 2 inl tereslting 3 in vent 4 pracltice 5 deicide
a
CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THIS TEXT?
b T
Read the text once. Does the journalist think music made him run faster?
Read the text again and mark the sentences (true) or
� CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THESE PEOPLE?
l))
3 22 On the street Watch or listen to five people and answer the questions.
F (false).
The psychologist says that all kinds ofmusic can help us exercise better.
3
He says that exercise is more fun with music.
4
Men and women prefer different music when they exercise.
Music helped Haile Gebreselassie break a record.
Most top athletes use musicwhen they run.
Music can help amateur runners to run faster.
The journalist chose his music for the marathon.
c
All the songs helped him run faster.
Look at the highlighted words or phrases in the text. Guess their meaning from the context. Check with your teacher or with a dictionary.
Can music really make you run faster?
C
ostas Karageorghis, a sports psychologist, calls music "sport's legal drug." He says that exercising with music can
improve athletic performance by 15 percent. The music must be carefully chosen so that the tempo or "beat" is synchronized with the exercise you are doing. According to Professor Karageorghis, music also makes you feel less pain and makes an exercise session less boring and more enjoyable.
Gym chain, Fitness First, recognizes the importance of music
Ian
Wells Jeanna Joanna Anya
\\Then
1 Three years ago Ian a retired
had more free time
2
was working part time
Wells talks about why he loves Paris, he doesn't mention _
a the scenery b the culture c the buildings
3 Jeanna junk food.
4
a eats too much b doesn't eat any c eats a little Joanna says her friends _
a a1·e mostly pessimists b think she is a pessimist c think she is an optimist
5 Anya often has bad dreams
a when she's having problems at work b after she's had a big meal
c when she's having problems with her partner
to workouts and plays music in all its clubs. The most popular song for male gym members is Survivor's Eye ofthe Tiger, while women love Abba's Dancing Queen.
Music works well with weightlifting, and other repetitive actions, but it can also help with running. The best example of this is Haile Gebreselassie, perhaps the world's greatest distance runner, who used the techno-pop song Scatman as a metronome when he broke the world 2,000 meter record. But if music was so important to Gebreselassie, why do other top runners never race with headphones?
Karageorghis says "Research has shown that for most top athletes m usic is less effective. Elite athletes focus more on their bodies, and less on outside stimuli like music." So although music can help amateur runners run faster and further, most top athletes prefer silence.
I decided to try running with music myself. I was going to run a half marathon, and a sports doctor gave me the perfect playlist
of songs for running. When I did the race, I found that some of
CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
Do the tasks with a partner. Check (✓) the box ifyou can do them.
Can you...?
1 D compare two members ofyour family using
2
adjectives and adverbs
D talk about your town using four superlatives (the biBBest, the best, etc.)
D talk about your diet using (not) enouBh and
too much / too many
D make three predictions about the future using
will / won't
D make a promise, an offer, and a decision using
will / won't
the tracks, like Von Kleet's Walking on Me, made running easier. Others made me want to throw away the mp3 player. When I crossed the line, I had beaten my previous personal best by one minute, but was it because ofthe music? To be honest, I felt it was probably because of the extra training.
Warren Pole in The Times
■VIDE◄O
WShaotrcthmaonvdieensjoCyhtichaegmoovie.
Online Practice
G
uses of the infinitive
V verbs + infinitive: try to, forget to, etc. P weak form of to, linking
1 READING & LISTENING
Look at the poster ofa well-known movie. Do you know what it's about? Have you seen it?
RooertDeNiro BenStiller
He finally met the girl ofhis dreams.
Too bad her dad's a nightmare.
With a partner, think oftwo pieces of advice for somebody who is going to meet his or her partner's parents for the first time.
Now read an article adapted from the website wikiHow.
Is your advice there?
What do I need to do?
It's important
not to be late.
How to ... Su rvive Meeting Your Girlfriend Js Pa rents fo r the First Time
It's stressful, but these top tips can help you to get it right...
Tips
8
with tohet mis. , it w l b sy c nve sation
0 yYoouu gnoe.eAdsktoyoduor girlsforimened"ahboomutewh eorrpka" beenftosr. e yWboahsukederetbdaholle?sDhoeryi mol uoehthaeveaer wanoyrkc?oDmomesoanh eionrtfeartehrsetrsL?ikIfe
yimpreossioj n. Doan't wearCa suit, but don't just ywoeuar
Make sure you dr ess___ _ the right
0 aBefirpsutnmceteutainl.gIt. 's very important late
0 bougr htldatetahnesflenad mthaerkeht.e Guevara T-shirt for
0
Wfathheenr'sthheayn dgrfeiremtlyyo(nuoatfatthhe dr Loikoerssahawkeeatkhe ghraenedtsinhgakhee!)r. mAsokmyowuilrlgpirrleffreier.nd what kin d of
8
aCsaklyl oh eu rtopacraelnl tths eMmr."aDnadvMe"rasn. d(S"mMiathri)au."ntil they
Read the article again and fill in the blanks with the
C, Bpaerreenatds ywill want
questionesvaebryotuhtiyn gouarbsoeulft! yHoeur
verbs in the list.
to manaskweertonsoatytotboeshte--ooow n(xo2t)tottoalhkave to know
3 23 >)) Listen to Nico meeting his girlfriend's parents for the first time. Does the meeting start well or badly? How does it end?
Listen again and answer the questions.
What does he do wrong?
What does he do right?
Do you think the advice in the article would be good for people in your country? Why (not)? Do you think the advice would be the same for a girl meeting her boyfriend's parents for the first time?
and your ambitions. Make a good impression!
thatyou are helpful).
gIfivyeoyuoaureanindvsitaeydsofomreatmhinegalp, oesaittievveearbyothuitntghtehey meal, liket"hTehdisisishaebssaoftluetretlhyedmeleicailo(us!' Offerthem
C,
aBsekyyoouurfsoerlfy, oaunrdodpoinni'ot nb,ebae"hyoesn"emsta. nH.oIfwtehveeyr,
f)
politics!
tisrny't the momaebnotuttocgoivnetryoovuersviaielwsus bojencrtesli-gitohnisand wIfhtahte conve_rsa, taisokntihsedmyiwnghaatnydoyuor upcaartnn'tetrhwi naks of
have a deep interest in their daughter.
lLiokveeatsaalkcinhgilda.bTohuist tishaeisrmchairltdtraecnt, iacn! Ad lilt psahroewnstsyou
Adapted from wikiHow
2 GRAMMAR
uses of the infinitive
a Match sentences a-d from the article with rules 1-4.
a D Ifyou do chis, it will be easy to have a conversation with them.
b D Offer to dothe dishes after the meal (to show them that you are helpful).
say,
D Ifthe conversation is dying and you
can't think ofwhat to ask them what your partner was like as a child.
D You need to do some "homework" before you go.
Use the infinitive...
after some verbs, e.g., need, want, etc.
after adjectives
to give a reason for doing something
after a question word, e.g., who, what, how
4 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING
>))
weak form of to, linking
3 26 Listen to two sentences. Is to stressed?
How is it pronounced?
I want to come.
He decided to leave.
p WLinhkeinnga wwoorrddsewnditshinthaecsoanmsoencaonntssoonuanndtasnodutnhde next word begins twoitghetthhersaanmdeonorlyamvaekrye stihmeilcaornssoounnadn, twseooufntdenonlicnek. tThheiswhoarpdpsens
/w'whaennt;:,a/ vaenrdbdeencdidseind /tto/ oisr /pdr/obneofuonrceetdo,/ds1o'saw1da;:intt;:i/t.o is pronounced
A B B
3 27l)) Listen and write six sentences. Then practice saying them. c Work in pairs. ask the first six questions. give as much
information as you can. Change roles for the last six questions.
H(oarvoethyeorupeevte)?r offered to look after somebody's dog
b
Look at the other infinitives you used to complete the article. Which rules are they?
► p.138 Grammar Bank 7A. Learn more about uses ofthe infinitive and practice them.
3 VOCABULARY verbs + infinitive
Without looking back at the article, try to
eDxo byoyftrhiei nd/itgiisrlfdriifefnicdu?lt to stay friends with an
Have you ever tried to learn something new and failed?
Do you think it is important to learn to cook at school?
Hthoewmloonrngindgo?you usually spend deciding what to wear in
Do you know how to change a tire on a car?
Do you think it's possible to learn a foreign language studying on
remember the missing verbs.
You _ to do some homework before you go.
Her parents will to know everything about you and your ambitions.
to do the dishes after the meal. ..
However, _not to talk about controversial subjects...
► p.158 Vocabulary Bank Verb forms.
Do part 1 (Verbs + infinitive).
your own at home?
Are you planning to go anywhere next weekend?
Would you like to work or study in another country?
Have you ever pretended to be sick (when you weren't)?
Horacvoenycoeurte?ver forgotten to turn off your cell phone during a class
Wtohyaotudrotoywoun?think is the most interesting thing to do for a visitor
► Communication How to... A p.103 B p.107. Read and retell two more How to... articles.
WRITING
With a partner, write a "How to.. ." article. Choose one ofthe titles below and try to think ofat least four tips.
How to...
make a good impression on your first day in your English class.
make a good impression at a job interview.
Online Practice Ell
-
G uses of the gerund (verb + ing)
PV tvheerblset+tegreirund
What's your idea
of happiness? Making soup.
GRAMMAR uses of the gerund
Talk to a partner. Is there a book, a movie, or a song that makes you feel happy whenever you read, watch, or listen to it? What is it?
Why does it make you feel happy?
Read a magazine article where different people on the magazine's staffsay what happiness is for them. Who do you think said what? Match the people to the paragraphs.
Tfaasshhioan, editor hReeagltinhae, ditor Smeubsiacsetidainto, r
[I[] ...making soup. I love using leftovers in the fridge. There's something magical about making something delicious out of nothing.
II[] ...sitting on the sofa on a winter evening with a box of chocolates, watching a feel-good movie, preferably one that makes me cry.
[TI] ... listening to Don't Stop Me Now by Queen. As soon as I hear it, I immediately feel like getting up and dancing.
·-
r�,�,.��,,
l¼} �\ _:
c
mKaotveie,
editor
fMoaordcoed, itor
Atrnadverel wed, itor
GI] .. .getting on the scale- and seeing that I've lost a pound even though I
Read the article again. Is there anybody you really agree/don't agree with? Compare with a partner.
Look at the highlighted phrases in the first paragraph. Find an example ofa gerund (verb + -inB):
after another verb _
after a preposition
used as a noun
.
► p.138 Grammar Bank 7B. Learn more about the uses ofthe gerund and practice them.
Write your own continuation for
Happiness is.
had a big meal the day before.
[I[] ... seeing my suitcase come out first at baggage-claim at the airport.
�
.. .finding a real bargain on sale. I'm still wearing a Prada jacket that I bought incredibly cheaply at a sale ten years ago.
Workin groups offour. Read the other
ideas ofhappiness?
students' texts. Do you agree with their
VOCABULARY & SPEAKING
verbs + gerund
► p.158 Vocabulary Bank Verb forms.
Do part 2 (Verbs + gerund).
Choose five things to talk about from the list below.
S• oymoeutdhoinng't...mind doing around the house
you loikveeddooininggwinitthhyeosuurmfammeirly
you dspoenn'tdfteoeol lmikuecdhotinimgeodnowinegekends
•• you are thinking of doing this weekend
don't like doing alone
you hdareteamdooinfgdoaitnwg ork/ school
ayotudothiningk you are very good (or very bad)
Work in pairs. A tell B about the five things. Say why. B ask for more information. Then change roles.
PRONUNCIATION the letter i
a Put the one-syllable words below into the right column.
SPEAKING & LIS TENING
a Ask and answer with a partner.
?
When you are happy do you sometimes feel like singing?
.
Do you ever smg....
in the shower • karaoke
in the car • in a choir or band
while you're listening to music, e.g., on an iPod
b T F
Is there a particular singer whose songs you like singing? Do you have a favorite song?
In pairs, say ifyou think sentences 1-7 are (true) or (false).
Singing is good for your health.
Ifyou want to sing well, you need to learn to breathe correctly.
People who sing are usually heavier than people who don't.
Not everybody can learn to sing.
You need to know how to read music to be able to sing well.
Ifyou make a surprised face, you can sing high notes better.
It takes years to learn to sing better.
3 32>)) Now listen to an interview with the director ofa singing school and a student who took a class there. Were you right?
Listen again. Choose the right answer.
When you are learning to sing, you need to correctly. a stand b dress c eat
Singing well is 95% .
a repeating b listening c breathing
mfinindd
gmiviess hingihghtkinrdightlikesitmislkin
Molly's class lasted .
thin time which win with
a one day b one week
Molly has always .
c one month
3 30
>)) Listen and check. Then look at the words in each column. \Vhat rules canyou see for the pronunciation of. ..
i + consonant + e (but which word is an exception?)
ind and iBh
i between other consonants
3 31
>)) Listen and check. Practice saying the sentences.
I miss spending time with my sister.
I like drinking a glass ofmilk at night.
a been good at singing b been in a choir c liked singing
fiish | � bike |
At first, the students learned to .
a breathe and sing b listen and breathe c listen and sing
At the end ofthe day, they could sing .
a perfectly b much better c a little better
Would you like to learn to sing (better)? Are there any tips from the listening that you could use?
5 3 33i)) SONG Don't Stop /vie Now�
P sentence satrleitstsle (bit), really, etc.
VG mhaovdeiftioe,rsd:on't have to, must, must not, can't
Y have the classes.
an exam.
haYvoeutdootna'tke
to come to all
1 GRAMMAR have to, don't have to, must, must not, can't
a Match the signs to the rules.
2 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress
b
a 3 36 >)) Listen and write the five sentences.
Listen again and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm.
a
D tYhoeumhoanvethtQ.. pay before the end of
D Ymiclon't have to pay to see this.
D ou must noti eat here.
READING & LISTENING
Do you think people from your country are good at learning
D beofuomreuysotiutucronmoefifny.our cell phone
lyaonugrulanegsu?aWgeh? y (not)? Are American people good at learning
D You can'ti talk here.
b Read about Max, an AcomokeraincainntjeonusrinvealSisptawnhisoh caonudrasnes. Twherenthceoqvuerestthieonarst. icle
1 WAmhaetrirceapnusthataioven?do
Wnewhastpeaxppeerrwimanent ttoddidoM?
Wleahryn dSipdaMniasxh?choose to
ax's
b Look a t the highlighted
expressions and answer No food
Wcouhresre?dHidohweltoankge wthaes it?
WdifhfaictudltidahboeuftinSdpeaansisyhan? d
the questions.
to be taken into
the library
What werree the frouulerst?ests?
You have to
tests in Puerto Rico and check your answerst.o Max taking the
\IVt ihsiachrutlwe.oTphherraes'sesanmoebalnig. .a.t?ion to do this.
Which phrase means... ?
c d3o3y7ou>)) tWhinhkicwh atesstthdeomyoosut tdhiifnfikcuwlat?sLthisetenasiest for Max? Which
It isn't obligatory or it isn't necessary.
Which two phrases mean... ?
It isn't permitted. It is against the rules.
Grammar Bank 7C. Learn morec
p.138
and can't and practice them.
about have to, don't have to, must, must not,
the school where you are learning English.
d With a partner, complete four sentences about
Lfailssteeninafogarimn.aMtioanr.k the sentences T (true) or F (false). Correct the
The waiter didn't understand Max.
The bill was six dollars.
The drugstore was on the first street on the right.
The driver understood the name ofthe fort.
Mvoiacxemadilemaegsrsaamgem. ar mistake when he left the
Max's final score was eight.
Ma maxonsathys. you can learn Spanish in
We have to... We must...
We don't have to...
We must not... We can't...
rCuolemdpoaryeouyotuhrinrkuliessthweitmhoanstoitmheproprtaairn.tW?
hich
A
I will survive (in Spanish)... or will I?
mericans have a reputation for being bad at learning languages, but is it really true? I work for a newspaper that was doing a series of articles about this. As an
experiment, they asked meto try and learn a completely new language for one month. Then I had to go to the country and take some "tests" to see if I could "survive" in different situations. I decided to study Spanish because
I would like to visit Puerto Rico and other places in Latin America in the future. If I go, I don't want to be the typical American who expects everyone else to speak English.
I took a one-month intensive course in Spanish at a language school in Washington. D.C. I was a complete beginner, but I soon found that some Spanish words are very similar to English ones. For example, ho/a isn't very different from "hello" and ingles is very similar
to "English." But other things were more difficult, for example the verbs in Spanish change for each person, and that means you have to learn a lot of different endings.
My biggest problem was the pronunciation. I found it very difficult to pronounce some letters in Spanish,
especially r andj. I downloaded sentences in Spanish onto my smartphone, and I listened and repeated them again and again.
---
When my course ended, I went to San Juan, Puerto Rico for a long weekend to take my tests. A Spanish teacher named Nilda came with me and gave me a score out of 10 for each test and then a final score for everything.
These were the tests and the rules:
� -�
; TESTS
4 VOCABULARY modifiers
I was feeling a little nervous at this point.
My pronunciation of the fort wasn't very good.
Complete the chart with the words in the box.
a little (bit) extremely fairly flet- vefy really vefy
Spanish is very d fficult.
not very
a little (bit)
p a little (bit)
slowly.
We only use before negative adjectives and adverbs, e.g., a little (bit) difficult, a little (bit)
sCootmhaptliettme tahkeesseantterunecessenwtietnhcoen. eCoofmthpearweowrditshoarppahrrtanseers.
I'm good at learning languages.
I'm motivated to improve my English.
English pronunciation is difficult.
English grammar is complicated.
I'm worried about the next English exam.
English is important for my work / studies.
5 SPEAKING
HEnogwliswhe?llWdohyo? u think you could do Max's four tests in
I thin k I could order a drin k and a sandwich fairly well�
Talk to a partner.
HAVE YOU EVER...
spoken to a tourist in English? When? Why?
, You have to...
had to speak in English on the phone? Who to?
'
,'.
1 order a drink and a sandwich in a cafe, ask how much it is, and understand the price.
What about?
seen a movie or video clip in English? Which? Did it
2 ask for directions on the street (and follow them).
' 3 take a taxi to a historical building in San Juan.
have subtitles? How much did you understand?
read a book or magazine in English? Which one(s)?
•
' 4 leave a message on somebody's voicemail.
'.
', RULES
asked for directions in English in a foreign city? Where? What happened?
used an app or website to improve your English?
you can't use a dictionary or phrase book you can't speak Engl ish at any time
Which one? ''
learned another foreign language? How well can '
you can't use your hands or mime or write anything down
-------y--o--u---s--p--e--a--k---i-t-? �
6 WRITING
p.115 Writing A formal email. Write an email asking
for information. Online Practice Ell
1 !j RUNNING IN
a
CENTRAL PARK
338l)) Watch or listen to Rob and Jenny.
At the pharmacy
2 VOCABULARY feeling sick
a Match the phrases and pictures.
What's the matter?
Are they enjoying their run?
D I have a headache. /'hcde1k/
D I have a cough. /bf/
D I have the flu. /flu/
D I have a temperature. /'tcmpr;}tJ;}r/ D I have a stomachache. / stAm;}ke1k/ D I have a cold. /kould/
partner.
b 3 39l)) Listen and check. Cover the phrases and practice with a
What's the matte� 0ave a headache.
3 !E1 GOING TO A PHARMACY
b Wquaetscthioonrsl.isten again and answer the
How does Rob say he feels?
What does Jenny say about Central Park?
Is Rob happy he came to New York? 4 What is Rob tired of doing?
What does Jenny invite him to do?
Hruonwarmouannydmthoerpeatrimk?es are they going to
a a3ns4w0>e))r.Cover the dialogue and watch or listen. � the correct
Rob thinks he has a cold / theflu.
The pharmacist gives Rob ibuprofen /penicillin.
He has to take the medicine everyfour hou1's / eiBht hou1'S.
4 They cost $16.99 /$6.99.
El
b Watch or listen again. Complete the
You Hear phrases.
>)) You Hear You Say 0
CGaonodI hmeloprynoinug?. Whsaytmaprteoymosu?r
Iw'melnl.oI ttfheineklinI hgavveeryflu. Iahnadvae caohuegahd. ache
Do you have a ? No, I don't think so. 4
1 DINNER AT JENNY'S APARTMENT
feel _
42>))
Are youaanlyledrgruicgsto? ibuprNofoen. It'll ma. kTehiysoius
Ip'menaiclliellring.ic to tHootwakmea?ny do I have
!E
a 3 Watch or listen to Rob and Jenny. Mark the sentences T (true) or F (false).
Rob broke up with his girlfriend a year before he met Jenny.
Jenny hasn't had much time for relationships.
every four hours. Sorry? How often?
Jenny knew that Rob wasn't feeling well in the morning.
in
hours, you
If youedvoenr'yt ffoeuerl bheotutresr.
OmKu,cthhiasntkhsa.tH?ow
Rob wants to go back to his hotel because he's tired.
5 Jenny is going to call a taxi.
should see a doctor.
That's $6.99, please. Thank you.
You're _
,O American and British English
Watch or listen again. Say why the F sentences are false.
3 43>))
Read the information box about have Bot. Listen and repeat the phrases.
,O IhnaBvreitgisohtEnglish, have got is sometimes used instead of have to talk
pharmacy= ABrmiteisrhicEanngElinsghl)ish (and sometimes
Ia'vbeougtoptoasbsuessysidoany.
tomorrow.
drugs = medicine in American English
chemist's = British English
American English
drugs = illegal substances in British and
the flu= American English
Have you got any children?
appendix
See p.165.
NYeos, ,I Ihhaavveen.'tI'.vIehgaovtena'tggirloatnadnya cbhoiyld. ren.
flu = British English
3 41
>)) Watch or listen and repeat the
You Say phrases. Copy the rhythm.
Practice the dialogue with a partner. e - In pairs, role-play the dialogue.
A (book closed) You don't feel very well.
Decide what symptoms you have. Are you allergic to anything?
B (book open) You are the pharmacist. You begin with Can I help you?
f Change roles.
Ask and answer with a partner. Use Haveyou BOt... ? Yes, I have. /
No, I haven't. Give more information ifyou can.
A any pets a bike or motorcycle a yard B any brothers and sisters a car a laptop
Have you got any pet5!.l 0es, I have. I've got two dogs.
Social English phrases
Look at the Social English phrases. Can you remember any of the missing words?
That isn't very for you. Thanks again for a_ evening.
Rob That was a lovely . Jenny I'm__ _ you're feeling better.
Rob m
I think I get back to theenhnoytel now.
Rob I'll be fine. JRob time.
Rob
3 45>)) Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
Watch or listen again and repeat the phrases. How do you say them in your language?
•
Canyou...?
D describe symptoms when you feel sick
D get medicine at a pharmacy
D talk about possessions with have got Online Practice •
VG
should
get
P /u/ and /u/, sentence stress
What
should I do? You should
talk to her.
1 READING
Talk to a partner.
Ifyou have a problem that you need to talk about, do you talk to a friend or to a member ofyour family? Why?
Do you think that men find it more difficult than women to talk about their problems? Why (not)?
Read three problems froma weekly article in a newspaper. Match two pieces ofadvice to each problem.
Tmoao cho to talk?
Are you a man who finds it difficult to talk about feelings and problems with your friends and family?
Send us your problem, and you will get
Read the problems and advice again. Look at the lhigihg ted verb phrases and guess their meaning.
Talk to a partner. Which piece ofadvice do you agree with most for each problem? Do you have any other suggestions?
advice from our readers.
Problem A
Three weeks ago, I asked my girlfriend to marry me - we have been together for 18 months. It was an impulse, but now I am having second thoughts. I am deeply in love with her, but is this too soon? Please help.
Problem B
My wife is running herfirst marathon in Orlando, Florida, and she really wants me to go and watch her. However, there is a business conference in New York the same weekend, and my boss would like me to attend. What should I do?
Problem C
My wife wants us to spend two weeks in Cape Cod, Massachusetts in the summer with her family, but I find her father really difficult to
get along with. Should I go and risk having arguments all the time or should I suggest
Our readers' advice!
-
1 This seems like an easy one go, but try to avoid him where
D
pgoestsiinbtloe,aacnodnvifeyrsoauticoann. 't avoid him, then just smile and don't
member to go with her instead?
D IWn hmyydoopni'nt yioonu, Isudgogne'tstththinakt sith'se wasokrsthamgairklfirnigenpdroobrlaemfasmaitlywork.
everyone else will already know.
D hYoonuessht.ouYlodu tdelol ynotrhawvifeethoolwikeyoheurffeaetlh. eBre. Ifpohlietereaanlldy, iasbdoifvfiecaulllt,, be
D nYootusfuerlet.itYowauscrleigahrltyaltotvhee tthiimseg,irblu, tafnodr Isothmienkreyaosuosnhnoouwldygooufoar yite. aIrgsottomgeatrhreiredthiasfyteerafro.ur months ofdating, and we celebrated 30
D hYeoru. sYhoouucldanbealtwhearyes. kMeeapybien tthoiuscihs awiothncceo-iwn-oar-kliefertsimoneymooumrpenhtofnoer.
thing. And don'tplan too much. Ifyou start booking restaurants
D nYowu swhohiuclhdnw'tildl goiavneyytohuintgimine atohbuerrsyu.reSeytoaud'raetdeo1i8ngmtohnetrhigsfhrtom
tahnedngcehtatinnggecylootuhresmfionrdt.he big day, it will make things worse ifyou
El separate vacations this year?
Adapted from a newspaper
2 GRAMMAR should
a Find and underline seven examples ofshould
/ shouldn't in the problems and advice in 1. Answer with a partner:
What do we use should for?
b
How do you make negatives and questions with should?
p.140 Grammar Bank 8A. Learn more about should and practice it.
PRONUNCIATION
a
/u/ and /u/, sentence stress
3 47>)) Listen and repeat the words and sounds. What's the difference between the two sounds?
5 VOCABULARY get
a
Look at three sentences from the lesson. Match the examples of [Jet with meanings a c.
a buy/ obtain b receive c become
getting
2 D
1 D Send us your problem, and you will get advice...
I fyou start booking restaurants and clothes for the big day...
►
b
3 D I'm getting really stressed about it.
p.159 Vocabulary Bank get.
c In pairs, ask and answer the questions with Bet.
1 Whoenwwasasittfhreomla?st time you got a present? What was it?
) for the movies / theater / concerts?
23 bWhoualtdwyeobusliitkeedto ygoeut uinssehifapyeou? Wwhanat dtoogyeotuttihciknektysoau) tsohotrualdvedlo?
·ti | bull | goo | d put | should would | |
� | boot | do | soon | true | you |
4 WIs hthoedroe yaonuybgoedtyayloonugdwonit'thgbeetsatlionnygowuritfha?mily?
b 3 48>)) Are the pink letters in these words sound 1 (/u/) or sound 2 (/u/)? Listen and check. Which consonant isn't pronounced in should, would, and could?
book could flew food foot look school
HHow dloonygoduogeestittouswuoalrlky /taskcehoyoolu??
gWehtaht'osmtheefrfoirmstwthoirnkg/ysocuhdoolw? hen you
yDoouyofuthenavgeeat lgoosotd? sense of direction, or do
Do you usually reply immediately?
gHeotwamday?y Aemreatilhseoyrmteoxsttlmy fersosmagferisenddosy?ou
c
d
3 49l)) Listen and write six sentences.
Listen again and repeat the sentences. Copy the rhythm.
e ► Communication What should I do?
A p.103 B p.107. Listen to your partner's problems and give advice.
a
4 LIS TENING & SPEAKING
3 soi)) Listen to someone calling a radio program called What's theProblem? What is the problem about? Make notes in the chart.
6 WRITING
a
Read two problems on a website. Write a response to one ofthem giving advice.
Goodadvice.com
Post your problems here, and you'll get advice from all over the world.
not a good idea to lend money to friends. What should I do?
Mmyonbeeys,tafrniednsdhweasnatysstosbhoer'lrlopwaysommeebmacoknenyextot hyeealpr.hBeurtbIu'my awcoarrr.ieI dhathvaettiht'es
caller 1 | problem | expert's advice |
caller 2 |
cMayrefroiefnhdeAr cnanta. YheastegrodnaeyaIwcaoyulodn'tvfaincadtione fcoarttwanoywweheekrse,. ManydfrIi'emntdakising hceomr?inWghhaotmsheoinuldthIredeo?days. I'm desperate. Should I call her now and tell
Compare your notes with a partner. What doyou think the man should do?
3 51>)) Now listen to an expert giving advice
p (LIatnhginuka/gedofno'rtgthiviinnkg) yadovuischeould... WYohuycdoounld't..y. ou...?
You shouldn't...
b In groups offour, read your responses. Whose advice is the best?
d
yours? Is it good advice? Why (not)?
3 52, 53>)) Now repeat for caller 2.
7 3 ssi)) SONG Why Do I Feel So Sad? �
Online Practice
and make notes in the chart. Is it the same as -
P linking
GV cifo+nfpuressinegnvte, rwbisll+ base form (first conditional)
lineIfsw, tehcishoannegewill
move quicker.alwaYyess,htahpaptens!
_I
� �
a
READING
b
Ifyou are waiting to check in at the airport and you change lines, what will usually happen?
Read the first two paragraphs ofthe article and check. Who was Murphy? Whatis his law?
c
Now look at the eight examples ofMurphy's Law in the article and match them with sentences A-H.
A your flight will be delayed.
IT ALWAYS HAPPENS!
quicktlo awnotthewr llinhe that is moevinng moure
If you are in a check-in line and you change
umbrellaI . Theselareaenxamyopulefsoof Mt urphy'es Loawu ,
y u thpinpk itn's goiung tkoeraoinulratuemr? Itewone't raauins,eof
wbeilfl ohraeyw, eillhsauifdydoeil ntlayasptpayretnm?oTvhinbgrli feallasytbeor.cWwehraet in
cours t will on y r i if rge to tak y r
D all the traffic lights will be red.
CB you wii ll sfipnidll acopfaferekinogn sitp. ace right in front of it.
which says, "If there is something that can go
will have a problem with his or her credit card.
wrong, it will go wrong."
Murphy's Law took its name from Captain
engineer from the 1 940s. He was trying to
G
d
thheeorer swhiell wbeillaahlryepaedryahcativve faivpea-rytenaerr-.old in the seat behind you.
Edward Murphy, a n American aerospace improve safety for pilots flying military planes.
H it will work when the salesperson tries it.
Do any ofthese things or things like this often happen to you?
GRAMMAR if+ present, will + base form
b laws can you remember?
a In pairs, cover A-H and look at 1-8 in the text. How many ofthe
Look at the sentences again. What tense is the verb after if?
aNlwotaysusrtphriinskininggly,ohf ethgeowt oarrsetptuhtinagtiothnaftocr ould
hmaoprpeeenxianmepvlesyosfitMuautripohny. 'Hs eLraewa. re some
If you get to the airport early,...1
AIR TRAVEL
D
2 D If you want to sleep on the plane,...
you . ..
SHOPPING
What tense is the other verb?
d
c ► p.140 Grammar Bank 8B. Learn more about the first
""�. � I
D If you are in a hurry, the person in front of
D If you take something that doesn't work
conditional and practice it.
In pairs, complete these Murphy's Laws.
Ifyou find something in a store that you really like, ...
Ifyou stop waiting for a bus and start walking,...
Ifyou call a telephone company help line,...
Ifyou leave your cell phone at home, .. .
Ifyou lose a glove and buy a new pair,.. .
� back to a store,...
DRIVING
D restaurant, . ..
56 D If youu'rpealraktea flonsgowmaeythfrinogmima portant,...
SOCIAL LIFE
7 D aIftyaopuaarrteyswinhgoleyoaundreyaolluy mlikeee,.t. .somebody
Do you have the same (or similar)?
-e Compare your laws with other students.
8 D If you wear a new white shirt or dress, ...
PRONUNCIATION linking
p SReoumnedmlbinekrinthgat if a word finishes with a consonant and
the next word begins with a vow_,ienl, wa ecaufseually link the
words together, e.g., we'll .....,eat,_.
.....,
marked words.l'11 tell her.
a 4 3>)) Listen and repeat the sentences. Try tO link the
1 If.....,I see her .....,
We'll go if.....,it doesn't rain.
The Svanstrom family
I f.....J.. get there.....,early, I'll .....,order the food.
They'lLarrive......,at.....,eight.....,if their flight's .....,on time.
If you aren't.....,in ......,a hurry, we can walk.
b 4 4>)) Listen and write five more sentences.
VOCABULARY & SPEAKING
confusing verbs
wear and carry?
What's the difference between know and meet, and
► p.160 Vocabulary Bank Confusing verbs.
@ the right verb. Thenask and answer with a partner.
Who do you look / look like in your family?
How many classes have you missed / lost this year?
Wyouhagtogoandgveatcsadtiooyno?u always brinB f take with you when
Do you think sports people win / earn too much money?
What is the best way to know / meet new friends?
Is it sometimes OK to say / tell a lie?
5 LISTENING
wWriothnga wpahretnneyro, uthairnekoonfvtahcraeteiothni.ngs that could go
4 6 >))
c Listen to what happened to Mr. and Mrs.
dSivsaansstetrrohmap. pMeanrekdtihneeirarcohuptleaocen?the map. What natural
Bali
Cairns
AUSTRALIA .Brisbane
Perth•
Aud<land
Match the words to their definitions.
Christdiun:h• NEW
ZEALAND
[]] amonsoon/mon1sun/
D an earthquake /1drOkwe1k/
D a tsunami /tsu'nomi/
D a 0clone /'sa1kloun/
D a blizzard /'blizdrd/
D a flood /flAd/
D a forest fire
/'brdst fa1dr/
Listen again and answer the questions.
How long did they have to wait at Munich airport?
What weather were they expecting in Bali?
\\There were the streets full of smoke?
A a very bad storm with snow and strong winds B a very strong wind that moves in a circle
C a big fire that can destroymany trees and houses D a very large wave in the ocean
E when it rains very heavily for three months or more
Where did they sleep in Cairns?
Win NhyedwidZtehaelaynfdly?to Auckland and not to Christchurch
Wstrhuactkw? ere theydoing when the Japanese earthquake
WDihdearneydtihdinthgehyagpopfenor the last part of their vacation?
Online Practice
F ownhteonththeesrtereisettsoormyuacrhdswater in a river and it comes
to them there?
G when the ground suddenly shakes very strongly
Do you think they were lucky or unlucky? Why? -
P sentence rhythm
GV apodvseserbssiovfempraonnnoeurns
Yboeumminues.t
bYeeyso. uI'rlls.
Girl
BY 0. HENRY
PART l
"I've found where she lives," said the detective quietly. "Here is the address."
Hartley took the piece of paper. On it were the words "Vivienne Arlington, No. 341 East 49th Street."
s "She moved there a week ago," said the detective.
"I can follow her if you want. It will only cost you $7 a day and expenses.. ."
"No, thank you," interrupted Hartley. "I only wanted the address. How much is it?"
10 "One day's work," said the detective. "Ten dollars."
Hartley paid the man. Then he left the office and took a tram to Broadway. After walking a short
distance he arrived at the building that he was looking for. Hartley rang the bell. The door opened.
15 He went in and began to climb the stairs.
On the fourth floor he saw her standing in an open
door. Vivienne was about twenty-one. Her hair was red gold, and her eyes were sea-blue. She was wearing a white top and a dark skirt.
20 "Vivienne," said Hartley, "you didn't answer my
last letter. It took me a week to find your new address! Why didn't you answer me? You knew I was waiting to see you and hear from you."
1 READING
You are going to read and listen to a short story. First look at the picture and answer the questions.
What do the people look like? What are they wearing?
Where are they?
In what century do you think the story takes place?
4 7l)) Read and listen to Part l. Then answer the questions with a partner.
\,\That did the detective give Hartley? What did he offer to do?
\,\That did Hartley do when he got the address?
What did Vivienne look like?
Why was Hartley angry with her?
Why do you think she didn't answer his letter?
Look at the following words and phrases in the story.
With a partner, guess what they mean.
rmaonvgetdhe(linbeel5l ()lineex1p4e)nscelsim(lbin(elin7e) 15tr)am (line 12)
4 8 l)) Read and listen to Part 2. Then answer the questions with a partner.
Whywasn't Vivienne sure about accepting Hartley's offer?
How did Hartley try to persuade her?
Where did Hartley and
Vivienne first meet?
What did Hartley think was the reason why Vivienne
didn't say yes to his offer?
\\That do you think Hartley wanted Vivienne to do?
Who do you think Heloise is?
We often use adverbs of manner i writing to show how
p Adverbs of manner
e
the characters are feeling, behaving, or speaking.
Look at the higfilighted adverbs. With a partner, guess what they mean.
PART 2
The girl looked out the window areamily.
"Mr. Hartley," she said slowly, "I don't know what to say to you. I understand all the advantages of your offer, and sometimes I feel sure that I could be happy with you. But, then sometimes I am less sure. I was born a city girl, and I am not sure that I would enjoy living a quiet life in the suburbs."
"My dear girl," said Hartley, "You will have everything that you want. You can come co the city for the theater, for shopping, and to visit your friends as often as you want. You can trust me, can't you?"
"I can trust you completely," she said, smiling at him. "I know you are the kindest of men, and that the girl who you get will be very lucky. I heard all about you when I was at the Montgomerys'."
"Ah!" exclaimed Hartley, "I remember so well the evening I first saw you at the Montgomerys'. I will never
3 LIS TENING
l))
4 10 Listen to Part 3 ofthe story. Answer the questions.
What did Hartley say about Heloise?
What did Vivienne promise to do?
l))
Who do you think the lady in the white dress is?
4 11 Listen to Part 4 of the story.
Who was the lady?
\Vho was Vivienne?
Who was Heloise?
Did the ending surprise you? Why (not)?
··•·
forget that dinner. Come on, Vivienne, promise me. I want you. Nobody else will ever give you such a happy home."
Vivienne didn't answer. Suddenly Hartley was suspicious. "Tell me, Vivienne," he asked, "is there - is there someone else?"
"You shouldn't ask that, Mr. Hartley," she said. "But I will tell you. There is one other person - but I haven't promised him anything."
"Vivienne," said Hartley, masterfully. "You must be mine."
Vivienne looked him in the eye.
"Do you think for one moment," she said calmly, "that I could come to your home while Heloise is there?"
4 9>))
2 PRONUNCIATION sentence rhythm
a Listen to the last five lines ofPart 2. What tells the speakers...?
where to pause
in what way to say the dialogue
p Reading aloud
Heloise, when she is telling the cook to leave. Include at least two adverbs ofmanner after said.
Online Practice
to focus on pronunciation, especially sentence rhythm.
GRAMMAR possessive pronouns
Look at some extracts from the story. Complete them with my, mine,your, oryours.
"Vivienne, you didn't answer last letter."
"I understand all the advantages of offer."
"Vivienne ... you must be ."
"My answer is yes. I will be ."
4 13 l))
► p.140 Grammar Bank 8C. Learn more about possessive pronouns and practice them.
Listen. Say the sentences with a possessive pronoun.
l)) It's my book. <;;!'s mine.
WRITING using adverbs
Make adverbs from the following adjectives.
angry lazy quiet sad serious slow
414l)) Listen to some lines from stories. Add an adverb from a after "said" to show how the person is speaking.
"I'm sorry, but I don'tloveyou," he said .
"Give me back all my letters," she said .
"I think... I have an idea," he said .
"Don't make a noise. Everyone is asleep," she said
"I don't feel like doing anything," he said .
Reading stories or poems aloud gives you the opportunity
"This is a very important matter," she said .
In pairs, write a short scene between Hartley's wife and
b ► Communication Reading dialogue p.103. Practice
reading the dialogue with a partner.
-
GRAMMAR
� a, b, or c.
1 I need some emails.
2
a to answer b answer c answering
The situation is difficult-
a for explain b explain c to explain
I don't know what _ a do b to do c that I do
I don't really mind housework.
a do b to do c doing
is one ofthe best forms of exercise. a Swiming b Swimming c Swim
bring our books tomorrow?
Do we have to
7
H ave weto c Dowe must
It's free. You pay.
a don't have to b must not c haven't to
You must your grandmother.
a to call b calling c call
You _ _ drink so much coffee.
a not should b don't should c shouldn't
I think you should to her about it.
a to talk b talk c talking
I fshe , she won't come back. a goes b went c '11 go
I fthey don't come soon, we them. a don't see b won't see c aren't see
Call me ifyou a taxi.
a won't find b don't find c didn't find
A Whose book is that? B It's _
a my b mine book c mine
She forgot his birthday, but he didn't forget _
a her b she c hers
VOCABULARY
Complete with a verb from the list.
enjoy finish forget hate learn mind promise try
Don't to turn off the light before you go.
3
I want to to speak Chinese.
5
4
Can you to make less noise, please? I to pay you back next week.
I really making cakes.
Do you waiting here until I'm ready?
My parents are very punctual- they being late.
When are you going to using the computer? I need it!
Complete the modifiers.
A How are you? B V well, thanks. And you?
I was ex lucky. I won $100.
She's a l tired. She needs to rest.
You're driving r fast! Slow down!
It's f. cold outside. You should wear a jacket.
got
Complete the get phrases.
g
2 et
1 We didn't have a GPS in the car, and we on the way home from Boston.
getting _
3
I'm always really hungry when I from school.
4 got
She was very sick, but luckily she's
get
We two for the theater to see a show.
6
5 I very well with my brothers and sisters.
Theywere married for ten years, but six months ago they got
7 I got a text from Carol. She says she's going to be late.
PRONUNCIATION
a @ rhe word with a different sound.
mine | find | right | give |
Wln | fit | child | thin |
choose | could | would | look |
should | impression | dictionary sandw | |
1 �
2 i
3 ·ti
a @ the right verb.
When did you know / meet your husband?
Did you tell / say Mark about the party?
4
�
5 earn
�
wear
learn
heard
ich
Ifwe don't run, we'll miss / lose the train!
I really wait / hope she's passed the exam.
My mother always carries / wears a lot ofjewelry.
• •
b Underline the stressed syllable.
1 preltend 3 relmemlber 2 imlporltant 4 salla ry
5 quijet ly
CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THIS TEXT?
Read the article once. What does Michael think is the main reason Americans aren't good at speaking languages?
Read the article again and check the reasons why, according to the writer, some Americans are bad at languages.
D Americans rarely travel abroad .
3
D English is an international language.
D Americans who live abroad often find the local language too difficult to learn.
D Americans who live abroad often don't socialize with the local people.
D Language teachers in American schools are not very good.
D Many American middle schools don't have foreign-language teachers.
D American children don't know enough about their own grammar.
D Americans don't want to waste money learning languages.
Look at the highlighted words or phrases in the text. Guess their meaning from the context. Check with your teacher or with a dictionary.
Why are some Americans so bad at learning languages?
Michael Reece has lived and worked in France for fifteen years.
l:ft ome Americans are bad atspeaking foreign Languages. It's
,a fact. In any city around the world, you can find American "'="tourists asking for the restaurant menu in English. At best,
they will try to say a couple of phrases they have Learned from
a phrase book, but they will stop making an effort the moment they discover the waiter knows a Little English.
I read a survey once that found that only 20 percent of Americans could speak a Language other than English in their own homes. So why is this? I think Laziness is possibly
the key factor. There is a general feeling among Americans that "everyone speaks English nowadays, so it's not worth
Learning other Languages." In multinational companies,
English is often the official Language of communication with the company. Also, Americans who Live abroad can always
find other American expatriates to talk to or to watch American TV with-all reasons for never bothering to Learn the Local Language.
The situation in American schools doesn't help. In I997, about 75 p ercent of American public middle schools offered foreign
Languages. Today, that number has gone down to 58 percent.
And even the few students who studyforeign Languages at
school don't have as many hours of classes as students in other countries. I think it is also a problem that American children
don't study English grammar anymore, which makes it more difficult for them to Learn the grammar of another Language.
� CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE PEOPLE?
4 15 l)) On the street to
Watch or listen five people and answer the questions.
Stacey Heba Ruth Ben James
Stacey thinks that happiness is having
a somewhere nice to live and a lot offriends b a lot of money and a close family
c a reasonable amount ofmoney and friends and family
Heba
a speaks a little Arabic and a little French b speaks Arabic and French very well
c speaks Arabic well and a little French
IfRuth has relationship problems, she talks to _ a her friends
b her mother
c her mother and her friends
Ben thinks people who have problems sleeping should _ _
a drink less coffee and exercise more b do physical work before going to bed
c drink less coffee and try to relax more
James thinks that Americans are bad at learning languages because
a they don't want to learn languages
b they find learning languages too difficult c they aren't interested in traveling abroad
CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
Do the tasks with a partner. Check (✓) the box ifyou can do them.
Can you.. .?
D talk about something you would like to learn to do, and someone you thinkwould be interesting
to meet
D talk about three things you like, love, and hate doing 3 D talk about the rules in your (language) school using
must and have to
D give someone advice about learning English using
should and shouldn't
■◄
D remember three of Murphy's Laws in English 6 D saytwo true sentences using mine andyours
Short movies Learning a language
VIDEO Watch and enjoy the movie.
Online Practice •
V if+ would+
G past, base form (second conditional) animals
P word stress
What would you do if you saw a bear?
I'd run away.
READING & SPEAKING
Read the quiz questions and answers.
Complete each question with an animal from the list.
bee bull dog jellyfish shark snake
c
Look at the higffiig 1ted verbs and verb phrases. With a partner, try to guess their meaning from the context.
Read the quiz again and@ your answers, a, b, or c.
e
d ► Communication Would you know what to do? A p.104 B p.107 C p.110. Read the answers to one section and tell the others. Did you all choose the right answers?
Have you ever been in any ofthese situations? What did you do?
GRAMMAR
if+ past, would+ base form
Look at questions 1-6 again. Are they about a past situation or an imagined future situation? What tense is the verb after if?
c
► p.142 Grammar Bank 9A. Learn more about the second conditional and practice it.
Complete the sentences so that they are true for you. Compare with a partner.
Iflhad five extra hours every week, ...
I would be very happy if...
Ifl could live anywhere in the world, ...
I would learn English more quickly if. ..
Ifl won a lot ofmoney in the lottery,...
Wou ld you know what to do?
We all love seeing animals on TV and in zoos. But some animals can be
dangerous. If you met one in real life, would you know the right thing to
do? Read about some common and some less common situations.
Would you know what to do?
In the city
What would you do...
. .. if a large aggressive ran toward you?
I would shout " down" at it several times.
I would put my hands in my pockets and walk
I would keep comp
slowly backward. letely still and look at it in its eyes.
3 VOCABULARY animals
► p.161 Vocabulary Bank Animals.
What would you do...
... if you were driving, and a
flew into the car?
18 l)) Listen. Which animals can you hear?
a I would open all the windows and wait for it to fly out. b I would try to kill it with a map or a newspaper.
c I would wave my hand to make it go out.
..
In the country
What would you do...
nearest town?
. . . if a poisonous _ _ bit you on the leg, and you were more than 30 minutes from the
I would put something very cold on it, like a water bottle.
I would suck the bite to get the poison out. c I would tie something, e.g., a scarf on my leg
above the bite.
What would you do...
... if you were in the middle of a field and a
started running toward you?
a I would run.
I would throw something (e.g.. a hat or a bag) in another direction.
I would shout and wave my arms.
,,
In the water
What would you do...
4 PRONUNCIATION word stress
p SStormeseswinorwdsoridnsEtnhgalitsha,ree.sgi.m, fiolarrainnimotahlse,ralraensgiumaiglaersto the saadmifefewreonrdtspliancoet.her languages, but the stress is often in
Look at the animal words below. Can you remember which syllable is stressed? Underline it.
gijraffe kanlgalroo lilon molsquijto
calmel crolcoldile dollphin ellelphant
4 19 >)) Listen and check. Are any ofthese words similar in your language? Is the stress in the same place?
In pairs, ask and answer the questions.
What's the most dangerous animal in your country?
Ifyou went on a safari, what animal would you most like to see?
What's your favorite movie about an animal?
What's your favorite cartoon animal?
Are there any animals or insects you are really afraid of?
Do you (or did you) have a pet? What?
Areyou allergic to any animals or insects?
Ifyou could be an animal, which animal would you like to be?
SPEAKING
Work in groups ofthree. Take turns choosing a question and ask the others in the group. Then answer it yourself.
What would you do...
... if you saw a mouse in your kitchen?
... if you saw somebody being attacked by a dog?
... if a bird or a bat flew into your bedroom?
... if you saw a large spider in the bathtub?
... iwf iatswfamaouvserfyorhsohtadrakyaatntadcykosu? were on a beach that
... if someone offered to buy you a fur coat?
... if you were in the ocean and a stung you?
a I would rub the sting with a towel to clean it. b I would wash the sting with fresh water.
c I would wash the sting with vinegar or ocean water.
What would you do...
... if you were in the ocean near the shore and you saw a ?
a I would swim to the shore as quickly and quietly
... if your neighbor's dog barked all night?
... ihfearfcraietnodradsokgefdoyrotuhetowleoeokeanfdt?er his or
... idfiynonuerwaenndthteo osromsheebgoadvye'syhoouu..s.?e for
a horse meat b goat c kangaroo
p Talking about imaginary situations
I
b
as possible.
would float and pretend to be dead.
I t(dheinfikniI'tdel(yp)rowboaublldyn).'.t. ...
c I would shout for help.
I don't think I'd...
Online Practice ••
P sentence stress
GV phreosbeianst apnedrfwecotrd+sfroerlateddstinocfeear
beeYnesa,fIr'avied of spwiadesras cshinilcde. I
1 VOCABULARY
phobias and words related to fear
Lsoomoke aptetohpelephicatvuerea.pHhoowbiamoafn?y things can you see that
Lexopolkanaat ttihoenns aAm-eEs. of five phobias. Match them to
Read the explanations again. Find in the texts...
the noun made from the adjective afraid
one adjective that means ve1y afraid
two synonyms for afraid _
2 LISTENING & SPEAKING
acrophobia 3 glossophobia 5 arachnophobia
agoraphobia 4 claustrophobia
A
D People with this phobia are terrified of spiders.
Rupert Grint, the actor who played Ron Weasley in
the Harry Potter movies, has this phobia, and so does his character Ron.
B D This phobia can have a severe effect on sufferers' lives.
These people are frightened of being in open and
public spaces like stores and busy streets. They often feel panic when they go out and only feel safe at home.
C D People with this phobia are afraid of being in closed spaces like elevators or traveling on the subway. This
phobia can make life very difficult for people who live and work in cities.
D D People who suffer from this phobia are scared of heights, and they get very nervous if they have to go
up high, for example on a ski lift or if they are on a balcony on the 20th floor
E D People with this phobia suffer from a fear of public speaking. They get very nervous if they have to speak
in front of other people, for example at work or in
class or at a conference. The actor Harrison Ford has
been afraid of public speaking all his life. He even
p4ho2b0il)a)s.LAisntesnwteor tqhureesetipoenop1 lfeotraelkacinhgpaebrsoount .their
1 | 2 | 3 | |
1 What is he / she afraid of? | |||
2 When did it start? | |||
3 How does it affect his / her life? |
his or her phobia?
Lpeisrtseonn.agWaihnicahndpearnsoswnedroqyuoeusttihoninsk2ias nmdo3stfoarffeeacctehd by c Ask and answer with a partner.
Wmohsitcihrroafttiohne aplh?obias in this lesson do you think is the
Wcomhicphlicdaoteydo?u think makes the sufferers' lives most
Dhoowydoiudoitrsatnayrot?nHe yoowudkoneoswithaafvfeecat pyohuorbliiaf?eWorhheins/hanerdlife?
My brother is really afraid of flying. He gets
has to make a speech.
It started about tenyears ago when...
.. gets nervous when a character in a movie he is making
very nervous before he flies somewhere.
GRAMMAR present perfect + for and since
Lthoeoqkuaetstthioisnse.xtract from the first interview in 2. Answer
"IH'voewhlaodnigt hfoavr eabyoouuth4a0dytehaisrsp.hSoinbciae?I"was 12 years old."
·when did she begin to be afraid of bats?
Is she afraid of bats now?
Win thhaet pteanssteadnod wisestuisllettrouetanlkowab?out something that started
Complete the rule withJar or since. Use with a period of time.
Learn more about the present
Use with a point in time.
p.142 Grammar Bank 9B.
perfect +for and since, and practice it.
4 22 l)) Listen and say the phrase withfor or since.
>)) 1984 0ince 1984
a
PRONUNCIATION sentence stress
4 23>)) Listen and repeat. Copy the rhythm.
fo�r tenI'yveeawrsor�ked hweorrekefodrhteerneyfeoarrtse.n years
sin�ce 2W00e2've�liveldivheedrehesrinecsein2c0e0220. 02
b
kn�own Hhoimw �long hhave you known him?
24>)) Listen and write five sentences.
SPEAKING
Name | ||
hlivavee | / a pet? How long / it? / a bike ? How long / it? | |
/ in a modern apartment? How long/ there? | ||
/ near this school ? How long / there? | ||
/ anybody from another country? | ||
know be | /How long / him (her)? oa faln of /a asocncer team? | |
/H awm ong er ofa ? or organization? How emmb f a ?club | ||
long / a ember / married? How long / married? | ||
WLohoaktaatrtehtehqeumesistsioinngs bweolrodws.?What two tenses are they?
Yes, Ido or Yes, I am co the first question, ask the second
Move around the class and ask other students. If they answer question. Try to find a different person for each question.
READING
Dpeoopyoleuwkhno whaovfeapnhyokbiinads?s of treatment for
RFe(faadlsteh)e. text and mark the sentences T (true) or
Thirty percent of people have some kind ofphobia.
Doctors have created a new drug to cure phobias.
Ithneeyxaproeseuxrepothseedratpoys, opmeoeptlheinlegarthnetyoarreelaaxfrwahidenof.
Exposure therapy is always successful.
rTehmeedmrubgeratfhfeicntgsst.he way people learn and
Tlohse sthtuediryfsehaor.wed that the drug helped people to
Scared of spiders?
T
Take this pill.
here are many different kinds of phobias, and they affect at least a quarter of the
population. But doctors believe thatthey may soon
have a cure. They have discovered that a drug, which is given to patients suffering from tuberculosis, can also help people to overcome their phobias.
The normal treatment for people with strong
phobias is some kind of exposure therapy. The most commonly used exposure therapy involves
gradually exposing people to the object or situation
that produces the fear. For example, if you have a dentist phobia, you might first sit in the waiting
room of a dentist, then talk to the dentist, and then sit in the dentist's chair. These exposures are combined with relaxation techniques.
However, exposure therapy does not work for
everybody, and doctors think that the new drug, which causes changes to a partofthe brain that is
used in learning and memory, could be used in the
future to make this therapy more effective. Michael Davis at Emory University School of Medicine in
Atlanta, Georgia did a study with 30 acrophobics - people who are scared of heights - and put them in a
glass elevator that appeared to go up and down. The people who were given the pill felt much less afraid then those who took a placebo.
d
could be used for someone with
Whigithhliaghptaertnwero,rgduseasnsdthpehrmaesaesn.ing of the What stages of exposure therapy do you think
a) arachnophobia b) claustrophobia?
Online Practice
G
present perfect or simple past? (2)
V biographies
P word stress, far/
VOCABULARY & PRONUNCIATION biographies, word stress, br/
a s4yl2la5bl)l)e Lisosotrkeastset hde? hLiigsltielnigahnteddcwheocrkd.s in the list below. Which
DEvenbtesbinorynour life
D mgeatrrm�asrorimedebody /
D go to college D get divorced graduate from college retire
D D
D have children D get a job D die
D goto elementary school D separate D fall in love
b
D go to high school D graduate from high school
Norudmerb. Cerotmhepeaxreprwesitshioanpsairntnwehra. tDyoouyotuhiangkreise?the most logical
� I
4 26l)) Listen and repeat the words and sound.
horse Iborn divorced four
Practice saying these words. Circle the ones with the br/ sound.
smpoorrets wwoerkar wfoorrlmd bnoerainrg scdoroer
woorrdse
+ consonant?
wo2r 7 >)) Listen and check. What rule can you see for words with
1�1 I�-�I
He and three of his brothers and sisters formed a band called The
Melody Makers, and they played at
READING
b
Ziggy Marley (ZM).
a Linotorokdautctthioenp.hHotaovseoyfoBuohbeaarnddtZheigirgmy Musaicr?leDy oanydourelaikdetiht?e Read ten facts about the lives of the two men. In pairs, decide
._2__,
their father's funeral.
___.
He had eleven children with several different women. However, he only married one of them, Rita Marley in
which five are about Bob Marley (BM) and which five are about
c Work in pairs. A reread the facts about Bob Marley. B reread the wonheast ayboouuctaZnirgegmy eMmabrelery. . Close your books and tell your partner
a
GRAMMAR present perfect or simple past? (2)
Answer the questions.
Lookat the five facts about Bob Marley. What tense are all the
1966.
�3�-�
�4�-�
He has been a musician since he was ten, when his father bought him his first guitar.
I5 I I��
He has lived in Miami for many years with his wife Orly, and they have three children.
He has won four Grammy awards for
his music, including Best Reggae Album.
verbs?Why?
I I I He injured his foot playing soccer,
Learn more about the difference
tLhoeorek?aWt thhey?five facts about Ziggy Marley. What three tenses are
�6 , and he later became sick with cancer. He died four years later at
p.142 Grammar Bank 9C.
between the present perfect and the simple past, and practice it.
the age of 36.
4 LISTENING
Lfaothoekraatnthdesophno, JtuolsioofanandoEthnerriqfuaem, wouhso are bWothho sdiongyeorus.tWhinhkati's mthoerire lfaasmt noaums?e?
1 Madrid 1975 --,
5 "Escape" 2001
Enrique Martinez --
"Enrique Iglesias" 199�--'
-�
7 100 million
to him.
Ythoeuinarfoe rgmoiantgiotno.lBisetfeonretoyoauraldisitoepnr, gougreasms wahbaotutthEencroinqnuec. tLionokisat
<;_,;!hink he was born in fvladrid in 1975.
d
4 29 l)) Now listen and make notes. Compare with a partner.
Dofothyeoiur ltahsitnnkaZmiegsg,yoarnbdecEanursiequtheehyaavreebgeeennusinueclcyestaslfeunl tbeedc?ause jDobo aysouthtehirinpkairte'snctso?mmon for children to want to do the same
a
5 SPEAKING & WRITING
Twhoniks aliovue taanndowldheorypoeurskonno,wa fwrieelnl.dPorerpaamreetmobaenrsowfeyrotuhre family, qoutheesrtiionntesrbeesltoinwgaibnofuortmhiastoiornhaebr oliufet hainmd toor theelrl .your partner any
He was born in a small village in
The past
The present
�17���
Jamaica. His father was a captain in the British army.
When/ born?
Where/ born?
What/ do after (he / she)
Where/ live now?
How long/ live there?
What/ do? (job)
�I B�-�
He was born in Kingston, Jamaica in 1968, and he was 13 years old when
his father died. His father's last
graduate school? (e.g., get a job, go to college, get married, have children, etc.)
How long...?
What/ do in (his/ her) free time?
words to him were "Money can't buy you life."
�I 9���
His music was very influenced by social problems in his homeland, Jamaica.
I
l10J With his band, The Wailers, he
��-� made eleven albums. His most famous songs included No Woman, No Cry, Three Little Birds, and I Shot the Sheriff
Do you think (he / she) has had a good life? Why (not)?
b
Iinftoe rmieawtioyno.uDr opayrotunrertwaboopuetohpilse/hhaevrepaenrsyothni.nAgsikn fcoormmmoroen?
I'm going to tell you about my grandmothe� 0hen was she born?
know or a famous person.
c ► p.116 Writing A biography. Write a biography of a person you
6 4 30 >)) SONG You're fv1y #l �
Online Practice
Getting around
1 !j HOLLY AND ROB IN BROOKLYN
2 VOCABULARY directions
a Look at the pictures and complete the phrases.
Turn ,
Go ahead.
Take the turn on the right.
Turn right at the lights.
b
Go around the and take the third exit.
4 32>)) Listen and check.
'0 American and British English
gBroitsistrhaEignhgtliashhead = American English; go straight on =
3 !E1 ASKING HOW TO GET THERE
Mark Rob's route on the map.
a 4 33>)) Cover the dialogue and watch or listen.
-@- A �,
A --{!r- B ine
sentences T (true) or F (false).
4 31 >)) Watch or listen to Rob and Holly. Mark the
Rob has just done an interview.
He is in a hurry.
He has another interview in Manhattan.
He has another coffee.
3-4thSt
B R O O K L Y N
Barbara calls Rob.
The restaurant is booked
for 7 o'clock.
0 American and British English
restroom = American English; toilet = British English
the subway = American English; the underground =
b F
British English
Watch or listen again. Say why the sentences are false.
Wphartacsheso.r listen again. Complete the You Hear
You Say Q >)) You Hear
!E1 ROB IS LATE...AGAIN
the subway?
GreenHwoicwh dVoillIaggeetotno How many stothpsatis?
OK. And then?
Go to the subway station at
Prospect Park. the
B train to West 4th Street. Six or seven.
AFrotrmaiWn,easntd4gtehtStreet takeatthe
B train to West 4th Street, and
14th Street.
Cotuhldatyoaguasiany?
Wrehsetareu'rsatnhte?
OK. From Prospect Park take the
oEighth Avenue, go _
tShterenetta. kTehatth'se oAntlryaoinnteo 14th _ Come out of the subway on
tankfeotrhaebout 50 yardlesfat.nTdhat's TGhreeernewsticahurAavnetn'suoen. the
a 4 35>)) Watch or listen to Rob and Jenny. Is the date
. It's called The Tea Set.
a success?
SeOeKy,otuhalantkesr..
And don't get _
b Watch or listen again and answer the questions.
c Co3p4y>))thWe �atchhomr l.isten and repeat the You Say phrases.
What excuse does Rob give for being late?
How long has Jenny waited for him?
What does Rob suggest they do?
d Practice the dialogue with a partner. e • In pairs, role-play the dialogue.
A sBuibswaat yPmroasp.eGctivPearBkd. Cirhecotoiosensa.dYeosutinstaatriot wn oitnh tGhoe to the
subway station at.. ..
B FhoavlleoawrrAiv'sed aret.cWtioenres,yaonudritgelhltA? which subway stop you f Change roles.
�ake the A train to... Then...
r
What does Jenny say that Rob could do?
Look at the Can you
Who is Rob interested in: Holly or Jenny?
Social English phrases.
remember any ofthe missing words?
I'm so__
Rob
Social English phrases
Rob I I'm sorry.
Jenny I don't want to here anymore.
Jenny I don't_ like a walk.
Jenny It's been a_ day.
Jenny I didn't to say that.
4 36>)) Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
D apologize
D gpiuvbeliacntdraunnsdpeorrsttaatniodndirections for using
D give and understand directions on the street
Can you...?
Wyouatscahyotrhleisteinn aygoauirnlandguraegpe?at the phrases. How do
Online Practice
G passive
V verbs: invent, discover, etc. P /J/, -ed, sentence stress
I think it was invented by a
woman. Are you sure?
1 LIS TENING
b
a Look at the photos. Five of these things were invented by women.
In pairs, decide which fiveyou think they are.
4 37l)) Now listen to a radio program about inventions. Were you right? Complete the sentences with the invention.
The was invented by Josephine Cochrane in 1886.
were invented by Mary Anderson in 1903.
were invented by Marion Donovan in 1 950.
was invented by Bette Nesmith Graham in 1956.
The was invented by Stephanie Kwolek in 1966.
c Listen again and answer the questions.
What happened after Josephine Cochrane's dinner parties?
What was the problem with cars in 1903 when it rained or snowed?
d
How many disposable diapers are used every day? 4 What was Bette Nesmith Graham's job?
5 What was special about the material Stephanie Kwolek invented? Which ofthe five inventions do you think was the best?
2 GRAMMAR passive
a Make five true sentences using the words in the chart.
The dishwasher Disposable diapers | is called | white-out today. by Marion Donovan. |
More than 55 million diapers | was invented | |
Ms. Graham's invention | are protected were invented | every day. by the bullet-proof vest. |
tPolice officers all over | are used | by an American woman. |
he world |
b
The dishwasher was invented by an American woman.
Look at the two sentences below and answer the questions.
An American woman invented the dishwasher.
\
The dishwasher was invented by an American woman.
Do the sentences have the same meaning?
In which sentence is the focus more on the dishwasher?
In which sentence is the focus more on the woman?
► p.144 Grammar Bank lOA. Learn more about the passive and practice it.
3 READING & VOCABULARY
verbs: invent, discover, etc.
a Match the verbs to the dictionary definitions.
base design discover invent
Did
you know. . .?
One of the most famous logos
was
by an American
It in th1e world is the Nike logo.
e.g., DNA was - in 1953.
2 verb to make something using something else
1 verb to find or learn something for the first time,
3 verb to draw a plan that shows how to make
as a starting point, e.g., This movie is - on a true story.
something, e.g., The buildinB was - by a Brazilian architect.
first time, e.g., Who - the bicycle?
b
4 verb to make or think of something for the
Complete the "Did you know... ?" text with the past
student, Carolyn Davidson, in 1971. Ms. Davidson was only paid $35 for her design.
However, she was later 2
C
a gold ring in the shape of the logo and Nike shares.
anned food was
3 in 1810 in Britain by Peter Durand.
participle of a verb from the list.
invent open play show use
base call design discover give
c Read the text again. One of the pieces of information is not true. Which one do you think it is?
PRONUNCIATION !JI, -ed, sentence stress
4 39>)) Listen and repeat the words and sounds.
Jl}.r�4: shower
dishwasher invention special wash ing machine
What four ways can you see for spelling the /fl sound?
Unfortunately, he did not also invent a can opener, so cans were 4
with difficulty using a knife and a hammer. It wasn't until almost 50 years later that the American Ezra Warner invented the
W
can opener.
hen people at toy company Parker Brothers were first 5 the
board game - Monopoly, they were not interested. They said it had 52 fundamental errors, including taking too long to play. However,
a few days later, the company president saw the game and took it home to try it. He stayed up until 1 a.m. to
Which one do you think is not typical? Go to the
Sound Bank p.167 and check.
How is -ed pronounced in these past participles?
based called crela lted delsigned dijreclted
Put them in the right column.
dislcovlered inlvenlted painlted prolduced used
finish playing it, and the next day he wrote to the inventor, Charles Darrow, and offered to buy it!
T
he modern game of golf was invented in Scotland
in the 18th century. It was
�•
'-•
originally only 6
1t dog | tie � | /id/ |
and was 7
by men, "golf" because
of the rule Gentlemen Only Ladies Forbidden. This is how the word golf
B
entered into the English language.
i/1'"2 <ib-Ti;
4 40 >)) Listen and check. Underline the stressed
otox was first 8 in the early ·1
1980s to correct strabismus (lazy eye) in children. The possibility of using it to make people's
syllable in each multi-syllable verb.
>))
4 41 Listen and write six sentences. Then listen again and repeat. Copy the rhythm.
SPEAKING
Communication Passives quiz A p.105 B p.109.
faces look younger was only 9 _ 20 years later.
T
he character Gregory House in the hit TV series
House, M.D. is 10 on Conan Doyle's detective Sherlock Holmes. Like Holmes, House uses his intelligence and knowledge of psychology to solve cases. House's relationship with his friend Dr. James
licence is 2218 Baker St., a direct reference to Holmes's address. C•t0it,iJAM3itii
Wilson is similar to that between Holmes and his
Make sentences for your partner to decide ifthey are
true or false.
friend, Dr. John Watson, and the address on his driving ..
GV sucsheodotlosubjects
P used to I didn't use to
1 VOCABULARY school subjects
44%
a Ranedadpitchteurresp.ort card and match the subjects
. SYruect I | Grade |
D art | b5% |
D□ fore-iqn /anquage-s (English, e-tc.) | 12% |
ge-g_graph0 | Bb% |
D histor0 | |
D /T (� information te-ch110/og0) | 50% |
D lite-rature- | Sr% |
D math | 42% |
D PE c�ph0sirnl e-durntion) D (tJ..h.y_sics, | 78% |
scie-nce- che-mistrlj, and big_/oq0) | bl% |
class
Be.!lavior
Laz0 and me-sstj. Talks a lot in
Did you use
to like elementary school?
2 GRAMMAR used to
b Read some extracts from
a Wrephoernt ycoarudwaetrtehaetesncdhof le,vdeirdyyqouuagrteetraor yoaura?lWwaeyres sthoeywutshueamllytogyooudroprabraedn?tsD? id
Could do Better,
negative?
raecpoollretcctaiordnso. Af fraemthoeuscopmeompleen'stsscphoosoitlive or
Yes, I did.
I used to have a great time.
l£-=::,!;, � d11...a.A...
S ke tllU1s+- -t-Y!j w
be- o -t-i
and Harry
. . wi+k. o+hev"s .
,' t
4 42 >)) Listen and check.
mPortihnercoefsPsriDncieas Wnailliam
He V'--"OIY be
S0 Vv1ewh 01t ec.c.e V\tri c..
pGoelitoicrigane, UBSuPsrhesident 1988-1992
Brades and behavior mean?
Look at the report card again. What do
. ·•
Doridhiygohushchavoeoal?nWy ohtihcehrssuubbjjeeccttsswinereeleymouen. .t.a?ry a good at b OK at c bad at
I was really bad at ma�
We use at after good and bad to talk about
p good at
at cook ing.
Io'murraebaillliytigeso,oed.g., / was really bad at math.
· �'··.--;·-,
Jack . .. C rJJ/1 Se/dOfM Iocate his possess io VIS.
. UJoS hPnresFid.eKnte1n96n0e-d19y63
Read the extracts again and match thJe
3 PRONUNCIATION used to I didn't use to
or HF.
JpKeo,ple to sentences 1-5. Write GB, L, PD,
p WPrhoennouwnecsinagy uusseedd ttoo or (didn't) use to we link the two words
a
didn't use to be very organized.
used to make the other children laugh. 3 used to be a little strange.
4 used to use very complicated vocabulary.
5
used to cry a lot at school.
Look at sentences 1-5 again. Does used to refer to ...?
l a the present b the past
2 a things that happened once
b things that happened repeatedly
► p.14us4edGtroammar Bank 10B. Learn more
together. They are both pronounced /'yust'di.
4 44>))
Listen and underline the stressed words. Then listen and repeat.
1 He used to hate school.
I used to be good at French.
They didn't use to behave well.
b
She didn't use to wear glasses.
Did you use to walk to school?
45>)) Now listen and write six more sentences.
4 LIS TENING
about
and practice it.
a 4 46 >)) Listen to six people talking about their memories of school. Write ✓ ifthey liked it, X ifthey didn'tlike it, and ✓X if
they liked some things but not others.
+-fe IS. . . � e,,{.c7'1..,v.,..---. ,·V\
CiO\SG ctnd VVO\� -te....s
of+\e.,r- pu.� I �• -hr'Y\e..
JmoushicniaLn,emnenmobenr of the Beatles 1960-69
1 D 2 D 3 0 4 0 S 0 6 D
b
Listen again and answer the questions.
Who... ? D didn't like being at a same-sex school
D didn't use to study a lot, but got good grades
D had a very good physics teacher
D hated playing sports
D liked one school, but not another
D used to read a lot at school
Subject: English
Hele� mus& Ula,,-fll
nf7'6 tc
c Do you identify with any of the speakers? Why?
5 SPEAKING
a Think about when you were in elementary or high school. Prepare your answers to the questions below. Think ofexamples you could give.
Did you use to.. .?
be disorganized or very organized • be a good or a bad student
be late for school or on time • wear a uniform
b A
get a lot ofhomework or a little • have a teacher you hated
have a teacher you really liked • have a nickname
Work in groups ofthree. tell B and C about how you used to be. B and C listen and ask for more information. Then change roles. Did you have anything in common?
( '. �;,ed to be very disorganized, for example
use sue4 /l.aw u� ta17u'lfe.,
HauethloernofFBireidlgdeitnJognes's Diary
�en left my books or mygym clothes at home.
6 4 47l)) SONG ABC�
Online Practice
G
might
V word building: noun formation P diphthongs
Are you going to the
party? I might go, but I might not.
Go to the party or ta in?
Come on! Make up your mind!
4 49l)) Adrian calls Tina later. What happens?
Underline the verb phrases in the dialogue with might.
Do we use them for... ?
1 an obligation OR 2 a possibility
and practice it.
► p.144 Grammar Bank lOC. Learn more about might
Take turns asking and answering the questions below.
..,
Use I'm not sure. Imi[Jht... and give two possibilities
each time.
,,ll ��
What are you goi�g ') ( /'n: �ot sure. I might go home or I
to do after cla� �tgo shopping. What aboutyou?
\,\That are you going to do after class?
What are you going to have for dinner tonight?
What are you going to do on Saturday night?
Where are you going to have lunch on Sunday?
Where are you going to go for your next vacation?
a
2 PRONUNCIATION diphthongs
4 51 l)) Listen and repeat the picture words and sounds.
1 GRAMMAR might
a Do you know anybody who is very indecisive? What is
b Look at the otherwords. Which one has a different sound? might here
b he / she indecisive about?
1 buy
�
smile
serious
5
� engineer
4 48 l)) Cover the dialogue and listen. What does
o�
Adrian decide in the end?
bike
since ear where
2
6
C Listen again and complete the dialogue.
fail key
bus Europe
Tina Hi, Adrian.
°O� may if sure
Adrian Oh. Hi, Tina.
T It's Alice's party tonight. You are going, aren't you?
A I don't know. I'm not sure. I might , but I might not. I can't decide.
T Oh, come on. It'll be good. A lot of Alice's friends are
train break tourist curious
$
know round
3 although 7 towel
� blouse south
going to be there. You might
A Yes, that's true ... OK. I'll go then.
phone won't owl borrow
I
4
8
T Great. Should we take a taxi there?
A No, I'll take my car... No, wait. It might
to park. Let's take a taxi.
near
there
wear
town
noisy
� enjoy
A Yes, I'm sure... I think.
C 4 52 l)) Listen and check.
T OK. What time should I get the taxi for? 9:30?
A Yes... No... Listen. I'll take my car. I'll pick you up at 9:00.
chair careful boy annoy
T Are you sure about that?
3 SPEAKING & READING
a mInoterreviinefworymouartipoanr.tWnehriwchitohftyhoeuqiusemstoiorenninadireec.isAivske?for
ARE YOU INDECISIVE?
Do•ywouhahtatvoe bpuroybwlehmesn dyeocuidgiongs.h..o?pping
what to ewaetaartwahreensytaouurgaontout
whaetretotodgooinoynovuarcfarteieontime
oDfotyhoinugosf?ten change your mind about things? What kind
Yes D No D I'm not sure
DDo you think you are indecisive?
4 VOCABULARY
word building: noun formation
p WNoituhnmfoarnmyavteirobns you can make a noun by adding -ion, dseiocnid, eo-+r -adteiocnis,ieon.g., imagine -+ imagination
sOethee(vr evrebr)b-+s cshigahntg(enowuhne)n you form a noun, e.g.,
Verb opt | Noun (+ ion, -sion, or -ation) |
decide | option |
imagine | decision |
inform | imagination |
elect | |
invite | |
organize | |
educate | |
confuse | |
Verb choose | Noun (new word) |
live | |
die | |
succeed | |
a With a partner try to complete the chart.
RAe-aEd. the article carefully. Complete it with sentences
And it isn't just in the coffee shop.
But if all this choice is bad for us, what can we do about it?
Buying a cup of coffee isn't as easy as it used to be.
People often think that being able to choose from a lot of options is a good thing.
Research shows that we feel happier when we have less choice.
Dfoolloywouinagg?reWe hthya(tntohte)?re is too much choice in the
b o n TV
a in supermarkets c in clothes stores
de in rceosftfaeuersahnotpss
b syl5la3bl)l)e Linisttheenvaenrdbschanecdkn. oUunndse. rline the stressed
_ . Years ago there were only two kinds of coffee caffeinated or decaffeinated. But nowadays when you go
into a coffee shop in the US you are given about twenty different options. Do you want a cappuccino, a latte, a caramel macchiato, an Americana, or a white mocha?
. In big supermarkets we have to choose between thousands of products - my local
supermarket has 35 different kinds of milk! When we are buying clothes or electrical gadgets, looking for a hotel on a travel website, or just deciding which TV channel to watch, we are constantly forced to choose
from hundreds of possibilities.
we are worried about making the wrong one. Then
when we choose one thing, we feel bad because we think we are missing other opportunities, and this makes us dissatisfied with what we have chosen.
4 • Professor Mark Lepper at Stanford University in the US found that people who tried six kinds of jam felt happier with their choice than those who were offered 24 jams to taste.
5 • Professor Lepper suggests that we should try to relax when we have to choose something to buy. "Don't take
3 • However, university these choices too seriously or it will become
researchers have discovered that too much choice is making us feel unhappy and dissatisfied. The problem is that we have
so many options that we get stressed every time we have to make a decision, because
stressful," he says. "If you pick a sofa from IKEA in 30 seconds, you'll feel better than if you spend hours researching sofas - because you won't know what you're missing."
Adapted from a newspaper
GRAMMAR b �the word that is different.
� a, b, or c.
Ifl a snake, I'd be terrified. a see b saw c seen
What ifa large dog attacked you? a you would do
will you do
would you do
I that bike if I were you.
a wouldn't buy b didn't buy c won't buy
I in this house since I was 1 2. a live b lived c have lived
We haven't seen my uncle a long time. a since b during c for
have you had this car?
a How long b How much c How long time
I married for 15 years. I got divorced in
2010.
a have been b am c was
When John P. Kennedy die?
a did b has c was
The dishwasher in 1886.
a were invented b was invented c is invented
The first book in the series was ten years ago.
Mona Lisa
a write b wrote c written
The was painted da Vinci. a for b by c to
When I was a child, I have very long hair. a useto b usedto c used
Jack like sports when he was in school. a don't use to
b didn't used to c didn't use to
I might Keiko a ring for her birthday.
1 butterfly goat fly mosquito
pig
3
4
2
sheep cow lion spider shark jellyfish whale scared afraid frightened fear
5 math grades history biology c Complete with a verb from the list in the right form.
base design discover fall retire
In the US, most people when they are 65.
I in love for the first time when I was 15.
Penicillin was by Alexander Fleming in 1928.
The Lord ofthe Rin[JS movies were on the books written by Tolkien.
1 k� _
The first Apple computer was by Steve Wozniak. d Write the words for the definitions.
a wild animal that lives in Australia
b an insect that makes honey
4
er a reptile that lives in rivers in Africa and Australia b a male cow
t very afraid
s_ _ a couple usually do this before they get divorced
r c
s a school subject that includes physics, chemistry, and biology
information you get from your school at the end ofeach quarter that says how you have done
a
PRONUNCIATION
�the word with a different sound.
1 � fear near we're bear
2 | � | phobia website |
5 | /yu/ | scared subject |
cow show homework
a buy b to buy c buying
15 Sue come tonight. She has to work late.
children spider might
a might no b not might c might not
1
there nervous wear
VOCABULARY
Make nouns from the verbs. elect
6
5 die
usually used confusion
Underline the stressed syllable.
gijraffe 2 eile phant 3 bejha vior 4 reltire 5 dejsign
3
•.
decide succeed
choose 7 imagine
4 orgamze
CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THIS TEXT?
!E1 CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE
sRweiamd mtheerasrfrtiocmle othneces.hHarokw? did the dolphins protect the
PEOPLE?
4, 54l)) On the street Watch or listen to five people
RoreFad(ftahlesea)r. ticle again and mark the sentences T (true)
T he swimmers were swimming close to the beach.
The dolphins were doing strange things.
tMwro. Hswoiwmems aenrsd.Helen were separated from the other
and answer the questions.
c acrophobia
Reed Joanna Jeanna Sarah Jane
One of the dolphins jumped out of the water.
Mtwro. Hgiorlws.es saw a big fish swimming around the other
Mto rh.eHlpowtheesmu.nderstood that the dolphins were trying
Reed has had --- for his whole life. ab agaocrhanphoopbhioabia
The dolphins stopped the shark from attacking them.
In the end, the swimmers were rescued by lifeguards.
bJoeacnanuasewould_like to see leopards in the wild a they have always been her favorite animals
9 An expert said that dolphins often behave in this way.
bc sthheysaretohneemobfethfoerwe ioldn ansiamfaarlisasnhdelhoavsend'tthseemn yet
your teacher or with a dictionary.
GLouoekssatthtehier hmigehanliignhgtefdrowmorthdse ocor nptherxats. eCshinectkhewtiethxt.
When Jeanna was at school _ a didn't like making friends
b she liked most subjects
c she didn't like math or science
Sarah Jane has been a teacher_ _
a since 2006 b for 6 years c for 16 years
b he loves its height, and the view from the top
Justin loves the Empire State Building because
LaifnedguHaerldenRoSblaHdeo,w1e6s, ,wheisredaswugimhtmerinNgicocvye,r1350, 0Kafreineta oCuototpoesr,e1a5,
aswt OamcetaonwBaeradcthheinmN. ew Zealand when suddenly seven dolphins
"inThceirycwleseraerobuenhdavuisn,garnedahllyitwtienigrdthlye,"wMart.eHrowwitehs tshaeidir, "tsawilsi.m" mOnineg d65olfpeheitnaswaaymfrtomwatrhdeMotrh. Herowtweos,aanndd Hwealsentr, wyinhgotwoepruesahbtohuetm
a thinks it's in exactly the right place
c it's one ofthe oldest skyscrapers in New York City
CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
cDaontdhoe tthaeskms.with a partner. Check (✓) the box if you
t"TowheanrdstuhdedeonthlyeIrstawwoagniroltsh. er huge fish swimming around me
wanhditHeeslheanr,k" .said Mr. Howes. It was in fact a 9 foot-long great
"hIet wreaasliozendlytahbaotutthesixdfoelpehtianws a"wy efrroemtruysin,"ghteoshaeidrd. Atthtehfaotuprooifnt,
Tuhsetosgheartkhtehr eton wpreonttetcotwuasr.d" the othertwo girls. Mr. Howes was
Can you...?
D say what you would do ba ayoduogwaotntatchkeeldotytoeury
Dc you had more free time
if...
reached the beach safely.
Fortunately, the s ark finally swam away, and the swimmers all
tBeurtritfhie d, eoslppheicnisalplyubsehceadutsheeofnoeuorfstwhiemsmweimrsmbearcskwtoagsehtishdear uagnhdter. cniortclteodtaerlol tuhnedtthhreemgfiorlrsaansohtahrekrw40asmsihnaurtiensg. tMhre. wHoawteerswditehcitdheedm.
I hav never seen them behave like that," said Mr. Howes.
"I swim with dolphins perhaps three or four times a year, and However, dolphin expert Ingrid Visser said that there have been
talk about how long you have... a lived where you are now
b had your laptop or computer
4 describe your life storyD
Dc been at this school
5 D
talk about when three things were invented or built
D wtaelkreaabocuhtiltdhree things you used to do when you
sowthimermrerpso. rSthsefrsoamid atrhoautn, idn tthheiswcaosreld, tahbeoudtoldpohlpinhsinpsropbroabtelycsteinngsed
6 say three things youmight do next week
Short movies Marwell Wildlife
. . ... .
the humans were in danger and took action to protect them.
:;. . . -
■◄
VIDEO Watch and enjoy the movie.
Online Practice .•
P sports
GV expre ,seinxgprmeossvienmg emnotvement
tWhehberaell dgiod?
oveItrwtheentbar.
1 PRONUNCIATION & SPEAKING sports
What sports can you see in the photos?
4 SS i)) Look at the sports in the list. How do you pronounce them in English? Listen and check, and underline the stressed syllable. Do you know the names of any other sports in English?
l
golf handlball hoickey rug by solccer skiling
aulto ralcing baselball baslketlball boxling cylcling
telnnis track and field vollleylball windlsurlfing
V1 eWrbes wusiteh sports
p
at schoopll.ay for sports with a ball, e.g., / play baseball
3 +Wesport,use e.g., / go cycling on the weeok enntdh.e week end,
2 Wweithussupaolrlytsuesnedtihneg vine-ribn,ge.(gcy., c/ lcinygc,leskiing, windsurfingo, regtco.),
twice a week.
do for martial arts, yoga, Pilates, etc., e.g., / do yoga
c
Ask and answer with a partner. Give and ask for as much information as you can.
SPORTS - YOU LOVE THEM OR YOU HATE THEM.
D D
Do you do exercise or play any sports?
DidYyeosu. uWsehatot?eDxoerycoisueeonrjopylaiyt?any spoNrot.sW? Whyhynodtid? you stop?
Which sportts do youu think are the most bexocriintign?g to watch?
WArheicyhouon(oer?is anyone in your family) a fan of a sports team?
2 VOCABULARY
sports, expressing movement
Put these words in the correct column. Do you know any other words connected to these sports?
bpuenakletry csoerrnveer throalcek lane lap match point
golf | soccer | tennis | track and field |
l))
56 Listen to the sports commentaries. What are the four sports?
Listen again and complete the sentences with one word. Then match sentences 1-4 with pictures a d.
1 D The ball has gone the lake. 2 D The ball has gone the bar.
0 Now they have to run the track one
more time.
0 That's a very hard return, but the ball has gone !
d ► p.162 Vocabulary Bank Expressing movement.
-• WDohyaot uis(tohrethmeoys) tweaxtcchititnhgesirpgoartminegse? vent you have ever seen?
GRAMMAR expressing movement
Complete the sentences with a verb from the list.
hit kick run throw
wInitbhasakbeatsbkaellt.you have to the ball through a ring
In soccer you have to the ball into a goal.
In tennis you have co___ the ball over a net.
In an 800-meter race you have to twice around the track.
Lveorobks ayot tuhceosuelndtepnucteinbethloewb.lTanr yk,toe.gth.,iwnaklokfedth. ree different
The man __ along the street until he got to the corner.
movement and practice it.
► p.146 Grammar Bank llA. Learn more about expressing
Look at the photos in 1. Say what the people are doing.
0's hitting the ball over the net.
READING & SPEAKING
Wdohyeonuyroeuacptliafyyaosuplosrte?orAaregaymoue awgitohodfaomriblyadorlofsrieern? dAsr, ehaonwy
he hardest lesson to learn in sports is how to lose with dignity, without blaming your defeat
T
on the referees or refusing to shake hands with your opponent. Here are some famous moments when losing wasjust too hard...
but McEnroe thought it was 2 . He became
sIner1v9in8g1.aTthWe uimmbpilreedsoanidatyhoautnhgisJsoehrnveMwcEansr1oe was�
fuumrpioirues.aHnedaslhsouctaellded"Ytohue CuAmNpNirOeT"abneisnecroiomupse!"teanttthfeool!" 1In0t0h-me e2t0e0r3ruTnrancekr. aJonnd DFrieulmd mWoonrdld, wCahsadmispqiouanlsifiheipdsftohre
of your family members or friends bad losers?
a false start. Drummond lay 3 on the track and
Read the textand answer with a name. Which ofthebad losers...?
insulted the match official
did not want to do his job after the match
became very emotional when he couldn't take part
tried to hit somebody
said sorry after the event
Rpreeapdotshiteiotenxstiangtahienlaisntd. fill in the blanks with the
down in out out of (x2) past
rLeolaotkedatttohsephoirgfits.liWghithdawpoarrdtnseirngtuhestsexthtetihramt aeraenainllg. e [n pairs answer the questions.
Who do you think was the worst loser?
Whose behavior do you think was understandable?
Do you know any famous sportspeople who are bad losers?
WRITING
b"Heeg'asnstoill cryy.iTnwg.oWheo'urersml akeinr ghihsicmodacrihnktowldajtoerurbneacliasutse:
jumped 5_ his car and started trying to hit and
he's becoming dehydrated."
wIninthnein1g9t8h2e Graecrem. Haen wGraasntdryPinrgixtNo eplassosnEPliisqeuoetSwalaszar 4(who washlaimst, ainntdhPeiqrauceet)c, brausthSeadlainztaor Sdaidlanz'talre. tPhiqimuegto
kick Salazar (without much success!).
an Italian club.
tShoeugtohaKl othraetasnesnotcItcaelyr 6player AhthneJ u2n0g0-2HWwoarnldsCcourped wfohretnhethIteaylibaenastotchceemr c2lu-b1. PBeurtujguinag. -AHfwtearnthaelsmo aptlacyhed tthatptrheesipdleanytero'sf tchoentcrlaucbt, LwuocuialdnonoGtabueccrei,naenwnoeudn. "cTehdat sgaeindt. l"eImhavnewnioll ninetveenrtsioent foofoptaiyninPgerausgaialaarygation,s"oGmaeubcocdi y wbuhtoAhhansjruunign-eHdwItaanlialenfstotchceecr.l"uGb ancdcni elavterrwapeonltobgaizcekdt,o
in 2003 by beating
When England won the Rugby WAuosrtlrdalCiauipn the last minute of
TTaVl k? Wto haypa(nrtont)e?r. Do you think there is too much soccer on
tmhienimstaetrc, hjo, hthneHAouwsatrradl,iawnaPs rsiome
sports shows on TV, and then write one.
► p.117 Writing An opinion essay. Read a model essay about
4 s9>)) SONG The Final Countdown �
ahnegarlymtohsatttihnrtehwetmhe dmaelsdcaelsreatmtohney Ednegsclirsihbepdlabyyerasj. oHuisrnbaelihsatvaisorbweiansg "bLirikthedaanyupnahrtayppwyhfiovset-ayretasrt-horldoawtinag
toys around."
Adapted from a newspaper Online Practice
VG word order of phrasal verbs
thWinhgayt'osuthdeo fwirhsetn
P plinhrkainsgal verbs
you wake up?
1 SPEAKING & READING
Answer the questions with a partner.
What time do you wake up during the week?
Do you use an alarm clock to wake up? If not, what makes you wake up?
Do you get up immediately after you wake up?
When you first get up do you feel...? a awful
b a little sleepy
c awake and energetic
MReaatdchanthienqteurevsiteiwonwsiatnhdSaanraswMeorsh.r-Pietsch.
A Do you choose what you wear the night before?
B Do you have anything to eat before you go to work?
C Do you use an alarm clock to wake up?
How do you feel when you wake up?
How do you get to work?
How does this affect your social life?
H
G WhaHiffie-do-yet:rgehtJTWherryet:H-e-eioift§ the shew?
What time do you go to bed when you're working the next day?
I Would you like to change your working hours?
WCoitvheratphaeratnesrwreerms aenmdbleorohkeartatnhsewqeuress.tions. d Answer the questions with a partner.
Wtheouralddiyoohuoliskt?e to work the same hours as
pI nergseonne?ral are you a morning or evening
1 What time do you get up when you're doing the show?
I get up at 4:45 a.m. and leave the house at 5:20.
2
Yes. I usually set my radio alarm to come on at 4:30 so that I can wake up slowly as I listen to the world news. I set my phone alarm for 4:45 and leave it on the other side of the room so I have to get up to turn it off!
3
It depends - some mornings I feel rested and awake, but other mornings it's hard to get out of bed. It depends on the season. I find I need much more sleep in the winter.
4
If I'm slow to get up, then I wait until I'm in the studio before having breakfast, but most mornings I have a bowl of cereal before I leave the house.
5
That depends on the season, too. In the summer I usually wait until the morning to decide. But in the winter I often leave clothes out the night before so that I can stay in bed until the last minute!
6
A car picks me up at 5:20.
7
In the winter, any time between 8:30 and 9:30 p.m. In the summer, usually more like 9:00 to 10:00 p.m.
8
What social life? I certainly can't go out for a wild night during the week, but I'm lucky because a lot of my closest friends live near me, so I can see them in the evenings and still go to bed early.
Sometimes I think I would like to have more normal working hours, but I love my job so much that
I'd never want to give it up. The buzz of being "live" on the radio early in the morning as people start their days is really wonderful.
2 VOCABULARY phrasal verbs
a pLaorotkneart soaymwehsaetntthenecheisgffirloigmhttehdepinhtrearsveisewm.eWani.th a
4 PRONUNCIATION linking
a 5 4l)) Listen and write the missing words.
"Igeletauvpe titootunrtnhiet oftfh!"er side of the room so I have to
PTlheearsee's a wet towe_l o_n the floor.
PI cleaans'et concentrate_w_ith that music on.
"A car picks me up at 5:20."
"I love my job so much that I'd never want to give it up."
p PWharkaesaulpv, gerebtsup, turn on I off, give up,
mIf eyaonusd, on't know what t.he word
Why have you taken your coat off? !
This book was very expensive.Please .
phrasal verbs (verbs with a prepositioneotcr .a, davreercbo)m. mon
hWerhey?are you wearing y! our coat in
cSaonmheetilmp yeos uthgeuemsesatnhinegmoefatnhinegtwofotsheepparhartaesawl overdrbs,
deo.ge.,stnuornt ohfef.lpSyoomue, eti.mg.e, gs itvheeump.eaning of the two words
b vPerrabcstiacne dsapyrionngotuhness,een.gte.,npciecsk.__T...irt yutop.link the phrasal
Rveerabdththaet minefaornms.a. .t?ion box. Can you think of a phrasal
1 to try to find something you have lost
5 SPEAKING
a Rabeoaudttyhoeuqruaensstwioenrssi.n the questionnaire and think
rtoigphuttsoizneclothes in a store to see if they are the
b Wquoersktiionnps.airs. Interview your partner with the
to have a friendly relationship (with somebody)
► p.163 Vocabulary Bank Phrasal verbs.
3 GRAMMAR word order of phrasal verbs
PQHURESATSIOANLNVAEIRREB
pLhoroaksalt vtherebpiincteuarcehasnednutenndceer.line the object of the
Ha acvoencyeoruteovretrhfeomrgoovtiteesn? to turn your cell phone off at
Dotohyeorupethorpolew?away old clothes or do you give them to
Do you enjoy trying on clothes when you go shopping?
Do you often go away on the weekend? Where to?
yBoeufohraevyeotuogbousyh?oDpopiynogu, doonly buuuyswuhalalyt'sworintethdeowlisnt?what
Do you enjoy looking after small children? Why (not)?
Hthaevemyuosuicedvoewr na?skWehdaytohuarpnpeeignhebdo?rs to turn the TV or
noun or pronoun.
verb and
Complete the rules about seopn,arable phrasal verbs with
tWhheamt'sortnhiengfi?rst thing you turn on after you wake up in
etc.
on,
pIfutthiet aofbtjeeucrpt,thoofena,veprhbra+suapl ,verbeistca., OR bet,wyoeuencatnhe
pIfutthiet bobetjewcteoefnatphhe rvaesrabl avnedrbuips,a
etc.
, you m.ust
word order of phrasal verbs and practice it.
► p.146 Grammar Bank llB. Learn more about the
Online Practice Ell
GV so, neither+ auxiliaries
P semnitlaenrictieestress, lo! and /0/
So do l.
1 GRAMMAR so, neither + auxiliaries
Look at the photos and describe the two men.
Read about the two men and answer the questions.
Who are Jim Springer and Jim Lewis?
Whydidn't they know each other?
What did Jim Lewis decide to do when he was 39?
How long did it take him?
r5emSel))mCbeorvethr rteheetdhiianloggs uthee. yLihsatevne ionnccoem. Tmryotno.
Listen again and fill in the blanks.
A
So
I. Great to meet you. Sit down. Are you
B Hi! I1'm Jim.
A Yes ... well2, I've been married twice.
married, Jim?
B Yeah? So I. Do you have any children?
B
''So am I."
Mdiifnfenreesnottfaaimnitlihees UsoSo. nThaefytewr. eOrneeabdroopttheedrbwyatswo
Some years ago, two identical twins were born in
I have one son.
James Allen.
So 3 I. What's his name?
A
A Did you go to college, Jim?
That's amazing! My son's name is James Allen, too!
B No, I didn't.
I. I was a terrible student.
adopted by a couple named Lewis in Lima, Ohio, and
Neither 4
A
B 5
So I. Hey, this is my dog Toy.
hDiasybtoront,hOehriwo.aBsyacdooipntceiddebnycae,cbooutphlebonyasmwederSepnrainmgeedr i"nJim"
I don't believe it! My dog's named Toy, too!
B
He wants to go outside. My wife usually takes him.
by their new parents. When Jim Lewis was six years old,
A I don't do any exercis6e at all.
he wdiasscothvierrteydntihnaet, he hdaedciadnedidteonftiincdalatnwdincobnrtoatchtehr.iWs hen
bDraoytthoenr,. aSnixdwtheeeyksprlaotbearb, hlyehmaedt aJimcoSnpvreirnsgaetiroinnsaocmaeftehiinng
Don't worry. Neither What car do you have?
A Chevrolet.
So 7 1!
I. I drive everywhere.
like this...
A Hey, let's go and have a hamburger, OK?
B
Sure. You know, I once worked in a hamburger restaurant.
A Unbelievable! So 8 1!
Which coincidence do you chink is the most surprising? f La opoarktnatetrh. e dialogue again. Answer the questions with
Find two phrases that the twins use... when they have something I±] in common.
when they have something Elin common.
\Vhy do you think the auxiliary verb changes?
g ► p.146 Grammar Bank llC. Learn more about so,
IEI•
neither, etc., and practice them.
2 PRONUNCIATION sentence stress, lo! and /0/
j mother & | brother neither they |
thumb | both thirty th row |
5 7>)) Listen and repeat the words and sounds.
5 LIS TENING
5 8>)) Add four words to each row. Listen and check.
although math other there thing thirsty through clothing
A B
A B
5 9 >)) Listenand repeatthe dialogues. Underline the stressed words. Facebook coincidence
I like tea. So do I.
A I'm tired. B So am I.
I don't smoke. Neither do I. 4 A I'm not hungry. B Neither am I.
brings couple together
0
5 lOi)) Listen and respond. Say you're the same. i)) / tak e the bus to work . do I.
3 SPEAKING
a Complete the sentences so they are true for you.
li5st1e1n>)t)oLaonoekwast stthoerpyhaobtoouot fthaecmou. pWlehaantdis b Listen again and answer the questions.
t h e coincidence?
Me I love . (a kind of music) | Who else in the class? |
I don't like . (a drink) | |
I'm very . (adjective of personality) | |
I'm not very good at . (sport or activity) | |
I'm going to after class. (an activity) | |
I have to every day. (an obligation) | |
I don't eat . (a kind of food) | |
|
1 iWnthoyFdaicdeKboeollky?Hildebrandt put her name
tMr yotvoe fairnodusnodmtheoe ncelalsiskesayyoiun,gaynoduwr srietnetdenocwens. hFios roerahcehrsneanmteen.ce, Respond to otherifpeople's sentences. Say So do/ am I, or
What did she discover?
What did she do next?
not
Wcomhamt ootnh?er things do they have in
\Vhy were they worried?
\Vhat do they call each other?
What problem did they once have?
interesting?
What are they definitely going to do? c HoraFvaecyeobuoeovke?rDpiudt yyouurdnisacmoveeirnatonyGthoionggle
Neither do / am 1 you h ave something in common.
A / love heavy meta� � Really? I hate it! 0, So do I.
4 VOCABULARY similarities
a RCeoamdpalbetoeutthseotmexetmwoirthe saimwoilradriftrioesmbtehtewleisetn. the two Jims.
he two Jims looked exactly 1 each other when they were younger. They 2 _
T
liked math and carpentry - but hated spelling.
3
abs both i-dentical like
-neither
-similar so
After finishing school they had
was a security guard, and Springer was a
jobs: Lewis
Cyooumr pfalemteiltyh. Te eslelnytoeunrcepsaartbnoeurt. you and
1 I have the same color eyes as my _ 2 I look like my
My personality is similar to my 's.
My and I both like
I like and so does my
deputy sheriff. Jim Lewis first married a
woman named Linda, and then a woman named Betty, exactly the same names
4 Jim Springer's first and second wives. Even their tastes in sports are 5 _
Jim Springer likes baseball and 6
does Jim Lewis. Jim Lewis doesn't like basketball
I don't like _and neither does my _
and 7 does Jim Springer.
Time to go home
1 !j ROB AND JENNY TALK ABOUT
2 !E1 ON THE PHONE
THE FUTURE
a A5n1s3wl)e)rCthoeveqrutehsteidoniasl.ogue and watch or listen.
Who does Rob want to speak to?
How many times does he have to call?
7
s5en1t2enl))ceWs Tatc(htroure)liosrteFn (tfao lRseo)b. and Jenny. Mark the
Rob is going home today.
He says it will be difficult co stay in touch.
Jenny suggests that she could go to London.
Rob chinks it's a good idea.
l
They're going to a restaurant tonight.
Barbara wants to talk to Jenny.
You've just missed him = British English
I ,O AYomuejruisctamn iasnseddBhriitmis=hAEmngelriischan English;
cmeollb(ipleho(pnheo)n=eA) =mBerriitciasnh EEnngliissh
Watch or listen again. Say why the F sentences are false.
El
!E1 IN CENTRAL PARK AGAIN
b Watch or listen again. Complete the You Hear phrases.
>)) You Hear You Say0
Hello. Broadway Grill.
NewcaYnorIkh2e4lpseyvoeun?.
yJouust a secon.d IH'lleplluot. at hNeor_, I'm_so_rry.rSighhet'snnowot.
Sure.
You cI'lol uglidvetrhyehretrhecell ph_one.
I'm sorry, Iactatnh'tetmakoemyeonutr. Please aftear tmhesbseaegpe.
HoNwewcaYnorIkh2e4lspeyvoeun?. I'm sorry, the lJinues'tsa sec_ond.
nOuhm, sboerrr.y. I have the wrong HBaerllboa. rCaaKneIastpoena,kplteoase?
Hi, is that Barbara? CplaenasI ele?ave a message,
Ccalnleydo?uI'tllecllahllebraRcokblaWtearlk. er Yes, I'll do that. Thank you.
Hreetlulorn, Binagrbyaoruar.cTahlils. is Rob HI sepleloa. kIt'tsoRBoabrbaagraai,np. Cleaanse?
Watch or listen to Rob and Jenny. Is it a happy ending or a sad ending?
a 5 15>))
Watch or listen again and answer the questions.
Who has some news?
\\That did Barbara offer Rob?
What did Jenny do this morning?
Social English phrases.
\\That does Jenny ask Barbara to do?
Look at the Can you
remember any ofthe missing words?
YoTuhat's greaftirst.
Social English phrases Rob
Is everything ?
Jenny
Do you want to hold? OK, I'll hold.
Jenny I'll her.
Hello. Hi, Barbara. It's me, Rob.
Jenny I'll explain _
Barbara
Rob, hi! I tyroieudetaorlciearll. Wabhoauttd?id you want to talk
c 5 14>)) You Say
Watch or listen and repeat the phrases. Copy the rhythm.
Practice the dialogues with a partner. e M In pairs, role-play the dialogue.
A (book open) You are the Broadway Grill, the receptionist, etc. You start with
B (book closed) You want to speak to Barbara. f Change roles.
Jenny better.
5 16 >)) Watch or listen and complete the phrases.
Watch or listen again and repeat the phrases. How do you say them in your language?
Can you...?
Hello. Broadway Grill.
D cwaalnl stotmo teablokdtyo and say who you are / who you
D leave a message for somebody
D respond to news
Online Practice •
G past perfect V verb phrases
P contractions: had I hadn't
NEWS AROUND THE WORLD
Here is our selection of last week's true stories
Because a shark had come into the pool.
AUSTRALIA
InswSiymdnineyan, eoaurtlydoinorthsewmimomrnininggp, osol tehastwwimasmveerrsywcelorseettaoktinhge a oascseiasnta. Tnhtse stwairmtemdesrhsowuetirnegv"eGreytsouurtporfistehdewwhaetenrs! uQdudiceknllyy!"the pool
Trehaeliszwedimthmaetrtsheimremweadsiaateslhyagroktaotutth.eThoethnetrhey ennodne! of the swimmers wereFohrutrutnaantdely
tphuet sbhaacrkkinwtaosthcaeuogchetainn. a net and
ENGLAND
SweceurreitaymgauzaerdswahteSntathnesytesdaAwirapodrotg I
goewtntitnogwoaffrda threaianirapnodrtwtaelrkminignaol.nTithsey
Tchauagnhktstthoeadmogicaroncdhtiopoikn iitstontehcekp, olice. tDhiesyedliasncdovteharetdittbhealtointsgendamtoeawwaosman nLaomndeodnS, 3ar1amh iClehsapawmayn., Swahroahlivheadd in ghoadneleofnt Dviaecsaetliownitfhosr oamfeewfdriaeynsdsa.nd gotten on a train and hItadhatdratvheelend 3ch1amngileinsgttoraSitnasnostnetdheAiwrpaoyr.t,Sarah
asiaripdo: r"tI'tmo slouorke fDoiremseel!w" ent to the
1 READING & SPEAKING
a Read the stories and look at the pictures. Fill in the blanks with
b Match verbs 1-10 with phrases A J.
one of the sentences below.
AUSTRALIA
The shark had already attacked three people.
A large wave had carried the shark into the pool during the night.
ENGLAND
Unfortunately, the dog had bitten one of her friends.
The dog had run away and had gone to the local train station.
[HJ get into / out of
D get on / off
D knock someone
D realize
D put the luggage
D goon
D take
A on the belt B a swim
C vacation
E
D down the street
out
F a train Ga woman
THE US
The robber thought he had taken bags worth a lot of money.
The robber had taken money from armored cars before.
SWEDEN
The woman had gotten confused at the check-in desk.
The woman had left her passport at home.
8 D leave the dog 9 D chase someone 10 D belong ro
H the- swimming -pool
I
with friends
J that there was a shark in the pool
A
33-year-old Providence, Rhode Island man was arrested for
knocking out the driver of an armored carand taking fou r bags
oHfomwoevnery, .each ofthe bags
contained only $800 in pennies.
The money bags each weighed 30 pounds, and they slowed the
man down as he tried to get away.
When police officers arrived at the scene, they chased the robber down the street and easily caught him with the heavy money bags.
A
SWEDEN
irport workers in the luggage area at Arlanda Airport in Sweden were surprised to see an old lady sitting on the
luggage belt nextto her suitcase. She
had put her luggage on the belt and then had sat down on the belt herself. A spokesman at Stockholm's Arlanda Airport said
"Unfortunately, she did not understand when she
was given check-in instructions. She got on the belt togetherwith her bag. Luckily,
it wasn't a long ride - only a few feet."
2 GRAMMAR past perfect
a Look at these highligbtea verbs from the Australia story. Answer the questions.
Then they realized that there was a shark at the other end!
A large wave had carried the shark into the pool during the night.
b
vVhich action happened first, A or B?
What are the two parts ofthe verb in sentence B?
Look at the other three stories again (including the missing sentences) and underline examples ofhad + past participle. Did these actions happen before or after the main part ofthe story?
c ► p.148 Grammar Bank 12A. Learn more about the past perfect and practice it.
Complete the following sentences in your own words.
Use the past perfect.
When I got to the check-in desk, I suddenly realized that. ..
When we arrived back from our vacation, we found that...
\\Then the movie started, I realized immediately that...
I couldn't answer any ofthe exam questions because I. ..
We spent 20 minutes in the parking lot looking for the car because we couldn't remember...
Work with a partner. Af
Compare with a partner. Are your sentences the same or different?
B A
reread the story about Australia, B reread the story about the US. Underline the key words and events. Then A (books closed) retell the story in your own words. (books open) help when necessary. Then change.
PRONUNCIATION
contractions: had I hadn't
In conversation we often contract had in the past
p Contractions: past perfect
perfect after a subject pronoun (!, you, etc.), e.g., pWahsesnpoI grto. t to the airport, I realized that I'd forgotten my Itshuedpdaertnyly. remembered that we hadn't told Sue about
5 18 >)) Listen and write six past perfect sentences.
Then practice saying the sentences.
► Communication What had happened? A p.104
B p.109. Try to guess your partner's sentences.
LIS TENING
5 19 >)) Listen to another news story. Then number the events in order.
D Joey attacked her. D Joey sat on her plate. D Joey went to sleep.
D Katie came home from work.
D Katie met her neighbor.
c 5 20>))
With a partner, try to guess what you think had happened.
Now listen and find out what had happened.
Had anybody guessed right?
Online Practice -
V
G
reported speech say or tell?
P double consonants
1 SPEAKING & LISTENING
Read the dictionary definition and then answer the questions with a partner.
gossip /'gas�p/ (v and n) to talk about other people, especially their private life
\Vhat kind ofpeople gossip more?
a people in cities or people in small towns b young people or old people
c men or women
Who do people most often gossip about? a their neighbors
b people at work or school c celebrities
Do you have any friends who gossip a lot? 4 How do you feel when people gossip
aboutyou?
l))
5 21 Listen to a conversation between Rosemary and Iris. What has happened to
k:.4 ....___ �:.�
�__.-� ..
She told
He said that he would write.
Jack and Emma? Listen again and answer the questions.
Jack and Emma arethe woman's...
a neighbors. b friends. c children.
Rosemary thinks she heard them having... a a conversation.
b a party.
c an argument.
According to Roseillill)',Emmasaid shewas... a seeing another man .
looking for a new job.
going to stay with her mother.
She said she had ...
left the dog with a neighbor.
left the children with her sister. c left the dinner in the microwave.
Iris is going to...
a cell her husband. b cell her family.
c cell another neighbor.
c 5 22 >)) Now listen to what Jack and Emma really said last night. Was Rosemary right about everything?
2 GRAMMAR reported speech
Look at some extracts from the conversations. Compare what Emma said (direct speech) with what Rosemary says that she said (reported speech). Underline the words that are different in the fiig lig te reported speech.
What Emma said
I'm going to stay with my 1110111.
I won't come back...
I've taken the children to my sister...
What Rosemary and Iris said
She said that she was going to sta� witl1 her mother! She told him that she wouldn't come ac .
Ooh, how awful. What about the children? She said he'd taken them to her s.ister.
and practice it.
► p.148 Grammar Bank 12B. Learn more about reported speech
c 5 24l))
Listen to some sentences in direct speech. Say them in reported speech. Begin with He said... or She said...
l)) I'm in a hurry. 0he said that she was in a hurry.
l)) /'II write. 0e said that he would write.
VOCABULARY say or tell?
Complete the sentences with the right form of say or tell.
"I have a problem," Annie .
Annie us that she had a problem.
Lisa that she was leaving her husband.
He the teacher that he had left his homework at home.
His teacher that he didn't believe him.
Can you Mark that I can't meet him tonight?
What did you to her?
tWo hen I whaesllaocthoiplde,omplyemwoetdhiedrnu'tsekdnotow. us not
SPEAKING
a nWooterks.iTnhpeanircsh. aAntgeellroyoleusr. partner the following. B Listen and take
something about your parents or grandparents
a place you have been co
something that you did last weekend
something that you're planning to do in the summer
The information can be true or invented, but it must
be interesting!
Change partners. Tell partner 2 what partner 1 said. Decide
b
together whether you think your previous partners were telling
6 READING
HERE'S A SECRET:
Gossip might be good for you
We all enjoy gossiping about people we know, although sometimes we might feel guilty
about it afterward. However, new research shows that gossiping might be good for us.
Professor McAndrew, a professor of psychology, believes that gossiping is in our genes, and we feel pleasure when we share interesting information. McAndrew says that gossiping is a social skill, and we need to learn to do it well. According
to the professor, gossip can be a positive thing when people use it to build connections with other people in their social group. But it can be a negative thing when somebody gossips about another person onlyto make themselves feel more important in the group.
Professor McAndrew's research also showed that people were happy to pass on good news but only if it was about a friend. They also enjoyed passing
on negative information about other people when ....
it was about somebody they disliked. f5-
Another thing that the new study showed �(lJC:
was that men and women gossip differently. cu
the truth or had invented the information.
In general, the men in the study shared gossip
<l::�.
He told me (thatJ:_J He said (thatJ:_J
5 PRONUNCIATION double consonants
a Look at five groups of words. Match each group to a vowel sound.
with their wives or girlfriends, but not with their tJ male friends. Women however, gossiped with l(lJ both partners and friends. �
a RTe(atrduteh)eoarrFtic(flaelasen)d. mark the sentences
1 □� 2 □[]] 3 □i 4 □j s□I
We sometimes feel bad after we gossip.
PprrogfersasmormMedcAtongdorseswips.ays that we are
gossip college dollar bottle robber
luggage funny runner sumn1er butterfl y c written miss bitten different middle
b
happy married cabbage rabbit baggage
oGnowsshipyiwnge cdaonitb.e good or bad - it depends
tPheeoyplliekeen. joy sharing bad news about people
b
Double consonants
letter better message umbrella tennis 5 25 >)) Listen and check.
Mwiethn tghoesisripfawmiitlhy.their friends more than Look at the higlilightedl words and phrases.
p
happy lad, and lg_tter Id.
The vowel sound before a double consonant is normally short when it is the stressed syllable, e.g., gQssip lo!, lldggage !Al, written hi,
Double consonants are pronounced the same as single consonants.
c Hproownudnociyaotuiotnhiannkdymoueapnrionngowuintcheytohuerwdoicrtdisonbaerloyw. ? Check the
With a partner, guess their meaning.
c aDboouyot uthaegwreaeywmitehnwanhdatwtohme aerntigcolessiapy?s
7 s 2si)) SONG
kettle waffle pottery slippers supper
Online Practice
I Heard It Through the Grapevine � -
G questions without auxiliaries V review
P review
Who painted that picture?
I can't remember.
1 GRAMMAR questions without auxiliaries
With a partner, see how many ofthe quiz questions you can answer from memory.
Now try to find the answers you couldn't remember in Files 1-11.
Look at 1 and 2 in the quiz. Answer these questions.
How is question 1 different from question 2?
What is the subject ofthe verb in question 1?
\Vhat is the subject ofthe verb in question 2?
Which other questions in the quiz are similar grammatically to question 1?
► p.148 Grammar Bank 12C. Learn more about questions without auxiliaries and practice them.
Who painted fvlr and fvlrs Clark and Percy?
How did Caroline de Bendern lose a fortune?
Which airport in Asia has a pet hotel?
What does boy toy mean?
Whose wedding dress did Lindka Cierach design?
What vitamin does sunlight produce?
Who plays Dr. House in the series House, MD.?
What did Captain Edward Murphy give his name to?
How many natural disasters did Mr. and Mrs. Svanstrom experience on their around the-world trip?
Who wrote the short story Girl?
Which singer made reggae popular all over the world?
Who invented the dishwasher, a man or a woman?
Who could never find his things when he was a child?
Who shouted "You CANNOT be serious!" at a tennis umpire at Wimbledon?
5 What is Kelly Hildebrandt's husband named?
. . . .
: .
. . . .. �
\.. .'..\ '
2 WRITING & SPEAKING
►B
Communication General knowledge quiz A p.105
p.110. First write the questions. Then ask them to
your partner.
HISTORY
Make sure you know the answers!
Wquietshtiaopnasrwtnitehr,omr awkiethyoouutraouwxniliqauriiezs. Wforietaecthwcoategory. c Ask your questions tO another pair.
MUSIC
SCIENCE
ART
MOVIES
Online Practice
GRAMMAR
� a, b, or c.
1 Tevheerygboolfdbyacllheered.
the hole, and
VOCABULARY
Complete with a word from the list.
along down into of f out back past toward through up
a went on b went c went into
The door opened and two men _ a came out b came out of c out
Your towel's on the floor.
We drove a lot of tunnels on our way to New York City.
When it started to rain, we went a cafe to wait until it stopped.
She walked___ the street, looking in all the store windows.
When the dog started running me, I was terrified.
a Pick up it b Pick up c Pick it up
a
4 I've lost my keys. Can you help me ?
5 A B
look tfhoremthefomr
Go the gas station, and it's the next turn on the right.
6
You have to take your shoes before going into the temple.
7 oIfnyloinueddoinct'tioknnaorwy.the meaning ofa word, look it _ _ in the
A
look after them I love traveling.
Can you turn the heat? It's very hot in here.
Ifyou don't like the jacket, take it to the store.
6
a So do I b Neither do I I can't do this exercise.
Bc So am I
Can you find what time the movie ends?
Complete the missing words.
s
ab SNoeictahnerI can't I
Julia and Jane are i twins. my
Neither can I
I live on the same street a sister.
BA I went t.oWthheamt doivdiyeos ulasseten?ight.
a So went I b So I did c So did I
sItwataisotno, o late, and when I got to the train ab tthe train hasd lleefftt
Her new novel is very to her last one.
Daveisn't very tall, and n is his son.
My parents b love classical music.
c Complete the phrases with a verb from the list.
do get give go leave look put take tell turn
c the train left
1 skiing
6 uap the music
9 When we got to the airport, we remembered
_ on your coat
7 _ swim
that we all the windows in our house.
___ me a story
8 ___ offthe train
a hadn't closed
4 forward to something
up smoking
bc hdaidvnen't'tclcolosesed
Aliciatold me that she to marry Berto.
5 ___ your dog with friends 10 _karate
PRONUNCIATION
a wants b want c wanted
a @ the word with a different sound.
Kevin said he back in ten minutes. a would be b was c will be
iMn ya gfarcatnodrfyawthheern he wasthyaotuhneg.had worked
a said us b told c told us
I[ f-JI luggage rugby
i find written
S around down
suinmer put
middle fill
through out
5
gossip together
Who in the house next door? a lives b live c does live
a you bought b bought you c did you buy
Where that dress?
4 &t neither throw nothing both
message negative
• ••
eHxocwurmsioanny? people_ _ to go on the a do want b does want c want
b Underline the stressed syllable.
1 wind surlfing 2 tolward 3 for ward 4 simi lar 5 dilfferent
CAN YOU UNDERS TAND THIS TEXT?
Rcoeiandcitdheenacret?icle once. What was the amazing
Roredaedr tthheyarhtaicplpeeangeadin and number the events in the
D
D Their daughter was born.
D They got married.
D
They both had a heart operation in the same hospital. Alistair had another heart operation.
D hTohsepyitdailstcwoveenrteydytehaartstehaeryliehra.d been in the same
� CAN YOU UNDERSTAND THESE
PEOPLE?
and answer the questions.
5 28l)) On the street Watch or listen to five people
James Ruth Andy Alison
The twins that James knows
a have very similar personalities
D They discovered they had the same heart problem.
bc ahraevevethrye ssiammielaarpinpeaaprpaenacreaanncde personality
D
D They met at a swimming pool.
Alistair asked Alison to marry him.
your teacher or with a dictionary.
LGouoekssatthtehier hmigehanliignhgtefdrowmorthdes ocornptherxats. eCshinectkhewtiethxt.
Ruth doesn't mind losing when _ _
b has really enjoyed the game
a the person who wins is better than she is
c she thinks she hasn't played very well
The sport Justin doesn't play anymore is _ a basketball b soccer c baseball
Andy
ba was a meovrenniinnggppeerrssoonniinntthheeppaasstt
Whi ne1n9S9u5z, atnhneey wmetreAalimstaazier dCotottdoinscaotvaesrwthima tmtihnegypool conditiobno. tThhseuyfsfetarertdefdrogmoi nthgeosuatmtoegeextthreermaenlyd rfaerlel inheloavrte,
c has never been good in the morning
Alison thinks that_ _
c men and women both gossip
ab wmoemn geonsgsoipssmipomreotrheatnhwanomen
CAN YOU SAY THIS IN ENGLISH?
bcoutinsceidveenrcael m.
onths later, they discovered an even bigger
Dcaontdhoe tthaeskms.with a partner. Check (✓) the box if you
(Suzan n e wa s seven a n d Alistair wa s fourteen), they had
Alm os t twenty years earlie r w h en they we re ch ild ren
on the same day, performed by the same heart surgeon.
b o th h a d a lifesaving h e a r t ope r a ti o n i n th e s a m e hospital,
They certainly had no i d e a that twenty years later they
recoverin g in th e same ho spita l ward (although they
After their operations, they had spent several days have no memories of seeing o r s p e a k i n g to each other.)
Suzann , now 43, said, "We were very shocked by the
would meet and fall in love with the c h i l d in the next bed. co in ciden ce . We were obviously destined to be together."
Can you...?
D
dspeoscrrtisbuestinhrgeaevtehribngasntdhaatpyreopuohsaitvieontoodfominovceemrteanint
look after
D make true sentences with take off, turn down, and
D swaiythtrsuoe(athminI,gestac.b)oauntdynoueit-hyeor u(dropIa, rettnce.)r responds
D continue these sentences with the past perfect:
Ahalidsttaoirhcaovnetainnuoetdhetor mh ajoer dhifefairctuoltpieesrawtiitohn.hAi sshseoaortn, aasn dh ehe
ba WI gohtentoItshaewtrhaiimn ,stI awtaiosns,ubruptr.i.s.ed because...
twhoekceouuppal eftgeorttmhearorpieedrai ntio2n0,0h2e. proposed to Suzanne, and
e n d i n g is just wond erful."
THhaen nfaohll owwaisn gboyrenari,nS2u0z0a4n naen bd eiscanmoew parehgapapnyt, ,haenadlthbyabcyhild fwrhoomshheorwpsanreonstisg.nSsuozfanhnaevisnagidin, h"eMraitneydhaenayrthpeatritepnrtos bclaenm'ts thhaevme scehlivl derse, nsoofr otrh eoiurrcahmildarzei nngasrteobryortno whaitvhehseuacrht aprhoabplepmy s
D yrestoerrtdtawyoutshininggssaitdhaotr stoomldembeody said to you
D auskxiyloiaurrypvaerrtbnberegthinrneeinqguewsittihonWs hwoi,tHhoouwt manany,
and Which
VIDEO Watch and enjoy the movie.
■◄ Short movies Sports in New Zealand
Adapted from a newspaper
Online Practice ••
Communication
lA WHAT'S HIS NAME? HOW DO YOU
SPELL IT? Student A
Ask B questions to complete the missing information.
<;,:_hoto 1 - What's her last name? How do you spell it?
j) Asking for repetition
Answer B's questions.
If you don't hear or understand somebody, you can say:
Sorry? Can you say that again? Can you repeat that?
1B ALEXANDER AND OLIVER Student A
a Ask B questions and complete the chart for Oliver.
lC DESCRIBE AND DRAW Student A
Look at your painting for a minute.
Describe your painting for B to draw.
Listen to B describing his/ her painting. Try to draw it.
Don't look at it. Ask B questions to help you.
Now compare your drawings with the original paintings. Are they similar?
100
b Answer B's questions about Alexander.
2B AT, IN, ON Student A
Name | Alexander | Oliver |
How old/? Where I from? | 32 Los Angeles | |
Where / live? What / do? | San Francisco journalist | |
What / like? | modern art, classical music | |
What / not like? | sports |
|
Ask B your questions.
When were you born?
Where do you usually have breakfast?
What time do you usually have lunch?
What days ofthe week do you usually go out in the evening?
What time ofday do you usually doyour English homework?
When do you usually cake a vacation?
Where do you usually listen to music?
When's your birthday?
Answer B's questions using at, in, or on. Ask What aboutyou? for each question.
2C HAPPY ENDING
Wthehsytdreidetn?'t Hannah see the man who was crossi ng
Who was the man?
Why did he cross without looking?
Where did they go after that?
What did they order?
Why was Jamie on Bridge Street?
What and when was the concert?
\.Vhat was special about the day?
3A WHAT ARE YOUR PLANS?
Student A
4A HAS HE DONE IT YET? Students A+B
Lwohoakt'saitnthite. pTihcetunrgeofotor opn.1e0m2.inute and try to remember
iAnsfkorBmyaotuiornq. uestions using £JOin£J to. Ask for more
What / you / do after class?
What time / you / get up tomorrow?
Where / you / have lunch tomorrow?
What / you / do on Saturday night?
Where / you / go for your next vacation?
/ you / study English next year?
SA HOW FAST IS YOUR LIFE?
Students A+B
Answer B's questions. Give more information.
3C WHAT'S THE WORD? Student A
fLooroakmatinthueteshixow yrodus aorrepghoriansgestoondeyfoinuer tchaermd. .Think
tCohseecekwyhoautript maretnaenrs'.s score and tell him or her. Then read
How to score:
point for never
points for sometimes
points for often
Is your score between 6 and 9? You are living life in the slow lane. Compared to most people, you take things
easy and don't get stressed by modern-day living. You
photo lazy
go si(gvhetrbse) eing Arrivals passenger
are patient, relaxed, and easygoing. Most of the time this is good news, but sometimes it can be a problem. For example, are you sometimes late for appointments?
Is your score between 10 and 14? You have a medium pace of life. You are probably somebody who can change the speed at which you live depending on the situation.
Is your score between 15 and 18? You are living life
in the fast lane, rushing around and trying to do many
words on the card.
YtooBu .hRaveemtewmobmerinyuotuescaton'ct oumsemanuynipcaartteoyrofuorrwmoordf sthe
Now listen to B's definitions. Try to guess the words.
different activities and projects at the same time. You are impatient and you find it difficult to relax. You are probably very productive, but your relationships and health could suffer as a result.
Adaptedfrom Richard Wiseman's QuirkolOBY website
101
Communication
4A HAS HE DONE IT YET?
Students A+B
a WMaoxrkailnwdaiyvsidduoaelslye.vLeoryokmaotrtnhienlgi.stHoafsthhiengs walaresaidnythdeonpeictthuerem. ?WTrriytetosernetmenecmebs.er what
HOeR's aHlreeahadysnm'tamdaedtehethbeebde. dyet.
pick up his towel
clean up his desk
mwaskhe hthisecboeffdee cups
turn off his computer
take the dog for a walk
take a shower
put his cl hes in the closet
have breakfast
5B THE FRIENDLIEST CITY Student A
a RLoenadoanb.oTurtywthoartehmaepmpebneerdthwehiennfoTrmimautisoend. the three tests in
London
The photo test
IpwreatstyneslaorwClhyadroriwngn tChreossstrseteatt,ioann.dI Isstoaipdp, e"dExacmusaenmweh,ocwoualsdwyaoluking tcaoknetimnuyepdhwotaolk?i"nTgh. Te hmeannI saasikde, d"Naob, unsoin, ensostmi maen fionrathgar at,y" saunidt wj uhsot
wasaksewd ahlkimintgototawkaeradntohtehterraoinnes,tahteiowna. lHkedtoaowkayonqeuipchkolyt.o, but when I
The shopping test
aI nwdenatrteodabsuosu. Tvehnei resdtobruesownaOsxvfeorrydeSxtprents,ivaen.dTIhbeotuogthalt parikceeywriansg fpoorutnydpsobuancdks.. I gave the man a hundred pounds. He gave me sixty
b yWoour pianrtpnaeir. A. Creomthpeayrtehyeosuarmsen? Ttehnecnesgwo ith bwaicthk thepp. 1i0ct1uarne.dWcoemrepyaorue ryioguhrt?sentences
The accident test
wFoernt disowtenstt,hIewsetnatirsd,oIwfnellindtoowtnheanTdubseat(tohne tLhoenfdloorU. Andmeargnriomumnde)d. iAatseIly shteodpipdend't-andhelojuosktesdadido,w"Wn haty mdoen. 'Ittyhou glohot khewwhearsegyooinu'gretogohienlgp?m" e, but
In your own words, tell B and C what happened in London.
B
<;:.rst, he used the photo test...
Listen tO and C tell you what happened in Paris and Rome. d Together decide which of the cities is the friendliest so far.
6B l'LL GAME Students A+B
Play the game.
102
a
6C DREAMS Student A
Last night, you dreamed about these things. Prepare to tell B about your dream.
B is a psychoanalyst. Tell him / her about your dream. He / she will tell you what
it means.
0st night, I dreamed about a river...
Change roles. Now you are a psychoanalyst.
Ice cream
Listen to B's dream. Number the things below in the order he / she talks about them.
Long
D -you will getsome money (from the lottery or from a relative).
D hair - you want to be free. Maybe you have problems with your family or a partner.
D A key -you have a problem and you are
7A HOW TO... Student A
a How to survive at a party.
Read the article Then
withoutlooking at the text, tell B the five tips. When you finish, decide with B whichis the mostimportant tip.
r
How to ... Survive at a Party (when
you dont know anybody)
like to talk to and introduce yourself.
0 pDoosni'ttivset.aFninddinsothmeecboordnyeyr.oYuotuhninekeydotuowboe uld
0
f)
a conversation.
Tbaryg.tWo ahsekreimd ipdeyrosou ngaeltqitu?e" sTthioisnwsillilkhee''lIplotovesytaorutr
0
nDeornv'otudso, mit'sinvaetreytehaesycotonvtaelrksaabtioount. yWohuersneylfoaullare twhheetnimthee. yNhoabvoedjyuswt amntesttyooulisftoernthtoe yfiorsutrtliimfees.tory
Spomsiilteiv! eU, sfreieynodulrybimodpyrelsasnigouna. ge to give a
need to go to the bathroom. Don't come back!
C, sIfayyothuanteyeodutaoreesgcoainpgetforogmetaarderailnlky obrotrhinagt ypoeruson,
�
�
date. Listen, and when he or she finishes, decide
b B will tell you five tips for How to survive a first
together which is the most important tip.
SA WHAT SHOULD I DO? Student A
Read problem 1 to B. He / she will give you some advice.
P1 roI bdloenm'tsknow what to get my boyfriend / girlfriend for
looking for a solution .
D es
2 hI hisa/veheprobbirltehmdsayg.oItin'sgttoomsolerreopwa!t night.
People speaking other languag -you
3 My children want a dog, but my husband / wife is
Traveling by bus
think your life is boring and you would like to have a more exciting life.
D
4 aMllyenrgeiicghtoboarn'simdaolgs.barks all the time, and it's driving
- you are worried about
c
a person who is controlling your life.
d Now use the information in to interpret
B's dream.
TFirst, you dreametd...about...
p Useful language
This represents...
This tmeellasnmseyothuaare going to...
5 mMye lcarpatzoyp! isn't working well -it's very slow.
Thank B and say: That's a good idea.
c
OR Thanks, but that's not a very good idea because...
Now listen to B's problem 1. Give him / her advice. Begin with one ofthe phrases below.
I think you should.. . You shouldn't. .. I don't think youshould...
d Continue with problems 2-5. 103
Communication
BC READING DIALOGUE Students A+B
a Work with a partner. First practice saying the names.
b
Hartley /'hartli/ the Montgomerys /man'gAmeriz/ Vivienne /'v1vi;m/ Heloise /elu'iz/
H (anxiously)
Act out the dialogue. Use the adverbs in parentheses to help you, and remember to pause at the commas.
Vivienne, you didn't answer my last letter. It took me a week to find your new address! Why didn't you
V (slowly)
answer me? You knew I was waiting to see you and hear from you.
Mr. Hartley, I don't know what to say to you. I understand all the advantages of your offer, and sometimes
H
I feel sure that I could be happy with you. But then sometimes I am less sure. l was born a city girl, and I am not sure that I would enjoy living a quiet life in the suburbs.
(seriously)
an't you?
My dear girl, you will have everything that you want. You can come to the city for the theater, for shopping, and to visit your friends as often as you want. You can trust me,
V I trust you completely. I know you are the kindest
H
of men, and that the girl who you get will be very lucky. I heard all about you when I was at the Montgomerys'.
Ah! I remember so well the evening I first saw you at the
Montgomer ys'. I will never forget that dinner. Come on, Vivienne, promise me. I want you. Nobody else will ever
give you such a happy home.
V
(suspiciously) Tell me, Vivienne, is there - is there someone else?
(defensively) You shouldn't ask that, Mr. Hartley. But I will tell you. There is one other person - but I haven't
promised him anything.
12A WHAT HAD HAPPENED? Student A
a
Look at the odd numbered sentences (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and
1 1) and think ofthe missing verb ([±] = affirmative verb, G = negative verb). Don't write anything yet!
had lived
Diana was very angry because her husband the dinner. G
We went back to see the house where we when we were children.
He couldn't catch the plane because he his passport. [±]
cleaned it for a long time.
The house was very dirty because nobody had
hadn't eaten
Vi.Te went back to the hotel where we on our honeymoon. [±]
I
The crocodile was hungry because it anything for two days.
had
After I left the store, Isuddenly remembered that for the jacket. G
I ran to the train station, but the last train left.
Naomi was surprised to hear that she the exam. [±]
read it.
I didn't want to lend Maria the book because I hadn't
started.
Jack was angry because I him to my party. G 12 They got to the movie theater late, and the movie had
Listen to B
b Read sentence 1 to B. Ifit's not right, try again until B
104
H (masterfully) Vivienne, you must be mine.
V (calmly) Do you think for one moment that I could come to your home while Heloise is there?
Change roles.
9A WOULD YOU KNOW WHAT
TO DO? Student A
b B C
a Read the answers to In the city.
B
Tell and the right answers and why the other ones are wrong.
c Listen to and C tell you about the other sections
Check your answers.
(In the country and In the water).
tells you "That's right." Then write in the verb.
d
c say sentence 2. Ifit's the same as 2 above, say "That's right." If not, say "Try again" until B gets it right.
Continue taking turns with sentences 3-1 2.
In the city
The answer is b. Dogs like to attack any part of you that is moving, usually hands or arms. It is also dangerous to turn your back on the dog. You shouldn't look the dog in its eyes because this will make him angry. Shouting '' down" or "go away" at the dog will not work because dogs usua lly only react to their master's voice.
2 The answer is a. Bees will usua lly fly out of an open window, but don't wave your hands around as bees follow movement and might try to sting you. And you shouldn't hit the bee because this will make the bee very angry. Of course, as soon as you can you should stop the car and open the doors.
l0A PASSIVES QUIZ Student A
a Complete your sentences with the verb in the passive and the right answer.
1 Until 1664 New York (call)... a New Amsterdam
b New Hampshire
c New Liberty
The Star Wars movies (direct) by... a George Lucas
b Steven Spielberg c Stanley Kubrick
The noun that (use) most frequently in conversation is...
a money b time c work
Penguins (find) ... a at the South Pole
b at the North Pole c in Alaska
The Italian flag (design) by...
a Garibaldi b Mussolini c Napoleon
The first cell phones (sell) in... a 1 963 b 1973 c 1983
The politician Winston Churchill (born) ...
a on a train b in a restroom c under a bridge
The electric chair_ (invent) by...
a a teacher b a dentist c a politician
b Read your sentences to B. B will tell you ifyou are right.
c Now listen to B's sentences. Say ifhe / she is right.
B's answers
The Smartphone was invented by IBM.
The Lord ofthe Rings movies were directed by Peter Jackson.
The book that is stolen most often from libraries is
The Guinness Book ofRecords.
In the world, 16,000 babies are born every hour.
Chess was invented by the Chinese.
The first Levi jeans were worn by miners.
Soccer was first played by the British.
In 1962, the original London Bridge was bought by a rich American.
12C GENERAL KNOWLEDGE QUIZ
Student A
a Complete your questions with the verb in parentheses in the simple past.
Who the battle ofWaterloo in 1815? (lose) a Duke ofWellington
b Bismarck
c Napoleon
Which Spanish actress an Oscar in 200 6? (win)
a Penelope Cruz
b Salma Hayek c Cameron Diaz
\Vho the movie Avatar? (direct) a Steven Spielberg
b James Cameron
c Ridley Scott
Which Formula 1 driver in 2007, bur returned to racing in 2010? (retire)
a Fernando Alonso
b Michael Schumacher
c Sebastian Vettel
Which Roman Emperor "I came I saw I conquered?" (say)
a Augustus b Nero c Julius Caesar
Who the world record for the 100- and 200- meter race at the Beijing Olympics? (break)
a Usain Bolt
b Carl Lewis
c Michael Johnson
Which painter off part ofhis ear? (cut) a Picasso b Van Gogh c Matisse
Who _ _ penicillin? (discover)
a Alexander Fleming
b B
b James Watson c Thomas Edison
Ask your questions. Give your partner one point for each correct answer.
c Answer B's questions. Who got the most right answers?
105
Communication
lA WHAT'S HIS NAME? HOW DO YOU
SPELL IT? Student B
Answer Ns questions.
Ask A questions to complete the missing information.
<;_:hoto I - What's her first name? How do you spell it?
Sorry? Can you say that again? Canyou repeat that?
j) AIf sykoiungdofnor'trheepaertoitriounnderstand somebody, you can say:
a Answer Ns questions about Oliver.
lC DESCRIBE AND DRAW Student B
A
A
Listen to A describing his / her painting. Try to draw it. Don't look at it. Ask questions to help you.
d
Now describe your painting for to draw.
Compare your drawings with the original paintings. Are they similar?
106
b Ask
Name | Alexander Oliver |
How old /? | 25 New York City |
Where / from? Where / live? | San Francisco |
What / do? What / like? | engineer sports, mdusico, vgiood |
WhaAt / not like? | books an m es dance clubs |
questions and complete the chart for Alexander.
2B AT, IN, ON Student B
a
Answer Ns questions using at, in, or on. Ask What aboutyou? for each question.
b Ask A your questions.
Where were you born?
What time do you usually get up during the week?
Where do you usually have lunch?
What time of day do you usually meet friends?
When do you usually go shopping?
Where do you usually do your English homework?
When do you do housework?
Where can you cake a nice walk near where you live?
3A WHAT ARE YOUR PLANS? Student B
Answer A's questions. Give more information.
Ask A your questions using going to. Ask for more information.
/ you / go out this evening?
What / you / have for dinner tonight?
What / you / wear tomorrow?
/ you / go anywhere next weekend?
What / you / do next summer?
When / you / do your English homework?
m
a
3C WHAT'S THE WORD? Student B
Look at the six words or phrases on your card. Think for a minute how you are going to define them.
SB THE FRIENDLIEST CITY Student B
a
Read about what happened when Tim did the three tests in Paris. Try to remember the information.
Paris
I
The photo test
aswkaesdsstoanmdeinggarindefnroenrst toof tahkeeEsifofmeleTpohwoetroasnodf Ime. Tbuhet ythceoyutldono'kt sthtoepplhaoutgohsi.ng when they saw my hat,
The shopping test
took the exact amount.
I wgaevnet tthoeamgareneanglortoocfere'suraon dcoI inbsouagnhdthseocmaerefrfullty.
The accident test
said to me, 'Are you OK?' He was Scottish!
vI eferyll bouvseyr,ibnuttheafCtehraampmsinEulyteseseosm. Tehoenestsrteoeptpweadsand
a painting generous shorts
boo(kvearfbl)ight Check-in a nurse
Listen to A:s definitions. Try to guess the words.
You have two minutes to communicate your words to A. Remember you can't use any part or form ofthe words on the card.
b Listen to A tell you what happened in New York. c In your own words tell A and C what happened
in Paris.
<;_,;!rst he did the photo test...
Listen to C tell you what happened in Rome.
Together decide which ofthe cities is the friendliest so far.
7A HOW TO... Student B
first date.
Read the article How to survive a
to survive at a party. Listen
A will tell you five tips for How
and when he or she finishes decide together which is the most important tip.
survive a first date. Then without
Look again quickly at How to
looking at the text tell A the five tips. When you finish decide with A which is the most important tip.
How to ... Survive a First Date (and make a success of it)
0
not to dress too sexily. Don't wear too much perfume or aftershave!
0 Tdhrei snskscmaraerftluyllbyuatbcoaustuwallhya(tntooswueitasr!)f. oIfrytohue adraetea.wIfoymouana,riet'as mimapno, rttrayntto
0
somebody you aren't.
pCahyo).oTsreyatoplgaocesotmhaetwishne'tretothoaetxispne'ntsvievrey(nyoiusyd.on't know who is going to C, oDnona 'ftirbset dtoaoteriosmn'taantgioc odn iadfeiars! t date. For example, arriving with a red rose C, Rdieem. Seilmenbceertisoaliksitlleenr monoraefitrshtadnaytoeu! Btealnkabtuurtadlo. Dn'otnL'ettptrheetceondnvteorbsaetion
Ifyou are a wmoanm, abne. aogffeenrttloempaaynyaonudr phaaylftohfetbhiellbaitllth(beuetnddoon'fttihnesisetv!e). ning.
107
Communication
a
6C DREAMS Student B
Last night you dreamt about these things. Prepare to tell A about your dream.
BA WHAT SHOULD I DO? Student B
a
Listen co A's problem 1. Give him / her advice. Begin with one of the phrases below.
I think you should. .. You shouldn't. .. I don't think you should... b Read your problem 1 to A. He / she will give you some advice.
P1roI bslheamres an apartment with a friend, but he/ she never does the
dI wisahnets!to take my boyfriend/ girlfriend somewhere really special on
SI naeteudrdsaoymneignhetw.
clothes for a wedding, but I don't know what to buy.
they're dirty.
45 IMtyhisnikstI'mergaelwttainygsabcoorrldow-sI hmavyecalohtehaedsa, cahnedawnhdeancIowugahnt. to wear them,
You are a psychoanalyst. Listen to A's dream. Number the things below in the order he / she talks about them.
D Taking a bath - you have a secret that
Thank A and say: That's a good idea.
OR Thanks, but that's not a very good idea because...
Continue with problems 2-5.
9A WOULD YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO?
Student B
a
nobody knows about.
D Dogs -you are looking for friends.
money.
D Losing hair - you are going to lose some
Lost luggage -
D a problem you have will soon get better.
D A river -you are going to be very lucky.
Read the answers to In the country.
In the country
3 The answer is c. If you tie a bandage or a piece of material above the bite, this will stop the poison from getting toyour hearttoo quickly. However, be careful not to tie it too tightly. You shouldn't put ice or a nything cold on the bite because this will make it more difficult to get the poison out Later, and never
108
Now use the information in b to interpret A's dream.
p FUisrsetfuyloluandgreuaamget about...
This represents...
This tmeellasnmseyothuaatr.e.. going to...
A
Change roles. Now A is a psychoanalyst.
Tell him / her about your dream. will tell you what it means.
0st night I dreamt about ice-cream...
tryto suck out the poison. If itgets into your mouth, it might go into your blood.
The answer is b. Ifyou are Lucky, the bull will change direction to follow the hat or bag and give you time to escape. It doesn't matter what color the shirt is. Bul ls don't see color-they only see movement. Don't try to run away because bulls can run incredibly fast, and you should n't shout or wave your arms because this will attract the bull's attention even more.
c A C In the country,
b Listen tO A tell you about In the city. Check your answers.
Tell and the right answers for and why the other ones are wrong.
d Listen co C tell you about In the water. Check your answers.
a
lOA PASSIVES QUIZ Student B
Complete your sentences with the verb in the passive and the right answer.
The Smartphone (invent) by... a Apple b Nokia c IBM
The Lord ofthe RinBs movies (direct) by... a Steven Spielberg
James Cameron c Peter Jackson
The book that (steal) most often from libraries is...
The Bible
The Guinness Book ofRecords
The Lord ofthe RinBs
In the world, 16,000 babies (born)...
a every second b every hour c every day
Chess (invent) by...
a the Egyptians b the Indians c the Chinese
The first Levi jeans (wear) by...
a mmers b farmers c cowboys
Soccer first (play) by...
a the British b the Romans c the Greeks
In 1 962, the original London Bridge (buy) by... a a rich American
b a museum
the Royal family
b Listen to A's sentences. Say ifhe / she is right.
A's answers
12A WHAT HAD HAPPENED?
a
Student B
hadn't
Look at the even numbered sentences (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 1 2) and think of the missingverb ([±] = affirmative verb, El= negative verb). Don't write anything yet!
to
cooked
2
1 Diana was very angry because her husband the dinner.
We went back see the house where we when we were children. [±]
his passport.
3 He couldn't catch the plane because he had forgotten
4
The house was very dirty because nobody it for a long time. [±]
honeymoon.
We went back to the hotel where we had stayed on our
The crocodile was hungry because it anything for two days. El
hadn't paid
After I left the store, I suddenly remembered that I for the jacket.
I ran to the train station, but the last train . [±]
the exam.
Naomi was surprised to hear that she had passed
I didn't want to lend Mariathe bookbecause I it. El
my party.
Jack was angry because I hadn't invited him to
They got to the movie theater late, and the movie . [±]
Listen to A say sentence 1. Ifit's the same as 1 above, say "That's right." Ifnot, say "Try again" until A gets it right.
Until 1664 New York was called New Amsterdam.
The Star Wars movies were directed by George Lucas.
The noun that is used most frequently in conversation is time.
Penguins are found at the South Pole.
The Italian flag was designed by Napoleon.
The first cell phones were sold in 1983.
The politician winston Churchill was born in a restroom.
The electric chair was invented by a dentist.
to
c Read your sentences A. Awill tell you ifyou are right.
Read sentence 2 A. If it's not right, try again until tells you "That's right." Then write in the verb.
A to
d
Continue taking turns with sentences 3-12.
2C SAD ENDING
Why didn't Hannah see the man who was crossing the street?
What happened?
Where did she go then and what did she do?
Who arrived at her house two hours later?
What news did she have for Hannah?
Howwas Jamie?
What did she tell Hannah about the car and the driver?
What happened in the end?
109
Communication
12C GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
QUIZ Student B
a Cpaormenptlheeteseysoiunrtqhueessitmiopnles wpaistht.the verb in
c George Bush
a(bfteecrohmise)father had been the US president? ba BJoilhlnCFli.nKteonnnedy
\,mVohvoie_M_am_mtaheMpiaa?rt(polfatyh)e mother in the
b Julia Roberts
a Meryl Streep
c Sandra Bullock
SB THE FRIENDLIEST CITY Student c
to remember the information.
a RteesatsdianbRouomt weh. Tatryhappened when Tim used the three
l Who President ofthe US eight years
Rome
The photo test
sI oasmkeedphaovteorsy. Scheictwookma npwhohtoowoafsmweewaritinhgmsyuhngatlaossneasntdo tthaekne wasikthedoumt emtyohtaatk. eTha epnhaonto ohfehr eprh! oto with my sunglasses. Then she
The shopping test
any change.
Iwbaosutghhrteea enuerwossp. aI pgearvefrtohme amnaenwfsotuarnedurnoesa,ratnhde htreadinidsnt'at tgioivne. Imt e
The accident test
Roger Federer
yWeahriscihnteanrnowis bpelatyweeren 2003Wanimd 2b0le0d7o?n(wfivine)
a
bc NRaofvaaekl DNjaodkaolvic
eI wigehnttpteooaplbeuismymsetrdeiaetenlyeahrutrhrieedsttaotihoen.lpWmhee.n I fell down, about
A B
b Listen to A and B tell you what happened in London and Paris. c In your own words,tell and what happened in Rome.
110
Who the Sistine Chapel? (paint)
c Raphael
ba LMeiocnhaerldaondgaeVloinci
2003? (win)
Which movie _eleven Oscars in
b
a
The KinB7s Speech The Queen
b the Romans
6 w to enter the
c The Return ofthe King cWithyoof Troy? (auseo)oden horse a the Greeks
7 boxer to fight in the
c the Persians
WViehtincahmfawmaoruisn 1 967? (refuse)
b Joe Frazier
a Muhammad Ali
b
8 (invent)
c Sugar Ray Robinson Who the telephone?
a Marconi b Bell c Stephens Answer A's questions.
the most right answers?
c Aonsek pA ynotufroqrueesthiocnos.reGcitveanysowuerrp. aWrthnoergot
<;;!rst, he used the photo test...
d Together decide which of the cities is the friendliest so far.
9A WOULD YOU KNOW WHAT TO DO? Student c
Read the answers to In the water.
In the water
The answer is c. If a jellyfish stings you, you should clean the sting with vinegar because this stops the poison. If you don't have any vinegar, use ocean water. But don't use fresh water, for example waterfrom a tap or mineral water, because this will make the sting hurt more. And you shouldn't rub the sting because this will make it worse, too. After you have washed the sting, you should clean off any bits oftentacles that are on your skin. And take a pain killer!
The answer is a. If you are near the shore and the shark is not too close, you can proba bly swim to the shore without attracting its attention. For this reason it is important to swim smoothly and not splash or make sudden movements. Keeping still is dangerous because if the shark swims in your direction, it will see you and it will attack you. Don't shout because shouting will provoke the shark and it will attack you.
other ones are wrong.
and In the country). Check your answers.
Lthisetecnittyo A and B cell you the answers in the other sections (In c Tell A and B the right answers for In the water and why the
DESCRIBING A PERSON
Read Charlie's email. The computer has found ten mistakes.
They are � � or � mistakes. Can you
' '
correct them?
TForo: m:
Charlie [barcacarlos@hotmail.com] Lucy [lucyathome1989@yahoo.com]
Subject: Hi from Mexico
Hi Lucy,
My name's Charlie. Well, it's really Carlos, but everyone calls me Charlie. I'm from Mexico City, and I live at home with my parents and my dog.
�, and I'm in college. I'm � physics. I'm in my last year, and I really like it.
I'm going to tell you about myself. As you can see from the io!Q, I have black hair and .Q(QYllQ§ eyes. My father always says I have a big nose, but I don't think so, I think it's a nice nose!
I think I'm a positive person. My � say I'm funny and it's true. I like making people laugh. But I � serious too when I need to be!
I .Q9.Q! have JlIB.QY free time � when I'm not in class, I have to do projects or write reports. But when I can, I like watching TV series, especially
science fiction series and comedies. I watch them in � with subtitles. I also like playing computer games like World of Warcraft and Starcraft.
Please write soon and tell me about you and your life.
Best wishes,
Charlie
Read the email again from the beginning. Then cover it and answer the questions from memory.
Where's Charlie from?
What's his real name?
5
4
Who does he live with? What does he do? What does he look like?
What's he like?
What are his favorite free-time activities?
==-----==
Write a similar email about you or a person you know. Write four paragraphs.
Paragraph 1 | wnaomrke/, nsattuidoynality, age, family, |
Paragraph 2 | physical appearance |
Paragraph 3 | personality |
Paragraph 4 | hobbies and interests |
Check your email for mistakes (�,
�, and �).
� p.7
Writing 111
MY FAVORITE PHOTO
sOisnteero, fChfarvisotyr.ite photos is this one of me and my
family New York City.
2M0y1 1dawdhteonowk tehwe eprheoto _ vactahtieosnpwrinitgh oofur
Wpreetwtyefraemaot uaspplaacrek cbaelhleidndBtryhaenNtePwarYk.oIrtk'sCaity wPuebrelicstLaibnrdairnyg in front omfitdhtoewJonseMpahninheatSthaanw. We ManedmmoarikailnFgowunisthaeins., tMhyrodwadinwg acos tineslliingthues walal ter faibrsotuftotuhnetahiinstionryNeowf tYheorfkoCuintytadine-dicitawteadsttohea
wanodmI awne. rWe jhuesnt jmumy dpaindgtoanodk trhuennpihnogto, my sisttehr e
fountain and being silly.
Irelomviendths ismpehooftoa gberecatusdeayit'isnhtahpepcyi,tya.nd it
New York City.
Imhyacvoemthpeutpehrowtoith other phaoftroasme and_ _
Match the questions with paragraphs 1-5.
D What was happeing when you took the photo?
D Where do you keep it?
0 Why do you like it?
D What's your favorite photo?
D Who took it? When? Where?
Complete the text with in, of, on, or around.
Write about your favorite photo. Answer the questions in a in the right order.
Check your description for mistakes (grammar, punctuation, and spelling). Attach a copy ofthe photo ifyou can. Show your description to another student. Is the photo similar in any way to yours?
-< p.15
j) Yinou acnanaklbeuemp.a photo...on
a frame.
your wbeadllreoto. m.
athteabwleal.l.
your pcohmonpeu.ter.
by your bed.
112
3 AN INFORMAL EMAIL
Omar is a student from Peru who's going to study English in the US. He's
Best wishes Dear Omar
going to stay with a family. Read the email from Mrs. Barnes and complete it with expressions from the list.
P.S. Looking forward to hearing from you
Read the email again and answer the questions.
When is Omar coming to the US?
How is he traveling?
Who is going to meet him at the airport?
Does Omar have to share a room?
Does LookinBforward to hearinBfi'omyou mean... ?
I hope you write again soon.
I'm going to write to you again soon.
Does P.S. mean...?
a This isn't very important information. b I forgot to say this before.
Why does Mrs. Barnes send Omar a photo?
Imagine you are going to stay with Mrs.
Barnes. Answer her email using your own information. Write three paragraphs. End the email with Best wishes and your name.
Paragraph 1 | Thank her for her email. |
Paragraph 2 | Say when you are arriving, etc. |
Paragraph 3 | Answer her other questions. |
Check your email for mistakes (grammar, punctuation, and spelling).
� p.23
From: Emily Barnes [Barnes@hotmail.com] To: Kerem [omarespinosa@yahoo.com]
Subject: Your trip
your stay with us.
area. Can you send us your cell phone number, too?
tTohsatnaky ywoiuthfoursytohiusr seummamil.eWr, ea'nred vweery'rehaspurpey ythoaut'ryeoguo'riengcotomei njoy Wflighhatt ntiummebaerreaynoduaarrivivailntgimaet ,NweewcaarknAailrlpmoerte?t Iyf oyuouinstehnedaurrsivyaolsur
see in the US?
Cgooiunlgd byaocukatlosoPgeirvue? uIss tshoemreeaontyhtehriningfoyromuactaionn't?eWathoart draiynka?reDyoou yaonou twhearnst tyuoduernot?wnIsrtohoemre, oarnywtohuinldg ysopeucliikael ytoushwaoreulda lrikoeomtowdiothor
2
3
Emily Barnes
recognize us at the airport!
4 I'm attaching a photo of the family so you can
Writing 113
4 DESCRIBING WHERE YOU LIVE
a Read the text and complete it with these words.
c Wlivrei.tWe arditeesfcirviepptiaornagorfatphhesp. lAacneswererteheyou nquoteesstionnsthine bquienstthioenrsiginhtbo.rder. First, make
naraetauree-i-1:p-yopfuolaotdionhisrtioverircs mwoedaetrhner
d Check your email for mistakes (grammar,
b Match the questions with paragraphs 1-5.
D What's it famous for?
D What's the weather like?
D What's the best thing about it? Do you Like Living there? D What's your hometown like? What is there to see there? D Where do you live? Where is it? How big is it?
dpeusnccrtiupatitoionnt,oaontdhsepresltluindgen). tSshinowyoyuorucrlass. mWohsitclhikpelatcOevtihsiatt? you read about would you
� p.39
I Live in Kayseri, which is an important 1city
3 The 6 i in Kayseri is typical of the Middle Anatolia
tCoaupripsatds oincia _, so there are a Lot of
3
Kayseri is one of the richest c ties in Turkey
oinfCoevnetrr1a,0l A00n,a0t0o0liapeinoTpulerk. eIty's. Intehaarstah2e_famous_ th summer.
town, and there are also many _
2 because it has a Lot of industry.4It is a university
Hatun Mosque, and the Grand Bazaar round
buildings, for example Kayseri Castle, Hunat
Cumhuriyet Square, with its famous statue
sreugmiomne. Wrs anrteerhsoatraencdolddrya. nI tdssonmoewtyim-egsreraaitnfsoi nr stkhieinsgp-rianngd
and fall.
cLohcaaml pspioencsiahliiptise.sItL'iskealpsaosftiarmmoa,us for its and has many
7
4 Kayseri is famous for its mountains. Mount Erciyes is the sMyomubnotlAolfi thherceitayrea nndatitiohnaaslaanwdeilnl-tkenrnoawtniosnkailrpeasroargt,liadnindgon
spas, which are only a short distance away.
and manti, which is a kind of Tuwrkhisichhraisvidorliie.Tdhbeeye'rfewdiethlicsipoicues!s,
restaurants.
orefsAidteanttuirk. But Kayseri also has 5 _
5 W8 hat I Like b. WesthaebnoI'umt tKiareydseorfi icsittyhaLitfew, eI caarne esaoscillyogsettout
114
buildingsa, lsahroepaps ifnugllmoaflLlusx, aunryd asptyalritsmh ent
and enjoy the mountains, 9_ _, waterfalls, and thermal
A FORMAL EMAIL
From: Ryou Yamada (yamadar998@yahoo.co.jp]
To: Beacon Intensive Language School [info@BILS.edu]
aI hbaovuet ilnotoeknesdivaetcyoouurrswesebnesxitet ,sbuumtmtheerr. eCiosunldo yinofuorpmleaatisoen
tUonimiveprrsoivtyeomf yToliskyteon. iIncgaannrdeasdpeEankginligs.h quite well, but I need
twoourosretsh. rIeaemweeskpse.cIiaalmly i3nt1e, raensdteIdwinorakni ninttheenslibivrearcyoautr the
cI am writing to ask for information about your language se of
Subject: Information about courses
Dear Sir / Madam,
Ryou Yamada
Sincerely,
I look forward to hearing from you.
moer atwtehe seanmd ewfhaemnily'asmhoamt teh?e school. Could she stay with
lIikweosuoldmleikeintforsmtaaytiownithabaofuatmaiclyc. oMmymwoidfeatisiognso.inIfgptosvsisibitlem, e f a I
send me information about dates and prices? I would also
Read the email to a language school. Check (✓) the questions that Ryou wants the school to answer.
D How much do the courses cost?
D When do the courses start and end?
D How many students are there in a class?
D Are there business English classes?
D Where can I stay?
D Where are the teachers from?
Look at the higblighted expressions. How would they be different in an informal email (or letter)?
Formal | Informal |
Dear Sir / Madam, | |
I am writing | |
I would like | |
I look forward to hearing from you. | |
Sincerely, |
For more information email us at info@golfinflorida.com
Read the advertisements and choose a course. Think of two or three questions you would like to ask.
Write a formal email asking for information.
Write two paragraphs.
Paragraph 1 | Explain why you are writing, and give some personal information. |
Paragraph 2 | Ask your questions, and ask them to send you information. |
Check your email for mistakes (grammar, punctuation, and spelling).
� p.57
Writing 115
A BIOGRAPHY
b
a Read the biography of Norah Jones. Then cover the text and try to remember three things about her.
Put the verbs in parentheses in the simple past or present perfect.
p Writing a biography - use oftenses
Norah Jones
her parents (separate) and later got divorced,
born
NoacratrheJsos.nSehseis1 wanasAmerica(bnesibnogrenr-)sionn1g9w79ritinerNaenwd York
dIfeyaodu, twhreitveearbsiowgrilal pahll yboefina tpheerssoimn pwlheopiasst. Ibfethinetpherssoimnpisleaplivaes,ta(sllufcinhisahsetdhaecpteiorsnosnw'sill
married, moved to another town, etc.).
etacrl.y, olirfsep, e.cgi.f,icwaacstbioonrns,inwtehnetirtolifceo, lele.gg.e, ,got
fHoorwuenvfienri,syhoeudmacutsitonusethtahtesptraersteendtinpethrfeect
cphasatngaen)d, ea.rge.,sSthillethruaes wnoown n(ainned Gwrhaimchmmyight
aCnitdy.hHeremr foa t2her iis tRhaevicSohnacnekratrp, arofdamucoeursSIunedJiaonnseista. rInpl1 a9y8e6r,, and Norah went to live in Texas with her mother.
towf o (go) to th e University
Norah 3 (be) interested in music all her life. When she wdaifsfeyroeunntgc,hsohiersp. lSahyee4d the saxophone and she was in
she (meet) Jesse Harris. She s6tarted a band
N5orth Texas to study jazz piano, and while she was there
awards. She has appeared in several movies.
cUosnettinhueosuims)ptloe tparleksaebnotu(torthperepsreenstent day,
ne.egw., Sahlbeulmiv.es in New York. She's working on a
Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 | wbohrenr,ethaenidr ewahrelynlitfheey were (simple past) (theisr life as pa eyoung adult |
Paragraph 3 | tmheoir tly simlif l apast) eir life now s latper ,e nsd th p r ct |
(simimpplelepraesstenptre/ pernetsenetfe , continuous) |
Write a biography of someone you know, or ofa famous person, who is still alive. Write three paragraphs. Make notes before you begin.
Check your biography for mistakes
wtoitghethhimer aoynemaranlaytedri,ffaenrdesnitnpcreotjhecetnst. hey In 1 999, she 7 (move) to
New York City, and in 200 I she
9
nine Grammy
(win)
8 five albums,
(make)
sNigonte Raeccoorndtsr.aScitnwceitthhBelnusehe asuncdctehsesyfuhla. vSeheall been very
movies, including
aowvearrd3s7amndillhioasn saolbldums awpopreldawreiddein. Ssheevehraasl also
My Blueberry Nights.
i n N e w York. Right now she
Sohne hrealsabtieoennshinipo, nly with L10ee Alexander, but
(work)
(grammar, punctuation, and spelling).
they
(break
� p.73
Show your biography to other students in the class. Which ofyour classmates' biographies is the most interesting?
up) in 2007. She still lives
is working on a new album.
116
AN OPINION ESSAY
Read the article once. Do you agree with what it says?
Read the article again and complete the blanks with a word or phrase from the list. Use capital letters where necessary.
agree?
fiF1inmaly-lye13tF1iefl
finirssttelayd
ftoorceoxnacmlupdle
thirdly
DO YOU AGREE?
1
Every time I turn on the television, I'm sure to find a sports show on one of the channels. If I change channels, there will probably be a sports show or a sports report on other channels, too, especially on the weekend. /n my opinion there are definitely too many sports shows on TV for the following reasons.
2 , if you compare sports with other TV shows, sports completely dominate. The only time you can watch talk shows or game shows or soap operas is on weekday mornings or afternoons. This is not fair to people who like other kinds of TV shows, 3 dramas, politcal shows, or documentaries.
Secondly, the sports shows on TV are not only the im portant games. Every week they show boring games from college and even high school divisions.
4 , I also believe that, on the weekend, most
Yaroeutaoroe gmoainngytroewarliittey asnhoarwtiscloencaTllVed"."DToheyroeu With a partner decide ifyou agree or not,
and think ofthree offour reasons.
Write the article. Write four or five paragraphs.
Paragraph 1 | Wadraitpetatnheinitnrtordoudcutciotino.nYionuthcaenmodel article. Say if you agree or not. |
pMaidradgleraphs | GpaivreagyroauprhrseawsitohnsF.irBsetlgyi,nStehceondly, W(Thirdly,) and Finally. his should b a rmite a rcoonfclusiaotn (ot i n |
Lparatgraph | smuiddmleapyaragwrahphsy). u wr te i the |
Check your article for mistakes (grammar, punctuation, and spelling). Show your article to other students in the class. How many ofyour classmates agree with you? How many disagree?
-,<p.85
people want to relax in front of the television. Many people, including me, don't li ke sports, and prefer to see good movies or funny comedy shows.
5 , I think that even on news programs there is too much information about sports. It is very annoying when they talk about sports for hours every day, especially when there are more i mportant things happening in the world.
5 , I think TV shou Id show fewer sports shows, especially on the weekend. 7_ _ it should show other kinds of shows and more movies. On news programs they should talk
about important things that are happening in the world,
not about sports.
Writing 117
Listening
118
1 14l))
My first impression ofAlexander was that he was much older than me. In fact, he was 32, but I thought he was older. But when we started talking, l really liked him. He was extroverted and funny, and he had a very good sense ofhumor. He works for a TV station, and he cold me a lot ofgood stories about his work. Hewasalso interested in the same things as me-anand music, and we talked a lot about that.
Physically he wasn't really my type. It's hard to say why. He was tall and dark and very good-looking, and he had anice smile but there justwasn't any chemistry between us. I could imagine going to a concert or the theater with him, bur as a friend. Sorry Mom, bur no.
1 15>))
When ! firstsaw Oliver l thought he looked warm and friendly, and more attractive than Alexander. He was tall with short blond hair, and be had amazing blue eyes, kind oflike the actor Ryan Gosling. He was kind ofshy and quiet at first but when we started talking he relaxed, and we found we had a lotofrh ings in common -we both like books and movies. He was generous, too- he wanted to pay for everything. I really enjoyed the evening. When it was time to go, he asked for my phone number and said he wanted to meet again. \Ve walked out of the restaurant and went to look for a taxi. And then somethinghappened, and I knew that itwas impossible for me to go out with him. He said "Finally!" and tookour apack ofcigarettes. Tharwas it. f could never have a boyfriend who was a smoker.
I think maybe for my next date I'm going to choose the man myself. I don't think another person can reallychoose a partner foryou.
1 24l))
MrandMrs Clarkand Percy is by artist David Hockney, and it's considered to be one ofthe greatest British paintings ofthe 20th century. It was painted in 1971, andit's a portrait oftwo ofhis friends, Ossie Clark andhis wife Celia, and their cat Percy. Ossie Clark and Celia were fashion designers, and they had a very successful clothes store in London. In the I 960s, they dressed a lot ofthe famous pop stars ofthe time, includingThe Rolling Stones and Eric Clapton.
Hockney painted Ossie and Celia a few months after they got married in their apartment at Notting Hill in London. He painted them in their bedroom because he liked the light there, and on the wall on the left ofrhe window you can see one ofhis own paintings.
Mrand Mrs Clark andPercy is a very big painting, approximately 9 feet, IO incheswide and 6 feet,
7 inches high.The couple iswearing typical clothes ofthe late I 960s. Celia is wearing a long dress, and in fact she was expecting a baby at that time. Her husband isn't weari ng any shoes, and he's putting his feet into the rug This was because Hockney had a lot ofproblems painting his feet. Hejust couldn't get them right.
Hockney said that his aim with this painting was to paint the relationship between the cwo people.
Traditionally, when a painter paintsa married couple the woman is sitting down and the man is standing up. In this painting, the man is sitting and the woman is standing. Usually in apainting the married couple is close together, but in th.is paint ing they are separated by a big open window which symbolizes the distance between them. The white cat, sitting on Mr. Clark, is a symbol ofinfidelity. It
seems that Hockney didn't think that their marriage was going to bevery happy, and in fact, the couple got divorced four years later.
Celia often posed as a model for Hockney, bur she says that this pai nting, his most famous picture ofher, is not her favorite. She said, "It's a wonderful painting, but it makes me look too heavy." In 1996, twenty five years after this picture was painted, Ossie Clark died. He wasmurdered by his lover in his Kensington apartment.
1 26>))
My name's Jenny Zielinski. I live and work in New York. f'm the assistanteditorofa magazine called NewYork24seven. A few months ago, I visited our office in London to learn more about the company I met the manager, Daniel O'Connor. r had lots ofmeetings with him, ofcourse. And aworking dinner on my birthday... But l spentmoretimewith Rob Walker. He'sone ofthe writers onthe London magazine. We had coffees together 'Ne went
sightseeing. I even helped Rob buy a shirt! He was fun to be with. I liked him a lot. l think heliked me, too. Rob isn't the most punctual person in the world, bur he is a great writer. \Ve invited him to work for the New York magazine for a month ... and he agreed! So now Rob's coming to New York. I know he's really excited about it. It's going to be great to see h.irn again.
29>))
Jenny So, here youare in New York at last.
Rob Yeah, it's great to be here.. Ir's really exciting.
Jenny And how's your hotel?
Rob It's fine. My room is really...nice.
Jenny Do you have a good view from your room? Rob I can see Jots ofother buildings.
Jenny Tomorrow I'm going to show you around the office andintroduce you to the team. Barbara's looking forward to meeting you. You remember, Barbara, my boss?
Rob Oh.. .yeah, sorry.
Jenny And then you can start thinking about your blog and the column. Have you got any ideas yet, Rob? ... Rob?
Rob What? Sorry, Jenny.
Jenny You must be really tired.
Rob Yes, I am a bit. What time is it now?
Jenny It's nine o'clock.
Rob Nine o'clock? Thar's two o'clock in the morning for me.
Jenny Let's finish our drinks. You need to go to bed.
Rob I guess you're right.
Jenny So, I'll see you in the office at eleven in the morning.
Rob At eleve.n?
Jenny ls tharOK?
Rob It's perfect. Thanks, Jenny.
Jenny There's just one thing.
Rob What'sthat?
Jenny Don't be lace.
Rob By the way. It'sgreatto seeyou again.
Jenny Yeah. It's great to see you, coo.
1 34l))
Mia Ir was a really terrible vacation. Ir was my fault, I mean I wanted to go to Thailand, bur I knew be.fore I went that I didn't really want to have a ser:iousrelationshipwith Toe. And the vacation just showed how differenr we are. Hei rrirared
me all the rime. He wanted to stay in some really cheap hostels be.cause he thought the hotels we.re too expensive. I didn't want 5-srar luxury, bur
when I go on vacation I want to be comfortable. The places where Toe wanted ro stay were very basic and had very small rooms. There's nothing worsethan being in avery small room with someone when you're not getting along very well. Another thing I didn't like was that Joe got very jealous. \\Then you're traveling, part ofthe fun is talking coother travelers, but he hated it ifl talked to other people, especially other men. And then he kept raking phocos! Hundreds of them. Every time we saw a monument he said, "Go and stand over there so I can take a photo." l hate being in photos.
I just wanted to enjoy the sights. The vacation was all a big mistake. Never go on vacation with a
boyfriend ifyou're not sure about the relationship. It's sure to be a disaster!
1 35l))
Linda Oh, it was a wonderful vacation. l loved every minute! Costa Rica is just a paradise. We did everything- we went on a zipline tour, we did all kindsoffun nature activ ities, and we had some
l
amazingmeals. And you know, everyone says that Costa Rica is expensive, but I didn't think it was it wasn't an expensivevacation at all. thought it was pretty reasonable. We all got along very well. I think I'm goingto suggest to Isabelle and Laura that we go on vacati on together again next year. ..
1 44>))
In May 1968, I came back ro Paris. It was a very excitingtime. There were a lot ofdemonstrations and fighting between students and the police. I wasn't really interested in politics- I wasn't a communist or an anarchist. But I loved the atmosphere. All the students were fighting for freedom, for revolution, and the French police were everywhere. On May the 15th, I was with thousands ofotheryoung people.
We were walking coward the Place de la Bastille. I was tired, so a friend picked rneup and l sat on his shoulders. Another boywhowas walking next tous was carryi11g a Vietnamese flag (it wasthe time ofthe Vietnamwar) and he saidtome, "Hey, couldyou carry the flagfor me?" and I said OK. The.re was so much happening that I didn't notice all the photographers. The next day the photo was on the cover ofmagazines all over the world. \\/hen my grandfather saw it, he immediately ordered me to come to his house. He was furious- really really angry. He said, "That's it! You're a communist! I'm nor going to leave you anything. Nor a penny!" l walked out ofthe room, and I never saw him again. Six months later he died, and l didn't get any money from him. Nothing.
1 50>))
Happy ending
Narrator Suddenly, a man ran across the street. He was wearing a dark coat so Hannah didn't see him at first. Quickly she pllt her foot on the brake. She stopped just in time. She got out ofher car and shouted at the man.
Hannah Don'tyou usually look before you cross the street? I almost hit you. I didn't see you until the last minute.
Jamie Sorry! Hey, Hannah, it's me. It's Jamie.
Hannah Jamie! What areyou doing here? I almost killed you!
Jamie I wasbuying something. I was in a hurry, and I crossed the street without looking.
Hannah Come on. Ger in!
Narrator Hannah and Jamie drove to the coffee shop. They satdown in rhe.ir usual seats and ordered two cups ofcoffee.
Waiter Here youare. Two cappuccinos.
Hannah/ Jamie Thanks.
Hannah What an evening! I almost killed you.
Jamie Well, you didn't kill me, so what's the problem?
Hannah But what were you doing on Bridge Street? I thoughtyou were here, in the cafe, waiting for me.
Jamie I went ta the theater to buy these tickets for the Scouting For Girls concert. I know yon
wanted to go. And it's on the October 15th- next Saturday. Om anniversary.
Hannah Our anniversary?
Jamie Yes. Three months since we first met. \Ve met on Saturday, July 1 5th. Remember?
>))
Hannah Gosh, Jamie. I can't believe you remember the exact day! \Vhat a romantic! It's lucky I didn't hityou on the street. ..
1 51
Sad ending
Narrator Suddenly, a man ran across the street. He was wearing a dark coat so Hannah didn't see him at first. Quickly she put her foot on the brake. Although Hannah tried to stop she couldn't. She hit the man. Hannah panicked. She drove away as fast as she could. \1/hen she arrived at the coffee shop, Jamie wasn't there. She called himbut his cell phone was turned off. She waited for ten minutes and then she went home. Two hours later a car arrived at Hannah's house. A police officer knocked ac the door.
Police officer Good evening, ma'am. Are you Hannah Davis?
Hannah Yes, I am.
Police officer I'd likecospeaktayou. Can I come in?
Narrator The police officer came in andsacdown on the sofa.
Police officer Are you a friend ofJamie Dixon?
Hannah Yes,
Narrator said Hannah.
Police officer Well, f'm afraid I have some bad news for you.
Hannah What? What's happened? Policeofficer Jamie had an accident this evening. Hannah Ohno! What kind ofaccident?
Policeofficer He was crossingthe street and a car hit him.
Olivia Yes, I'm really looking forward to it. Interviewer Are you feeling nervous at all? Olivia A little, because I don't speak much Spanish.
But they're going to give us a 40-hour language course when we arrive, so I hope that's enough to start with.
Interviewer Well, good luck and have a great time.
Olivia Thanks. I'm sure it's going to be an amazing experience.
Matthew
Interviewer Excuse me, do you have a minute?
Matthew Yeah, OK.
Interviewer 'Nhere are yougoing?
Matthew To Australia.
Interviewer That's a long flight. Are you going to stop on the way?
Matthew No, I'm going direct to Melbourne.
Interviewer Why Melbourne?
Matthew I'm going to workthere. I'm a model and we're going to do a photo shoot for a magazine.
Interviewer That sounds exciting. What kind of clothes areyou going to model?
Matthew Winter clothes, for next season. lt's winter in Australia now, so it's going to be pretty cold . That's why we're going there.
Interviewer Ofcourse, it's their winter. How cold do you chink. it's going to be?
Matthew l'm not really sure. About 45 to 50 degrees Farhenheit during the day and colder at night, T suppose.
Interviewer Well, have a good trip, and I hope the photos are fabulous!
Matthew Thanks.
Lily
Lily
Interviewer Excuse me, do you have a minute?
OK, sure.
Interviewer Where are you going?
Lily To San Francisco.
I'm going to a conference.
LIniltyerviewer Why are you going there?
Interviewer So it's a work trip.
Lily Yes. BurT'm alsogoing to see anold friend there. Actually, an old boyfriend. Someone I went out with a long time ago.
Interviewer When did you decide to meet up again?
Host Well, just cry and relaxand play What's the Word? with us. Ifyou're watching the show for the firsttime, here's how we play the game. As you can see, Martin has a TV screen in front ofhim and sixwords are going to appear on the screen. Marrin has two minutes to describe the words to Lola so that she can guess whatthey are. But he
can't use any part of the words on the screen. So, for example, ifthe word is taxi driver, he can't use the word taxi or driver or drive.
Host Marcin, Lola, are you ready?
2 3>))
Host Marcin, Lola, are you ready?
Martin/Lola Yes.
Host OK, Martin you have two minutes to describe your six words starting now!
Martin OK, word number l. lt's a person. It's somebody who works in a hospital.
Lola A doctor.
Martin No, no, no... it's the person who helps the doctor and takes care ofthe patients.
Lola Oh,a [bleep].
Martin That's right. Word number 2. It's a place. It's somewhere where people go when they want to buy things.
Lola A store.
Martin Not exactly. It's bigger and you can buy all kinds ofdifferent things there, especially food.
Lola A [/Jleep]?
Martin Yes, good job. OK, word number 3. It's a thing. It's something that we use for everything nowadays. For the Internet, for talking ta people, for taking phocos... It's a kind ofgadget. Everyone has one.
Lola A [bleep]?
Martin That's it! Word number 4. lt's an adjective.
It's the opposite ofdark.
Lola Light?
Martin It's like light, but you only use it to describe hair.
Lola [bleep]?
Martin Yes! Word number 5. It's an adjective again. Uh...You use it to describe a person who's
... Uh, who's quick at learning things.
Lola Intelligenc?
Martin No, but it's similar to intelligent. Ir's the
Hannah When..W. hen did this happen? And where?
Lily \\fell, I knew he was working at the University
opposite ofstupid.
Policeofficer This evening at 5:25. He was crossing Bridge Street by the theater.
Hannah Oh, no! How is he?
Police officer He's in the hospital. He has a bad injury to his head and two broken legs.
Hannah But is he going to be OK?
Police officer We don't know He's in intensive care.
Hannah Oh, no. And the driver ofthe car?
Police officer She didn't stop.
Hannah She?
Police officer Yes, it was a woman in a white car. Somebodysaw the car's license plates. Yon have a white car outside don't yon, ma'am? Is your number plate XYZ 348S?
Hannah Yes...yes, it is.
Police officer Canyou telI me whereyou were at 5:25 this evening?
1 55>))
Olivia
Interviewer Excuse me, do you have aminute?
Olivia Yes, sure.
Interviewer \Vhere are yougoing?
Olivia To Nicaragua.
Interviewer For a vacation?
Olivia No, I'm going ta do volunteerwork. I'm going to teach English to young children.
Interviewer \\There exactly in Nicaragua are you going?
Olivia To a town called Esteli. It's about 93 miles from Managua.
Interviewer Howlongare yougoingto be there for?
Olivia I'm going to be in Esteli for six weeks, and after that I'm going to travel around Nicaragua for a month.
Interviewer That sounds amazing.
of San Francisco, so when the conference came up about a month ago I got in touch with him on Face.book.
Interviewer Is he going to meet you at the airport?
Lily l don'tthink so! Butwhoknows?
Interviewer How do you feelabout it?
Lily Pretty excited. Tc's goingto be strange meeting again after all theseyears.
to
Interviewer Well, good luck. I'm sure you're going have a great rime. And enjoy the conference,
too.
>))
Lily Thankyou very much.
1 62
Ben Hi. This is Ben \Vest. Sorry I can't rake your call. Please leave a message.
Lily Hi Ben . It's me, Lily. Hope you're OK. I've booked my flight and hotel. I'm coming on Sunday May 2nd- I couldn't get a flight on the first. I'm flying from Boston on JetBlue, and I'm arriving in San Francisco at 2:40 p.m. I'm going back on Saturday the 8th leaving at 12:35 p.m. I'm staying at a hotel near the convention center. It's called the Hotel Nikko or Nekko- I'm not sure how you pronounce it, but it's N-l-K K O. I'm sure you know it. I'll call yoLI on Sunday night when I get there. See you soon - I'm really looking forward to seeing you again.
2 2>))
to
Host Good evening, ladies and gentlemen and welcome to What'sthe Word? And our first contestants tonight are Martin and Lola. Hello you both. Are you nervous?
Lola Justalittle.
Lola [bleep]!
Martin Yes, right. And word numbersix, the last one. OK. It's averb. For example, you do this to theTV.
Lola Watch?
Martin No... It's what you do when you finish watching TVat night.
Lola Uh...go to bed?
Martin No! Come on! You do it to the TV before you go to bed.
Lola Oh, [bleep]?
Martin Yes!
2 8>))
Jenny Well, I think that's everything What do you think ofthe office?
Rob It's brilliant. And much bigger than our place in London.
Jenny Oh, here's Barbara. Rob, this is Barbara, the editor ofthe magazine.
Barbara It's good ta finally meetyou, Rob.
Rob It's great tobe here.
Barbara Is this your first time in New York?
Rob No, I came here when I was eighteen. But only for a few days.
Barbara \\Tell, r hopeyou get to know New York much better this time!
Jenny Barbara, I'm going to take Rob out for lunch.
\Vould you like to come with us?
Barbara I'd love co, but unfortunately I have a meeting at one. So, 1'11 see you later. We're meeting at three, [ think.
Jenny That's right.
Barbara Have a nice lunch. Holly Hey, are you Rob Walker? Rob Yes.
Listening 119
Holly Hi, I'm Holly. Holly Tyler.
Rob Hello, Holly.
Holly We're going to be working together.
Jenny Really?
Holly Didn't Barbara tell you? I'm going to be Rob's photographer!
Jenny Oh, well.. .We're just going for lunch.
Holly Cool! I can come with you. I mean, I had a sandwichearlier, so I don't needto eat. But Rob and I can talk. Is that OK?
Jenny Sure.
2 11 l))
Holly So let's go.
Holly So tell me, Rob. Whatare you going to write about?
Rob Well, to scanwith, my first impressions of New York. Youknow, the nightlife, the music, things like that.
Holly Areyouplanning to do any interviews? Rob I'd like to. Doyouhave any suggestions? Holly Well, I know some great musicians.
Rob Musicians?
Holly You know, guys in bands. And I also have some contacts in the theater and dance.
Rob That would be great.
Holly Maybe we could go to a show, and after you could talk tothe actors.
Rob I really like that idea.
Waitress Can I bringyou anything else? Jenny Couldwe havethe check, please? Waitress Yes, ma'am. Here'syour check.
Jenny Thanks. Excuse me. I think there's a mistake.
\Ve had two bottles ofwater, not three.
Waitress You're right. I'm really sorry. It's notmy day today! T'II getyou a new check.
Jenny Thankyou.
Holly \Ve're going to have a fun month, Rob.
Rob Yeah, I think it's going to be fantastic.
Jenny OK, time tO go. You have your meeting with Barbara at three.
22 >))
Rob Oh yeah, right.
Host Teenagers today have a bad reputation . People say that they are lazy and messy and that they do very little to help their parents around the house. But there are someteenagersforwhom this description is just not true at al I.
It is estimatedthat there aremore than 1.4 million teenagers in the USwho have to look after a member oftheir family, their mother or father
or brother or sister. In many cases these young
Daniel My day's pretty similar I clean the house and iron but 1 also do the cooking and the grocery shopping. My dad left home four years ago, so we're on our own. I take my sister to school and make sure that my mom is OK. I have to give her massages every evening
Host How do you feel about the way you live?
Alice I don't really mind taking care ofmy mom. She's sick and she needs my help. But sometimes I feel a little sad when I can't go out because there are things co do around thehouse. And I sometimes get angry with my school friends. They don't really understand the problems I have at home. All they think about is clothes, boys, and going out.
Daniel I like what I do because l'm helping my mom, and I'm helping my sister at the same tin1e. Ofcourse it's true chat I can't go out much
because I need t0 spend most ofmy time athome. I sometimesgo out with my friends, but I don't like leaving my morn by herself. I always make sure that I have my cell phone. Ifmy morn needs anything, she calls me. and I go back home. It's not a problem for me. It's just part ofmy life.
2 26>))
Host You're both doing a great job. Thanks very much for coming on the program .
I Interviewer Have you ever bought something that you've never worn?
A Yes. Hasn't everyone? I remember some pants I bought that I never wore.
Interviewer \:V hat was the problem with them? A They were very tight, black leather pants that
I bought from a second-hand st◊rewhen I was about 20 years old. I rememberwhen I was in the fitting room I thought they looked amazing. I thought I looked like Jim Morrison from the Doors. But when I got home, in the cold light ofday, I realize.d that I looked more.
Iike one ofthe women from Abba! That's why I
never wore them .
2 Interviewer Have you everbought someth ing that you've neverworn?
A Yes, a karate uniform. I decided that I wanted t0 do karate, and l signed up for lessonsand bought the uniform and the orangebelt but then l changed my mind and decided not to take the lessons.
Interviewer Why not?
A I was worried that someone would knock my teeth out.
Interviewer Do you still have the uniform? A No, I sold it on eBay.
arranged a skiing weekend in a luxury hotel. But the weekend didn't work out exactly as they had planned. Steve. worked until late on Friday evening. His office. was on the 1 2th floor. When he finished at 8 o'clock, he locked his office and got into the elevator ... and he didn'tgetout again until Monday morning!
Steve I pressed the button for the first floor, and the
elevator started going down, but then it stopped. I pressed the button again, but nothinghappened. I pressed the alarm and shouted, butnobody heard me. Most people had already gone home. I tried to call my wife, but my cell phone didn't work in the elevat◊r. T couldn't do anything I just sat on the floor and hoped maybe somebody would realize what had happened. But on Saturday and Sunday, I knew nobody would be. the.re.. I slept most ofthe. time to forget how hungry I was.
Host Meanwhile Steve'swife, Kare, was waiting for her husband to comehome.
Kate I was very worried when he didn't come home on Friday evening, and I couldn't understand why his cell phone wasn't working. I called the police, and they looked for him, but they couldn't find himanywhere. I thought maybe he was with another woman.
Host So Steve was in the elevator the whole weekend from Friday evening until Monday morning. At eight o'clock, when the office workers arrived, they called the emergency number, and somebody came and repaired the elevator.
Steve I was very happy to get out. I hadn't eaten since Friday afternoon, and I was very hungry. It's lucky that I am not claustrophobic because the elevator was very small. The first thing I did was to call my wife to say that I was OK.
>))
Host Steve will soon bethe fittest man in his office - from now on he's going totake the stairs every day - eventhough it's 12 floors.
2 42
Interviewer Today we talk to Laurel Reece, who's writing a book about how to live more slowly. She's going to give us five useful tips.
Laurel My first tip is something that is very simple to say, bur more difficult to do in practice..
\\l hatever you're doing, just try co slow down and enjoy it. Ifyou're walking somewhere, try to walk more slowly; ifyouaredriving, makeyourself drive more slowly. It doesn'tmatterwhat you are doing, cooking, taking a shower, exercising in the gym, just slow down and really enjoy the moment.
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helpers, or "caregivers" as they are called, are doing things Iike feeding, washing, and caking care offamily members, as well as doing their schoolwork.
Host I'd like to welcome to the program two of these teenagers, Alice and Daniel, who are 17 years old, and who both take care offamily members. Hello, Alice., hello Daniel.
Alice/ Daniel Hi.
Host Who doyoutake care of?
Alice T take care ofmy mom. She has M.E. - it's a disease- it means that she feels tired all the time and she can't walk very well. And l also rake care ofmy younger brother and sister. He's six and she's four.
Daniel J rake care ofmy mom, t◊o. She had a bad car accident seven years ago and she can't walk. I also take care ofmy little sister.
Host You both do a lot of housework. What exactly do you do?
Alice On a normal day, I get up early and I clean the house and I do the ironing After school
I sometimes take my mom to t:he store inher wheelchair. Inthe evening my dad makes the dinner- l'm not very good at cooking! Bur l make sure my brother and sister eat their dinner and then I put them tO bed.
120 Listening
Interviewer Have you ever bought something that you've never worn?
A Sadly it happens co me a lot because I hate clothes shopping, and I never try things on. For example, I have a shirt in my closet now that I've neverworn.
Interviewer \:V hy not?
A \Veil, I bought it in a hurry a few months ago, and then I put it away in my closet. A few weeks later, I cook it out and looked at it and I thought "Why did I buy this?" It's awful - pink and purple snipes. And ofcourse I didn't have the receipt, so l couldn't take it back.
Interviewer Have you ever bought something that you've neverworn?
A A lot ofthings, actually The last one was a brown leather coat.
Interviewer \Vhat was wrong with ir?
A \Veil, I bought it online from a websitethat bas cheap deals, but when it arrived, it looked completely different from what it looked like on the computer screen, and I decided l didn't like it. So it's in my closet. I'm sure I'm
2 32 >))
never going to wear it, but maybe 1'll give it to someone as a present.
Host Last Friday Steve, a businessman from Seattle, was looking forward to a relaxing rwo days in the mountains. He and his wife had
We all try to do too many things that we just don't have. time for. So my second tip is make. a list of the three things that are most important for you- your priorities in life. Then when you've made your list make sure thatyouspend ti me doing those things. I.magine for example thatyour three things are.your family, reading, and playing sports. Then make sure that you spend enough ti me with your family, that you have space in your life for reading, and that you have time to play spores. And forget about trying t0 do other things that you don't have time for.
Tip number three is don'tcry to do two things at the same time. The worst thing you can do is multitask. So for example, don't read your email while youare talking to a friend on the phone. Ifyou do that, you aren't really focusing on your email or your friend and you aren't going to feel very relaxed either.
Tip number four is very simple: once a day, every day, sit down and do nothing for halfan hour.
For example, go to a cafe and sit outside, or go to a park and sit on a bench. Turn offyour phone so that nobody can contact you, and then just sit and watch the world go by. This will really help you to slowdown.
OK. My fifth and final tip. One oftbe most relaxing things you can do is tO be nearwater or even better, to be on water. So ifyou live neara lake or river, go and sit by the river, or go boating.
45>))
down as the minutes go pas .
Ifyou live near the ocean, go and sit on the beach. Relax and listen to the sound ofthe wind and the water. You will feel your bodt y and mind slowing
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First, I did the photo test. I asked an office worker who was ea ing his sandwich o rn kc a pho o of me. He was really friendly and said, "Ofcourse I'll take your pic ure.'' When I asked him o ake more
Next, it was the shopping test. 1 went shopping
photos, he said, "Sure! No problem!'' When he gave me my camera back, be said, "Have a nice day!''
tI gave them too much money. but they both gave me
t t
nearTimes Square, and [ bought an "I love New York" T shir and some drinks fro111 wo different people.
t he accident t. For thistes
he exact change back.
, I went to Cent ral Park, and
testFinally, it was time for I fell down on the
ground. Ionlyhad to wait about 30seconds before a man came rohelp me. "Is this your camera?" he said. "l think it's broken."
2 51 >))
55l))
t
Holly Hey, Rob, come on. Keep up.
t
Rob Sorry. I'm a bit tired his morning.
t
t t t
Holly You aren' exact ly in good shape, are you? Rob I know, 1 know. I think I'm eating roo much. Holly Then ea less!
t
Rob It isn't easy. I ea ou all the time. And he portions in American res aurants are enormous.
Rob l walk a lot.
Holly You don't do enough exercise.
t
Holly Walking isn't enough, Rob. Doyou do any hing ro keep fit?
Rob [ cycle when I'm in London ...
t t
Holly So why don't you get a bike here?
t t t
Rob I'm only here for ano her hree weeks.
a bike.
Anyway, my ho el's near he office. I don' need
t
time. Beforeand after work. But I just thinkt that
Holly You know, Jennifer goes running all the running is just so boring. I mean, where's he fun?
Rob Yeah, I'm no very keen on running.
t
Holly Sowhy don'tyou play basketball with me and my friends?
Rob _OK. Tha 's a great idea! But I don't have any
about mistakes you made in the past. You can't change he pas . The important thing is to hink about howyoucan do hings be er now and in the future.
t
t
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Julie Hi, My name's Julie. My tip is think positive
Host Thankyou, Andy.And now we have ano her caller. V.'ha 'syour name, please?
t t t t
tt
t t t t t
houghts sometimes, but when we start having
tthoughts, nor negarive ones. We all have negative hem, we need o stop and ry ochange hem into
you'll fail he exam. So you needto changet hat
posi ive ones. Like, ifyou have an exam omorrow and you star thinking "I'm sure I'll fail." hen
t
t t
negative thought to a positive though . Just think royourself"I'II pass." l do his and i usually works.
Host Thank you, Julie. And our nex caller is
Matrco Hi. My tip is don'
t
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t t t
Marco. Hi, Marco. t spend a lot oftime reading he papers orwatching the news on TV. I 's always bad news and itjust makesyou fee[ depressed. Read a bookor lis en toyour favori e music ins ead.
Host Thanks, Marco. And our nex caller is Miriam. Miriam?
tt
Miriam Hi. t
t recently
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Host Next in our list of things that you thought were badforyou is chocolate. Jane. our food exper , is going to ell us why actually i can be good for us.
t t
t t
Jane Well, here have been a lot ofstudies about chocola e. Remember, chocola e is
some hing tha we've been eating for hundreds
trainers.
t
Holly Trainers? Sneakers! You can buy some. Rob ls here a sports shop near here?
Holly Sure, there's one across rhe street.
2 59 >))
Rob Hi, Jenny.
Jenny Oh, hi.
Host Hi, Miriam. What'syour ip?
t
list , and ifwit:hyou, in your bag or in a pocke
Miriam My ip is every week make a lis ofall the good thingsthat happened toyou. Thetn keep the
t tt
you're feeling a Iinle sad or depressed, just take i out and read i . It'II make you feel be er.
Host Than ks, Miriam. And our last call is from
Michael. Hi, Michael. We're listening.
ofyears -it's nt ot a modern invention. And the
Rob Have you had a good d ?
Michael Hi. My tip is co try 10 use positive
studies showt hat chocolate, likegrapejuice.
Jenny Oh,you know. Meet ay
tyou?
language when you speak co other people. You
an ioxidan s han grape juice. These an itoxidants
contains an ioxidants. In fact, chocolatet has more
Rob It was great . I went t
ings! What abou t some
know, ifyour friend has a problem, don't say "1'111
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can protect us against illnesses like hear disease.
really interest
o Brooklyn and me ing people.
s_orry" or ''Oh, poor you,·• say something posit ive
t
Host Really?
tt
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ey
Jane Yes, bu , and this is very important, all the good antioxidants are only in dark chocola e. So don't eat milk chocola e or whi e chocola e-th aren't heal hy ar all. And ofcourse,youalso need o remember thatal hough dark chocola e is good for you, it containsa lot ofcalories, so ifyou're worried abom your weigh , don't ca too much. One or two
pieces a day is enough.
Jenny And you had time to go shopping, roo. Rob What? Oh yeah . I've just bought these. Jenny What are they?
t
t
Rob A pair of rainers- uh, sneakers. Jenny Nice. Why did you buy sneakers? Rob [ hink I need co get a bit fitter.
Jenny Oh, I'm impressed. You know, T go running every morning in Central Park.
like "Don't worry! Everything will be OK:"That
t
Rob Doyou?
wayyou'll make t he other person think more posi ively abour his or her problem.
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Host Thank you, Michael. Well, ha 's all we have time for. A big hank you o all our callers. Until nex week- goodbye.
3 13>))
t t t t
Narrator Ear.lier this year, ten years after Steve
s_en the le er, some workers were renovating he
Host Grear news for me because I love chocolate!
Jenny It 's so beautifulearly in the morning. Why
hvmg room m. Carmen's mother's house. When
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And now to Tony, ourTV journalist. Tony, newspaper articles arc always telling us abou studies that say that we watch too much TV, hat we spend too much time siuing in front of he 7:v and hat as a result, �e don't exercise enough. 1hey also say ha watchi ng TV makes us stupid.
Is this all true Tony?
t
t
Tony Well, it's al most certainly rue hat we watch too much television, blll il probably isn't rue that watch ing TV makes us stupid. 1 've just finished reading a book by a science writer, S even
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Johnson, called Everythi,18 Bad Is Goodfor You.
One hing he says in his bookis ha modern TV
series like TheSopranos or 1/ouse or Mad Men are
don't you come with me? Rob Uh... sure. Why no ?
t
Jenny Grea ! I'll come byyour hotel romorrow morning.
Jenny Forty-five.
Rob OK. What time? Jenny Six forty-five? Rob Six...?
t t t
Rob Can we make it a bit later? Say, seven forry five?
Jenny Thar's oo la e, Rob. Le 's make ir seven fifteen.
t t
Rob OK.
Holly Baske
Jenny Excellen . Seeyou la er.
they took outthe fi replace they found Steve's letter, and gave it: to Carmen's sister, and she sent the le er o Carmen. Carmen was now 42 and she was still single.
tt t
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up he phone and putting it down again. I almost
Carmen When I go he let er I didn't call Steve rigtht away because I was so nervous. I kept picking
t t
didn' call him at all. But I knew tha I had o make rhe call.
t
Narrator Carmen finally made he call and S eve answered the phone. He was also now 42 and also single.
t
t
Steve I couldn' believe it when she called. [ just
moved into a new house, but luckily I kep my old
t t t t
make us more intelligetnt.
more intellecrually stimulating than TV series were 20years ago. He says that these shows are compIica ed and very sman and ha hey help ro
Host Well, I can believe hat, but what about reality
Rob Great. tball and running, Rob. a lot ofenergy.
Rob Uh... yeah.
3
8>))
You must have
phone number.
Narrator Steve and Carmen arrangedto mee a few days larer.
t t
Steve V.1hen we met it was like a movie. We ran
across the ai rporr and i n o each o her's arms.
hat these are goodfor us.
sthows that are so popular on TV. I can't believe
t t
t
Tony Well, Steven Johnson says that we can even le�rn �ornething from reality shows - he says this k111d ofTV show can teach us abou group
psychology -abou how people behave when
t
hey're in a group.
t
tt t t
Host Well, hank you, Tony and Jane. So now you know wha o do his evening. You can si down in frontof heTV with a box o fdark chocolates ...
Host Today's topic is "positive thinking " We all know tha people who are posi ive enjoy life more than people who are nega ive and pessimistic Bu sciemifieStudies show thatposi ive people are also heal hier. They get beucr more quickly when they are sick, and they live longer. A recentstudy has shown ha people who are op imis ic and hink posi ively live, on average, nineyears longer han pessimistic people. So, le 's hear wha you the listeners hink. Doyou have any ideas to help us be more positive in our lives?
3 9l))
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Host Our first caller this evening is Andy. I Ii Andy. What 's your tip for being positive?
t t t t t
Andy Hello. Well, [ hink i 'svery impor ant to live in he presen and no in the pas . Don' think
Within 30 seconds ofseeing each ocheragain we
t t
werekissing. We fell inloveall overagain.
17 years after they first met.
Narrator Las week rhe couple go married,
t
Carmen I nevergot married in all those years, but now l have married the man I always loved.
t
Narrntor So Steve and Carmen are toge her ar last.
Bu will they keep rheir promises?
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3 17 >))
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Patient So wha does i mean, doc or?
t
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Dr. Well, firs he party. A party is a group of people. This means thatyou're going co mee a lo ofpeople. I hinkyou're going ro bevery busy.
t
Patient At work?
Dr. Yes, at work... you work in an office, I hink?
Listening 121
122
Patient Yes, that's right.
Dr. 1 think the parry means you are going rohave a lot ofmeetings.
Patient What about the garden and the flowers?
Do they mean anything?
Dr. Yes. Flowersare a positive symbol. So the flowers mean thatyou are feeIing positive about the future. So maybe you already knew about this possible promotion?
Patient No, I didn't. But it's true, I am very happy at work, and I feel very positive about my future. Thar's not where my problems are. My problems are with my love life. Does my dream tell you anything about that?
Dr. Mm, yes it does. You're single, aren't you?
Patient Yes,well, divorced.
Dr. Because the violin music tells me youwant some romance in your life -you're looking for a partner perhaps?
Patient Yes, yes, I am. In fact I met a woman lase month - I really like her... T think I'm in love with her. ['111 meeting her tonight.
Dr. In your dream you saw an owl in a tree.
Patient Yes, an owl... abig owl.
Dr. The owl represents an older person. I think you'llneedtoaskthis older person for help. Maybe this "olderperson" is me? Maybe you need my help?
3 18 >))
Patient Weil, yes, what I really wane to know is does this person, this woman... love me?
Patient \\/ell, yes, what I really wane to know is does chis person , this woman... love me?
Dr. You remember the end ofyourdream? You were feeling cold?
Patient Yes, my feet were very cold.
Dr. Well, I think perhaps you already know the answer to your question.
Patient You mean she doesn't love me.
3 23>))
Dr. No, I don't think so. I thinkyouwill need to find another woman. I'm sorry. Perhaps youcan findsomeoneon the Internee? I haveheard ofa very good website...
Nico Hi, Emily. Sorry I'm late. [ was watching the big game.
Emily Well, come on in. Mom, this is Nico. Nico, chis is my mom.
Nico Oh... hello.
Mom Nice to meet you, Nico.
Emily And this is my Dad.
Dad Hello, Nico.
Nico Hello.
Dad Come on into the living room.
Dad Wouldyou like a drink, Nico? Orange juice, soda?
Nico Oh, thanks, John. I'll have a soda, please.
Mom You're a vegetarian, aren't you, Nico?
Nico Yes, I am. Personally I think eating animals is cotally wrong.
Mom Ahem, well, this is vegetable lasagna. I hope you like it. Emily's Dad made it.
Dad Any more lasagna, Nico?
Nico Oh, uh, no thanks. I'm not very hungry.
Emily The lasagna is del icious, Dad.
Mom Yes, it is.
Dad Thankyou.
Emily f'II do the dishes, Mom.
Dad No, I'll do them.
Nico Uh, where's the bathroom?
Nico Did you watch the big game this evening, John? The Lakers andthe Celtics. It was exciting.
Dad No, I didn't watch it. I don't like basketball at all. In fact, I hate it.
Nico Oh.
Mom So.. .what are yougoingto do whenyou finish college, Nico?
Nico Uh, I don't know.
Dad What are you studying in college?
Nico Sociology.
Dad Why did you choose sociology? Nico Because I thought it was easy. Mom ls it interesting?
Nico It's OK. Uh ... Whatwas Emily like as a little girl, Marion? Do you have any photos ofher?
Mom Photos ofEmily? Yes, we have thousands of photos. She was the cutestlittle girl, wasn't she John?
Dad Yes, she was. A beautiful little girl .
Nico Can I see some?
Emily Oh, no, please.
Mom John, can you bring the photo albums?
Mom Look, and this isone when she was three yearsold.
Dad Andthis is when we wentto Disney World. That's Emily with Mickey and Minnie Mouse.
Nico Ah! She was so sweet.
Dad Would you like another soda, Nico?
3 32>))
Nico Yes, please, John.
Interviewer Good morning and welcome. On today's program we're going to talk about singing. ln the studio, we have Franco, the director ofa singing school in l\lliami, and Molly, a student at Franco's school . Good morning to both ofyou.
Franco / Molly Good morning.
Interviewer First, Franco, can you tell us, why is it a good idea for people to learn to sing?
Franco First, because singing makes you feel good.
And secondly, because singing is very good for your health.
Interviewer Really? f n what way?
Franco Well, when you learn to sing you need to learn to breathe correctly. That's very important. And you also learn to stand and sit correctly. As a result, people who sing areoften inbettershape and healthier than people who don't.
Interviewer Are your classes only for professional singers?
Franco No, notat all. They're for everybody. You don't need to have any experience with singing. Andyou don't need to be able to read music.
Interviewer So how do your students learn to sing?
Franco They learn by Iistening and repeating.
Singing well is really 95% listening.
Interviewer OK. Molly, tell us about the class.
How long did it last?
Molly Only one day. From ten in the morning to six in the evening.
Interviewer Couldyou already sing well before you started?
Molly No, not well. I've always liked singing. But I can't read music, and I never thought I sang very well.
Interviewer So whathappened during the class?
Molly Well, first we did a lot ofliscening and breathing exercises, and we learned some other interesting techniques.
Interviewer What sorts ofthings?
Molly Wei1, for example we learned tbat it's easier to sing high notes ifyou singwith a surprised look on your face!
Interviewer Oh, real ly? Could you show us?
Molly \Veil, l'll try.
Interviewer For those ofyou at home, I can promise you that Molly lookedvery surprised. Were you happy with your pr�g_ress?
Molly Absolutely. Atthe end ofthe day, we were singing inalmost perfect harmony It was amazing. In just one day, we really were much better.
Interviewer Could you two give us a little demonstration?
3 37>))
Franco / Molly Oh, OK...
Journalist I arrived the airport: in San Juan, Puerto Rico where I met Nilda. Hola Soy Max.
Nilda Encanwda. Soy Nilda.
Journalist Nilda took me to my hotel, and that evening we went to eat, and it was time for my first test. I had to order asandwich and a drink in a cafe and then ask forthe check. I satdown at a table, and I tried ro order a soda and a chicken sandwich. PorJavor, 1ma refrescay unemparedado depollo.
Waiter Enseguida.
Journalist Terrific! The waiter undersrood me the first time. My pronunciation wasn't perfect, but I got my soda and my sandwich. T really enjoyed it. Burthen the more difficult part. Asking for the check... ,!Cua11to es?
Waiter Seis 11oventa. Journalist ,!C6mo? Waiter Seis11oventa.
Journalist Six ninety. I understood! Nilda gave me eight points for the test. I was very happy with
that. Next, we went out on the street. Test number two was asking for directions and understanding them. \Ve were on a narrow street, and r had to stopsomeone and ask him or her for the nearest drugstore, Unafarmacia. I stopped a woman. At first, T didn't understand anything she said!
Passer-by Siga todo derechoy tome lasegunda ca/le al la izquierda. Hay unaJarmacia en esa calle.
la
Journalist l asked the woman to speak more slowly.
Passer-by Toda derechoy tome la segunda calle a izqueirda IZQUIERDA.
Journalist I got it this time, I think. The second
street on the left. I followedthe directions and guess what?There was a drugstore there! Seven points from Nilda.
Test number three. I wasn'tlooking forward to this one. I had to take a taxi to a historical place in San Juan. Nilda wrote down the name ofthe place on a piece ofpaper. It was tbe name ofan old fort near the ocean. \Ve stopped a taxi.
Journalist El Morro, porfavor.
Taxi driver dQue? ,!Ad6nde?
Journalist He didn't understand me. I tried again but he sti 11 didn't understand. I was desperate so I said ''.fort, old, water."
Taxi driver jAh! ElMo,·ro.
Journalist Finally! Nilda only gave me five points because I ended up using English. Still, at least I made the taxi driver understand where I wanted to go. And so to the final test. I had to leave a message in Spanish on somebody's voicemail. [ had to give my name, spell it, and askthe person to callme back. Nilda gave me the number (it was one ofher friends named Lourdes) and l dialed. I was feeling a little nervous at this point, because talking on the phone in a foreign language is never easy.
Lourdes Dejesu mensaje despues de la serial.
Journalist Uh. Buenas noches. Soy 1\llax. Max. M-A
X. Uh... Porfavor... llamarme esta noche... Oh, yes... a las 8:30, Uh Cracias. Well, my grammar wasn't correct, but I left the message. Halfan hour later, at eight thirty, Lourdes called me. Success! Nildagave me eight points. That was the end ofmy four tests. Nilda was happy with me. My final score was seven. I was very happy
with that. So how much can you learnin a month? Well, ofcourseyou can't learn Spanish in a month, but youcan learn enough rosurvive if you are onvacation or on a trip. Now I want ro go back to Washington, D.C., and try and learn some more. jAdi6s!
3 38>))
Jenny Areyou OK?
Rob Me? Never better.
Jenny It's beautiful here, isn't it? I think this is my favorite place in New York.
Rob Yeah, it's great.
Jenny So how's it all going? Are you happy you came?
Rob To Central Park? At seven fifteen in the morning?
Jenny To New York, Rob.
Rob Yeah. Ofcourse I'm happy. It's fantastic.
Jenny Really? Youaren't just saying that.
Rob No, I mean it.
Jenny You need to get io shape, Rob.
Rob I know. I am a bit tired of eating out all the time. It isn't good for my figure.
Jenny It's the restaurants you go to! Why don't you come over to my place afterwork? I could make you something a little healthier.
Rob I'd real ly like that. Than ks.
Jenny So, how do you feel now? Areyou ready to go again?
Rob Ohyes! l 'm ready for anything.
Jenny Areyou sure you're OK?
Rob Absolutely.
3 42>))
Jenny OK. We'll only go around two more times. Rob Two? Excellent!
Rob Thatwas a lovely meal. Thanks, Tenny.
Rob
Jenny That's OK.
lt's been great being in New York. You know, your offer to work here came at a very good time for me.
Jenny Really?
Rob Yeah, I was looking for something new.
Something different. You see, l broke up with my girlfriend a few months before I met you.
Jenny Oh... right. Rob What aboutyou? Jenny What about me?
Rob Youknow... relationships?
Jenny Oh, I've been too busy recently to think about relationships. Gettingthisjob at the magazine was a really big thing for me. I guess that's taken up all my time and energy.
Rob But that isn't very good for you. Only thinking about work, I mean.
Jenny Why didn't you tell me you weren't feeling wellthis morning? We didn't have togo for a run.
Rob I wanted to go. Ttwas nice.
Jenny Well, I'm glad you're feeling better. Would you like another coffee?
Rob No, thanks. I think I should get backto the hotel now, I've got a reallybusy daytomorrow. Do you have a telephone number fora taxi?
Jenny Yeah...but it's much easier to get a cab on the street.
Rob Oh, OK, then.
Jenny I'll see you in the morning, ifyou're feeling OK.
Rob Oh, I'msure I'll be fine. Thanks again for a great evening.
3
50>))
Jenny Any time. Rob Goodnight. Jenny Night, Rob.
Host \Velcome to this morning's edition ofWhat's theproblem? Today, we're talking about friends, so i fyou have a problem with one ofyour friends, and you'd like our psychologist Catherine to give you some advice, just call us at 1-800-555-5500. Our first caller today is Kevin from Aclanta.
Hello, Kevin.
Kevin Hi.
Kevin Yes, when the three ofus are together he alwayssays thi ngs to my girlfriend like, "Wow! You look amazing today" or "l love your dress, Suzanne," things like that. And when we're at a party, he always asks her to dance.
Host Do youthink he's in love with your girlfriend?
>))
Kevin I don'tknow, but I'm getting really stressed about it. What can I do?
3 51
Host Well, let's see ifour expert can help.
Catherine?
Catherine Hello, Kevin. Have you talked toyour girlfriend about this?
Kevin No, I haven't. I don'twane Suzanne to think l'm jealous.
Catherine \Veil, first I think you should talk to her. Ask her how she feels and what she thinks ofAlan's behavior. Maybe she thinks it's fine, and they are just good friends. That it's just his personality. Ifthat'swhatshe thinks, then I think you should accept it and relax.
Kevin What shouId l do if she also finds it uh, difficult, uh, uncomfortable?
Catherine Then I think you should calk to Alan. Tell him that he's a good friend, but thatyou and Suzanne have problems withthe way he behaves. I'm sure he'll stop doing it. 1-le's probably never thought itwas a problem.
3 52
>))
Kevin OK, thanks. I'll talk to Suzanne tonight.
Host And our next cal ler is Miranda from Brooklyn. Hi, Mi randa.
Miranda Hi.
Host And what's your problem?
Miranda My problem is with my husband's ex wife. They divorced five years ago, before l met him. But she still calls himatleast once a week to chat, and ifshe has a problem in her apartment or with her car, she always calls him and asks him to come and help her.
Host Does your husband have children with his ex-wife?
Miranda No, they don't have any children. That's why I think she should stay out ofour lives.
Host Catherine, overtoyou. \,Vhat do you think Miranda should do?
3 53>))
Catherine Hi, Miranda. Well, first, have you spoken to your husband about this?
-
Miranda Yes, l have. He thinks l'm being difficult. l le feels sorry for his ex- she's on her own, and she doesn't have a partner.
Catherine OK. Miranda, do you have any male friends, menwho are just good friends?
Miranda Yes, I have a friend named Bill. We've been friends since l was a teenager.
Catherine That's perfect. My advice is this: When your husband's ex wife calls and asks him to go and see her, call Bill and arrange to meet and have dinner or go to the movies. Every time your husband meets his ex or has a long phone call, thenyoumeet Bill or have a long phone call. He'll soon see what's happening, and he'll srop seeing his ex.
Miranda I think that's a great idea. Thank you, Catherine.
Host And the next caller is...
4 6>))
Host And to finishour program today, the incredible story ofa Swedish couple who went on vacation and survived no fewer than seven natural disasters!
Stefan and Erika Svanstrom started their four
connecting flight to Thailand becausethere was a terrible blizzard in south Germany -the worst snowstorm in 100 years! They had to waitat the airport for 24 hours. Mrs. Svanstrom said:
Mrs. Svanstrom "We justthoughtthings will get better."
Host When they finally got to Thailand, they had a relaxing few weeks. But that was the last
time they could really relax. From Thailand they flew to the island ofBali in fndonesia, a popular vacation destination. When they arrived in Bali they were expecti ng blue skies and sun, but what they got were tenible monsoon rains- tbe worst monsoons for many years. Mrs. Svanstrom said:
Mrs. Svanstrom "Nowwe were thinking, what will happen next?"
Host They decided not to stay in Bali, but to go to Australia. They flew to Perth in western Australia, buthours after they arrived, Perth
suffered terrible forest fires, and the streets were full ofsmoke. They traveled north to Caims, and arrived justin time for Cyclone Yasi - oneofthe worst cyclones ever to hit the city. They had to leave their hotel and spend 24 hours in a shopping center with 2,500 other people.
Could things get any worse? Yes, they could. The Svanstrom family left Cairns and traveled south co Brisbane to visit friends, but the city was suffering from the worst floods in its history.
So they left Brisbane and booked airline tickets co Christchurch in New Zealand. But just before their plane left Brisbane, some friends called them to say that Christchurch had been hit by an earthquake and a large part ofthe city was destroyed. Their plane landed in another city, Auckland. They traveled around New Zealand for a while, and then they flew tO Japan. On March 1 1th, theywere having lunch in a restaurant in Tokyo when suddenly everything began to shake. It was an ear:rhquake: nine on the Richter scale and one ofthe worst that ever hit Japan. And after the earthquake came a devastating tsunami. fortunately, Mr. and Mrs. Svanstrom and their child were not hurt. They traveled from Tapan to China for the last part of
their vacation. Luckily, they didn't have any more natural disasters, and they arrived safely home in Stockholm on March 29th. Mr. Svanstrom said:
Mr. Svanstrom "We have learned that in life you should always expect the worst, but hope for the best. Also, you need to be prepared for anything "
4 10 >))
Part3
Hartley "Heloise will go,"
Reader said Hartley angrily.
Hartley "l haven't bad one day without problems since I met her. You are right, Vivienne. Heloise must go before I can take you home. But she will go. I have decided..."
Vivienne "Tb.en,"
Reader said Vivienne,
Vivienne "my answer is yes. l wilI be yours."
Reader She looked into bis eyes and Hartley could hardly believe his luck.
Hartley "Promise me,"
Reader he said.
Vivienne "I promise,"
Reader repeated Vivienne, softly. At the door he turned and looked at her happily,
Hartley "I will come for you tomorrow,"
Reader he said.
Vivienne "Tomorrow,"
Reader she repeated with a smile. An hour and forty minutes later Hartley stepped offthe train when it stopped in the suburbs, and walked to his house. As hewalked toward the door a woman
ran to him. She had black hair andwas wearing
Host What's the problem? r
month trip last December. They were traveling
a long white dress. They kissed, and walked into
Kevin Yes. My problem is with my best f iend, Alan. Well, the thing is, he's always flirting with my girlfriend.
Host Yourbest friend flirts withyour girlfriend?
with theiryoung baby daughter. First, they flew from Stockholm to ML111ich. But when they arrived in Munich, they couldn't get their
the house.
Listening 123
P4ar1t41 >))
Hartley's wife "My mother is here,"
Reader the woman said.
Hartley's wife "But she's leaving in halfan hour. She came to have dinner, but there's nothing to ear."
Hartley "l have something to tell you,"
Reader said Hartley. He whisperedsomething
At first I just didn't like them, but over the years my feelings have changed to fear.
Interviewer Does your phobia affect your life at all?
4 29>))
C Not really because luckily I don't see clowns very often!
Good evening and welcome to Top Sounds, our
Jenny \Ve call it the subway here.
Rob Right. Anyway, the train stopped for about twenty minutes. I tried to call but there was no signal.
Jenny I've been here since seven forty-five.
Rob I know. I ran fromthe underground... subway station ... I'm so sorry.
Jenny You're always late. It's funny, isn't it?
Rob J said I'm sorry. Look, why don't we go back
in her ear. Hiswifescreamed. Her mother came running into the hall. The woman screamed
again, but it was a happy scream - the sound ofa
weekly music program, andronight the focus is on the Latin music star Enrique Iglesias. As I'm sure you all know, Enrique Iglesias is the son ofthe
inside the restaurant?
Jenny l waited for an hour for you. stay here anymore.
I don't want to
124
woman whose husbandloved her Hartley's wife "Oh, mother!" Reader she cried,
Hartley's wife "What do you think? Vivienne is coming to be our cook! She is the cook thatwas with the Montgomery's. She'sgoing to be ours! And now, dear,"
Reader she told her husband,
Hartley's wife "you must go to the kitchen and tell Heloise to leave. She has been drunk again all day."
4 20>))
I Interviewer Do you have any phobias? A Yes, I'm terrified ofbats.
Interviewer Really? How long have you had the phobia?
A I've had itforabout forty years! Sinee I was 12
years old. At my school we had aswinuning pool, and the changing roomswere in an old buildingnear the pool. On the first day at school our teacher told us that there were bats in there and that we shouldn't move around too much because they might stare flying around and get into our hair. She also said we shouldn't turn the lights on because this would wake upthe bats. We had to change as quickly and quietly as possible.
Interviewer Did a bat ever fly into your hair?
A No, nothing ever happened, but I was terrified just at the thought ofic.
Interviewer Does it affectyour life at all?
A Yes, I often feel very nervous or start to panic if I'm outside when it's beginning to get dark, which is when bats appear. Ifl'm sitting in myyard inthe evening, I always have a tennis racket, so ifa batfliesnear me, I can protect myself. And I can't watch a TV documentary about bats, or even look at them in photos.
Interviewer Do you have any phobias?
B Yes, I get very bad claustrophobia.
Interviewer I-low long have you had the phobia?
B Ir just starred one morning about ten years ago. I was going to work on the train, and it was very crowded. I started thinking that ifthere were an accident, I'd never get out. I had a panic attack, and I sort offelt my heartbeating very quickly. I had to get offthe train.
Interviewer How doesyour phobia affect your life?
B \Veil, I can't travel on crowded trains. I never ever travel on the subway because my worst nightmare would be if the train stopped in the tunnel. I also try to avoid elevators. What else? Oh, yes, ifl'm flying, I have to have an aisle seat. I can't sit by the window.
Interviewer Do you have any phobias?
C Yes, l have apretty unusual phobia. I'm scared ofclowns.
Interviewer Clowns, really? How long have you had it?
C I've had it for a long time. Since I was a child.
Interviewer I-low did itsrart?
C Well, I remember I wenton a school trip co the circus when I was six or seven years old and therewere clowns. I thought they were sore of stupid but I wasn't really afraid ofthem. Then I wentto a birthday parry andtherewere clowns and they were showing us how to paint our faces, and I found I didn't like being near them.
Listening
Spanish singer Julio Iglesias, who is one ofthe most successful singing artists ofall time.
Enrique was born in Madrid, Spain in 1975. His mother is Isabel Preysler, a journalist and TV host from the Philippines. When he was three years old his parents got divorced and later he moved to Miami t0 live with his father. He started studying business at the University ofMiami, but he left after a year because he wanted to become a musician.
He didn'twant his father to know about his music career, and he didn't want t0 use his famous last name to be successful. So when he sentsome of his songs to several record companies, he usedthe name Enrique Martinez, and he eventually got a contract with a Mexican record company.
He made his first album, called Enrique lalesias in 1995, which won him a Grammy. He then made two more albums, and he had many hits on the Latin music charts. At first Enrique sang mainly in Spanish but later he began t0 sing more and more in English too.
>))
His fourth album, Escape in 2001, was his biggest commercial success and included the singles Escape and Hero, sung in English, which became hits all over the worldand made Enrique an international star. Sinee then he has made five other albums and has also had a few acting parts in movies and TV shows. Also in 200 1, he began dating the Russiantennis player, Ana Kournikova, but they kept their relationship very private. Today Enrique Iglesias is recognized as one ofthe most popular artists in Latin America. He has sold 100 million albums, which makes himoneofthe best selling artists ofall time.
4 31
Holly That was a good day's work, Rob. You did a great interview.
Rob You took some great photos, too. They're really nice.
Holly Than ks. Hey, let's have another coffee. Rob I don't know. I have to get tO Manhattan . Holly You don't have to go right now.
Rob I'm not sure. r don't want to be late. Holly Why do youhaveto go to Manhattan? Rob I've got a... um...
Holly A date? You have a date?
Rob Mmhmm.
Holly lsit with anybody I know?
Rob No, it isn't. Anyway, excuse me a minute. I need togo to the restroom.
Holly That'svery American. I'll order more coffees.
Rob OK.
Jenny Rob?
Holly ls that you, Jennifer?
Jenny Oh, hi Holly. Um... is Rob there?
Holly Yeah, one second. Rob! Not anybody I know, huh?
Rob Hi, Jenny.
Jenny Rob? Areyou still in Brooklyn?
Rob Yeah.
Jenny Youknow the reservation at the restaurant's for eight, right?
4 35l))
Rob Don't worry. I'll be there! Oh, how do I get to Greenwich Village on the subway?
Rob Jenny! I'm here.
Jenny Hi.
Rob I'm so sorry. There was a problem on the underground.
Rob Maybe we could... we couldgo for a walk. We could find another restaurant.
Jenny l don't feel li ke a walk. lt's been a long day.
Rob OK.
Jenny But the night is still young Maybe you have time to meet up with Holly again .
Rob Holly?
Jenny l'm sorry. I didn'tmean tosay that. Rob l don't care about Holly.
Jenny Forget it, Rob. Now ifyou don't mind, I'd like
to go home.
Rob Listen to me, Jenny. Holly is just a colleague.
Jenny I said forget it. It's OK.
Rob No, itisn't OK. Look. I know I'm always late. And I know the underground is the subway. But that's not the point! I'm not interested in Holly. I came to New Yorkbecause ofyou. The only person I'm interested in is you!
4 37 >))
Host Good afternoon, and welcome to another edition ofScience Today. On today's program we are going to hearabout women inventors. When we think offamous inventors we usually think ofmen, people li ke Alexander Graham Bell, Guglielmo Marconi, Thomas Edi.son. But, as Sally will tell us, many ofthe things that make our lives easier today were invented by women.
Sally That's absolutely right. Let's take the dishwasher for example. This was invented by a woman named Josephine Cochrane in 1886. Shewas a rich American who gave a lot
of dinner parties. But she was annoyed that her servants used to break plates and glasses when they were washing the dishes after a party. So, Josephine decided to try and invent a machine thatcould wash a lot ofplates and glasses safely. Apparently she said: "Ifnobody else is going to invent a dishwasher, then I will!" She designed the machine and then she found a company to make it. At first only hotels and restaurants bought Josephine's new machinebut today the dishwasher is used by millions ofpeople all over the world.
The car wasinventedby a man, but itwas a woman, Mary Anderson, who in 1903 solved one ofthe biggest problems ofdriving. Until her invention it was impossible for drivers to see where they were going when it was raining or snowing. They had to open their window. The name ofMary's invention? \Vindshield wipers. An invention that definitely improved the lives ofmillions ofpeople was disposable diapers.
Theywereinvented by awomannamed Marion Donovan. Her father and uncle were inventors, and when she had young children, she sat down and invented a diaper that you could use and then throw away. Anybody who has a small baby will know what a big difference disposable diapers make to our lives. But although she invented it
in 1950, itwasn't until 1961 that an American companybought Marion's idea. Today, more than 55 million disposablediapersare used every day and Marion's invention has been made more eco friendly. Now you can buy biodegradable diapers! And now t0 our nextinventor. In 1956, Bette Nesmith Grahamwas working as a secretary.
Like all secretaries at that time she used to get very frustrated and angry when she made typing mistakes. In those days ifyou made a mistake, you had to get a new sheet ofpaper and start again from the beginning. Then she had a brilliant
idea, whichwas to use awhite liquid to paint over mistakes. Her invention is called white-out today. Mrs. Graham was a divorced mother and her invention made her a very rich woman. Her son, Mike Nesmith, became a famous pop star
- he was a member ofthe American group, The Monkees.
And finally... pol.ice officers, soldiers, and politicians all over the world are protected by something thatwas invented by awoman. In 1966 Stephanie Kwolek invented kevlar, a special material that was very Iight but incredibly strong, much stronger than metal. This material is used to make bullet proofvests. Stephanie's invention has probably saved thousands oflives.
Host Thank youverymuch, Sally. So, ifyou thought that everythingwas invented by men, think again.
46l))
Host Didyou like school? A No, definitely not.
Host Why?
A I didn't like most ofmy classes - I was always bored, and r hated exams. And the worst thing of all was PE.\\'here I went to school we used to play rugby. Ugh. It was torture.
Host Did you like school?
B I loved elementary school, but I didn't really like high school.
Host Why not?
B Well, my high school was very big and it was sort ofcold and impersonal. It rook me a very long time before I felt at home there. And I'm not really very academic, but the school was. We usedto get loadsofhomework which I hared.
Host Did you like school? C Uh, yes, I did.
Host Why?
C I was very curious about everything when I was little, so I Ii ked school because J learned
aboutnew things. And ofcourse, I used co see my friends every day. The other thing I loved was the library - my school had an amazing library - I evenused to stay there after class just to read. Oh boy, I sound so goody-goody, but it'strue!
Host Did you like school? D Not really
Host Why?
D It was a boys' school, and I got a little bit fed up with just being with boys all the time.
Host Didyou Like school?
E It was all right. Some partswerebetter than others, ofcourse. The classes I liked totally depended on the teacher. So for example physics and English were great, but chemistry and history were terrible. I generally liked sports, except in the winter. l made some good friends at school, and I'm still in touch with a few of them 30 years later, so I suppose that's positive!
Host Did you like school?
F Actually, I used to really love school. Classes were fine, and I always did wellwithout having to work too hard. But the real reason I lovedschool wasbecause I had a very good social life. I had a lot of friends, and we usedto play basketball on the playground at lunchtime. I wasone ofthe gang. I felt that I belonged there. l've never really felt like that since then.
5 ll l))
Andour last story on today's News Hour is about an incredible coincidence. Have you ever putyour name into Google or Facebook to see whatcomes up? One evening last April, an American woman, Kelly Hildebrandt, did just that. She was feeling bored, so she put her name intoFacebook. She has a pretty unusual name, so she was amazed to
discover that there was another person on Facebook with exactly the same first name and lase name as her -butwith one big difference. The other Kelly Hildebrandt was a man, and he lived in Texas. Kelly sent him a message, and they began to email each other. Later they started to call each other every day,
and finally, they met in person . They discovered that they had more in common than justtheirname they both love the beach, and they both really enjoy cooking. Soon they realized that they were in love. At first, they were worried that they might be related, but they found out that there was no family connection at all, and in October Kelly asked Kelly to marry him. The two Kelly's call each other "Kelly girl" and "Kelly boy," and theysay that having the same name often causesconfusion -once when Kelly boy booked travel tickets for them the travel agent almost canceled one ticket because he thought that booking two tickets with the same name was a mistake. But there is one thing that the two Kellys are very clear about- ifthey havechildren they definitely won't name them Kelly!
5 12 l))
Jenny I ca1J't believe it. Your month here is nearly over It's gone so fast.
Rob I know. I've had a great time, Jenny. Jenny Me too. It's been really special . But... Rob But what?
Jenny It won't be the same when you're in Londo1J and I'm here.
Rob But we'l l still be in touch. You can visit me in London and I can come back here to see you.
Jenny It still won't be the same.
Rob No. No, it won't.
Jenny Maybe... I could come back to London with you?
Rob You can't do that Jen ny. You've just got chis job.
Jenny That's true.
Rob \Veil, we still have sometime together. We're going out for dinner tonight!
Jenny Yes, and I'm goingto take you somewhere really nice.
Rob Look at the time. I have to go now; it's my last interview in New York. I don't want to be late.
Jenny OK. See you later then.
Rob Bye.
Barbara Jenny, is Rob here?
Jenny Oh,youjust missed him, Barbara.
Barbara r really need to talk to him. I'll try him on his cell phone. Hello,Rob? It's Barbara. Can you give me a call? There's something I'd like to talkabout.
5 15l))
Rob Jenny!
Jenny Rob! I have something to tell you.
Rob I have something co tell you, coo. You go first.
Jenny Well. I thought again about moving to London...
Rob But you don't needto move to London .
Jenny What?
Rob Barbara called me earlier.
Jenny What about?
Rob She offered me a job. Here, in New York!
Jenny \Vhat?! Oh, that's great news.
Rob You don't seem very pleased.
Jenny l am, r mean, it's great! It's just that. ..
Rob What?
Jenny I sent Barbara an email this morning.
Rob And?
Jenny I told her [ was quitting, andmovingto London.
Rob Don't worry. Maybe she hasn't read your email yet.
Jenny I'll call her.
Barbara Hello, Barbara Keaton .
Jenny Barbara? It's Jenny.
Barbara Oh, hi Jenny.
Jenny Um, have youreadyouremails recently?
There's one from me.
Barbara Oh yes. I can see it. I haven't opened it yet.
Jenny Don't open it! Delete it! Please just delete it.
I'llexplain later.
Barbara OK. It's gone. Is everything alright, Jenny?
Jenny Yes, thanks. Never better.
5 19 l))
And finally on News Today here's a funny story to cheer you up on a Monday morning.
On Saturday night, Katie Parfitt, a nurse at a local hospital, came home from work. As soon as she opened the door, she realized that her cat, Joey, was behaving rather strangely. Instead ofbeing happy
to see her, he started attacking her, and then, when she sat down to have something to eat, Joey jumped onto the table and sac onher plate. Then he jumped down onto the floor and immediately went to sleep. He slept all night, snoring very loudly. Katie couldn't understandwhat thematterwaswith Joey - he had never behaved like this before. However, when she met her neighbor the next morning, the mystery
was solved.
5 20 l))
My neighbor told me thathe was having dinner at a cafe on Saturday. Suddenly he saw my cat Joey walk in though the door- it was open because itwas a hot day And then one ofthe people spilled his drink
on the floor, and Joey starting drinking it- he was probably thirsty. So, ofcourse, when Joey got home he was completely drunk! I took him to the vet the next day, but luckily he's fine now.
5 2l l))
Iris Hello Rosemary. How are you this morning? Rosemary He!lo Iris. I'm fine than ks, but you'l l never guesswhat's happened. Jack and Emma
have broken up!
Iris No! Jack and Emma from next door? That can't be true. T saw them last week, and they looked really happy.
Rosemary No, it's definitely true. I heard them shouting They were having a terrible argument.
Iris No! When?
Rosemary Last night. After he came home from work.
Iris What did tbey say?
Rosemary Well, l wasn't really listening...
Iris Ofcourse not.
Rosemary Bue T couldn't help hearing. Shewas talking so loudly, and ofcourse, the walls are very thin.
Iris So what did they say?
Rosemary \\Tell, she said that she was going to stay with her mother! She told him that she wouldn't come back.
Iris Ooh, how awful. What about the children?
Rosemary She said she'd taken them to her sister. I suppose she'lI take them with her in the end. And anyway, then five minutes later, I saw her leaving the house with a suitcase!
Iris No! Why do youthink she's leav ing him? Is he seeing another woman?
Rosemary I don't know. Ooh, here's my bus.
l))
Iris I have to go and telI Mrs. Jones from across the street. She always thought there was something... something strange about him...
5 22
Jack Hi, Emma. I'm back. Where are you? Emma I'm upstairs in the bedroom. I'm packing Jack Why? Whereareyou going?
Emma I'm going to stay with my mom.
Jack What happened to her?
Emma She's had an accident. She fell on the street yesterday, and she's broken her leg.
Jack How awful. Poor thing. Can I help you with anything?
Emma Actually, yes. Could you get my small suticase in the closet?
Jack How long do you thinkyou'll have to stay?
Emma I won't come back until the weekend, I don't think. I'll have co make sure she's OK. I've taken the children to my sister's for the night, and she'll take them school tomorrow morning. Can you pick them up after school?
Jack Ofcourse ! can honey. Now don't worry about anything. We'll be absolutely fine, and here's your suitcase.
Emma Thanks, dear The taxi'll be here in five minutes.
Listening 125
1
Do you
question word | be | subject | adjective, noun, etc. | 1 4l)) |
What Where | Are Is was are were | you there that you you | hungry? a bank near here? noise? from? born? | |
lA word order in questions questions with be
questions with doI does I did in simple present and simple past
question word auxiliary subject base form (= verb) 3l))
live with your parents?
Where When What
Did does did did
you
your sister you
they
take a vacation last year?
work?
start studying English?
talk about?
Use this word order:
auxiliary, subject, base form, e.g., Didyou BO out last niBht? or question word, auxiliary, subject, base form, e.g., Where didyou BO?
1B simple present
Make questions with the verb be by inverting the verb and the subject.
We often go out on Friday night. 1 13 l))
She is a teacher. Is she a teacher?
I / you / we / they | he/ she / it 12l)) |
El I usually work at home. [:] They don't live near here. [1] Do you speak French? | Holly knows me very well. It doesn't often rain here. Does Alice like jazz? |
00 Yes, I do. / No, I don't. | Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. |
ad1verbs and expressions of frequency
Use the simple present for things you do every day / week / year, or for things that are generally true or always happen.
Use don't/doesn't to make negative sentences and do/does co make questions.
She doesn't usually study on weekends. I'm never sick.
He's always late for work.
2 She gets up early every day.
We have English classes twice a week.
1 We often use the simple present with adverbs of frequency (always, usually, often, sometimes, hm·dly ever, never).
Adverbs of frequency gobefore the main verb.
spelling rule base form | s for the 3rd 3rd person | person (he, she, spelling |
work study finish go/do have | works studies finishes goes/does has | add s consonant + y > ies add -es after ch, c, g, sh, s, z, and x. add -es change to s |
-s it)
lC present continuous: be + verb + -ing
Adverbs of frequency go after be. She's never sick. NOT Sh�-i-ck-net1er-:
2
Remember to use a Elverb with never. ltnever mins. NOT lt doesn'tneve,,ain.
Expressions of frequency (every day, once a week,
etc.) usually go at the end ofa sentence.
base form | -ingform | spe-lling add ing cut the final e and add -ing |
cook study live | cooking studying living | |
run | running | double the final consonant and add -ing |
spelling rules for the -ing form
32 My brother is taking a two month vacation inthe US.
1 A What are you doing? 1 22 l))
B I'm sending a message to Sarah.
In this picture the woman is standing near the window.
Use the present continuous:
for things that are happening now, at this moment.
for temporary things that are happening now, this week, etc.
to describe a picture.
[:]
i'ssnw'towrkoinrgki.ng.
you / we / they he / she / it
simple present or present continuous?
A What do you do? B I work for Microsoft. 1 23 l)) A What are you doing? B I'm checkingmy email.
E] II''mm wnootrkwiongrk. ing.
You
WTheey
'arreewn'otrwkoinrkgi.ng.
HShee
It
[Z] [Z] Are you working? Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
Use the simple present for things that are generally true or always happen.
Use the present continuous for an action happening now
[1]
Is he working? Yes, he is. / No, he isn't.
or at this moment.
• We normally use verbs that describe states or feelings (non-action verbs), e.g., want, need, like, in the simple present, not continuous.
GRAMMAR BANK
lA b Pquet stthioenwso. rds in the right order to make
a Put the word or phrase in the right place in the question. you live where do ? Where doyou live?
How old are you? (old)
1 \Vhere do you from? (come)
you a do have car ?
older is brother your you than ?
Where the train station? (is)
How often you read magazines? (do)
\Vhere your friends from? (are)
Why you write to me? (didn't)
Do you often to the movies? (go)
\Vhat this word mean? (does)
What time did arrive? (your friends)
Does finish at 8:00? (the class) 10 where were born? (you)
1
1B b
often he how to write does you ?
this time start does what class ?
Brazil from is friend your ?
languages how you many do speak ?
she born where was ?
last go where you summer did ?
father doctor your is a ?
come bus to you by school did ?
---( p.5
Put the words in the right order.
always before go I bed 1 1 :00 to
a Write sentences and questions with the simple present. tghoe mmoovviieess. we often the to
We often BO to
he /usually get up late El He usuaUy Bets up late.
Anna /like music [1J
my sister /have a lot of hobbies El
I /get along very well with my parents [:]
my brother /study at school El
my neighbors /have any children [:]
when /the movie start [1J
he /go out twice a week El
we /often talk about politics [:]
how often /you email your brother [1J 10 I /go on Facebook very often [:]
lC b
ever her Kate sees family hardly
Saturday never shopping on go we
a to I dentist year go twice the
in they breakfast the sometimes yard have
usually morning the we the listen in radio to
in day park every Alan the runs
after drink I coffee 4:00 never
often John to go doesn't movies the 10 visit I once my month a mom
--< p.7
cCoonmtipnlueoteutsh. e sentences with the simple present or present
a Wconritiensueonutse.nces with the present It /rain [:] Itisn't raininB.
The girl in the painting isplaying the guitar. (play)
1 My dog's not dangerous. He _ _. (not bite)
John /wear a shirt today! El
It's hot. Why /wear a coat [1J
Anna /sit next to Jane today [:]
Hey! You /stand on my foot! El
what book /you read [1J
we /think of you right now El
she /wear makeup [1J
they /make a big mistake El
your mother /shop at the mall [1J
she /live with her parents right now [:]
Why you sunglasses? It ! (wear, rain)
You can turn offthe radio. I to it. (not listen)
I _ to go to the bank. I _ any money. (need, not have)
Be careful! The baby that pen in her mouth! (put)
A you usually on weekends? (cook)
B No, we normally out. (eat)
A What you here? (do)
B I for Emma. She's late, as usual. (wait)
I usually drink tea, but I a coffee today. (want)
My sister from 9:00 to 5:00. She's a secretary. (work)
Wnoew. (live, staiyn) Chicago, but we in Los Angeles right
--<
p.8
Online Practice -
2
2A simple past: regular and irregular verbs
Use the base form after didn't for negatives and
Did...? for questions.
regular | irregular 1 36))) | |
I stayed with friends. I didn't stay in a hotel. Did you stay for the weekend? | We went to Brazil on vacation. We didn't go to Sao Paulo. Did you go to Rio? | |
Yes, I did. | No, we didn't. | |
Wh [1] | Where did you stay? | Why d-iedd.you go there? |
Remember:
auxiliary, subject, base form, e.g., Didyou BO out last niBht? or
question word, auxiliary, subject, base form, e.g.,
Whete didyou Bo?
base form swork | past sworked | spelling add -ed |
tay like | tayed | add -d if verb ends in e |
study | liked studied | y > -ied after a consonant |
stop | stopped | if veerb end in acnotnsonabnt- |
tvhoewfiln-aclocnosnosnonan, tdou le |
spelling rules for regular verbs
To make the simple past [±] ofregular verbs add See the spelling rules
Use the simple past to talk about finished actions in the past.
The formofthe simple past is the same for all persons.
in the chart.
Many common verbs are irregular in the [±] simple past, e.g., BO > went,
see > saw. See Irregular verbs p.164.
2B past continuous: was / were + verb + -ing
At 8:45 last Saturday I was working in my office. 1 39 I wasn't doing anything important.
My friends were having breakfast. They weren't working.
A Was itraining when you got up? B No, it wasn't.
Use the past continuous to describe an action in progress at a specific moment in the past.
l))
We often use the past continuous to describe the situation at the beginning of a story or narrative.
simple past or past continuous?
A What were you doing at 11 o'clock last night? B I was watching TV.
I was working in my office when the boss walkedin.
l 40 l))
[ ± ] I/ He/ She/ It was working. You/ We/They were working.
[:] I/ He/ She/ It wasn't working. You/ We/ They weren't working.
[1]00
Was he working? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn't.
Were they working? Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.
2C time sequencers
l))
On our first date, we wentto the movies. After that we started 1 46
meeting every day.
On Thursday I had an argument with my boss. The next day I decided to look for a new job.
We sat down to eat. Two minutes later the phone rang.
When I came out of the club, he was waiting for me. The accident happenedwhen I was crossing the street.
We use time sequencers to say when or in what order things happen.
I
We use when as a time sequencer and also to join two actions.
I waswatchinB TV when the phone ranB. (two verbs joined by when)
p then, after that
I was having lunch when my sister arrived.
Usethe simple past for a completed action inthe past.
Use the past continuous for an action in progress before or at the time of the simple past action.
connectors: because, so, but, although
because and so
>))
She was driving fast because she was in 1 47
a hurry. (reason)
She was in a hurry, so she was drivi ng fast. (result)
Use because to express a reason.
Use so to express a result.
but and although
l))
She tried to stop the car, butshe hit the man. 1 48
Although she tried co stop the car, she hit the man. She was very tired, but she couldn't sleep.
Tafhteemr tohsatt,cboumtmNoOnTwwaiythoaffltinekr,ineg.gc.,oIngsoetcuuptiavnedagctoitodnsreissswedith.
then or
She couldn't sleep, although she was very tired.
Afterthat I made a cup of coffee. NOT Af-Eer+ made a-et1-p- ef-Tche-efnfeec
Use but and althouBh to show a contrast.
AlthouBh can go at the beginning or in the middle ofa sentence.
2A
Put the verbs in parentheses in the simple past.
GRAMMAR BANK
Complete the questions in the simple past.
Where didyou80 on vacation last year?
1 (drive) there from
San Francisco, but our car (break)
TinwVoasnucmoumver.sWageo we took (take) our vacation
\Ve went to Orlando, Florida. a good time? Yes, we had a great time.
2
down on the freeway, and we 3 (spend)
_ _ witl1?
I went with my family.
the first night in Seattle. When we 4 (get) to Van couver,
\Ve (not know) what to do, but finally we _ _ (find)_
we 5 (not can) find a good hotel - they 6 (be) all full. 3 ?
a bed and breakfast, and we 9 (stay) there for t(hgeow) teoekan. 4 the plane ticket ?
7 8 We stayed in a hotel.
We 10 (see) 1t2he botanical gardens, 11 13
It cost $259.
a(wrtasnfte)sttoivgaol, taonVdiwcteoria, but we
(buy) a lot ofsouvenirs. We
5 the weather like?
it 15
14 (no16t have) enough time and It was hot and sunny.
(be) too far away. The weather (not be) very 6 _ _ at night?
good, and it 17 (scart) raining the day we 18
2B
a Ccoonmtipnlueoteust.he sentences with a verb in the past
I was eatin[J dinner, so I didn't answer the phone. (eat)
(leave). We went to cafes and restaurants. <Ill( p.13
b Put the verbs into the simple past or past continuous.
I
1
She arrived when we were havin[J dinner. (arrive, have) (break, play) my arm when I soccer.
2 you fast when the police
Iyatordo.k th(wisoprhko) to when my wife in the
you? (drive, stop)
He met his wife when he in Tapan. (live)
It when we the restaurant (snow, leave)
3 They for us when we arrived. (not wait)
(Inot see, workt)he game because I _
4
(wear)
she a coat when she went out?
W(cahlle,ntayloku)
me, I to my boss.
The sun when I left for work. (shine)
What you at 7:30 last night? (do)
W(steudy, meet) in the library when we _
I(not listen)
when you gave the instructions.
theiyr first baby? (inlivTeo, khyaovew) hen they
\Ve TV when you called. (not watch)
<Ill( p. 14
2C b
oCromplete the sentences with so, because, but,
a Put the sentences in the right order.
a D wHerteollodomkienhgefworaas tahpieofl.ice officer and that they
We couldn't find a taxi , so we walked home.
althouBh.
1 it was very cold, she wasn't wearing a coat.
b D Then another man cried to do the same.
c [I] 0ne day in 2011 Iwas standing in line for a bus. d D The next day I read the story in a newspaper.
D Whimhetnotghoe asnecdosntadnmdain lwineen.t in front ofme, I told
h D After that, a police car came and took the men away.
D Athefebwusewcoitnhdasmlaatenr., the first police officer got off
D Suddenly a man ran in front ofme and got on the bus.
I woke up in the night there was a noise.
I called him, his cell phone was turned off
_ _ she's very nice, she doesn't havemany friends.
There was nothing on TV, I went to bed.
All the cafes were full it was a holiday.
She wanted to be a doctor, she failed her exams.
Tphhoetyoagrrdaploho.ked very beautiful, I took a
p.16
the team played well, it didn't win.
<Ill(
Online Practice -
3
3A be going to
I'm going to workfor an NGO. 1 57 l)) He's going to meet me at the airport.
I'm sure our favorite tennis players are going to lose tomorrow. It's going to rain tonight.
you / we / they he / she / it
1 Use
be going to + base form to talk
be fJOin[J to
+ base form to make
[!] YWoeu He
aItb'sowuitnftuetrutrheerpel,asnosito'sr intentions.
cold.
I'm going to
They
They
're going to
SIthe
It
's going to
workfor an NGO.
2 WLoeouksaet that car! It's
to crash.
[:]
I'm not going to WYoeu
aren't going to
HShee
isn't going to
work for an NGO.
a prediction when we know or can see
that something is going to happen.
going to be
going
AIsrheeygouoigngoitnogwtoorwkofrokrfaonr NanGON?GO? YYeess,, hI aemis..//NNoo,,I'hme nisont'.t.
3B present continuous (future arrangements)
El I'm seeing a friend tonight. 64l))
p Wbeegcoainngofttoenorupsreeesietnhtecr ownitthinnuooudsif?ference in meaning,
e.g., I'm goingto see Anna on Tuesday. OR I'm seeing
defining relative clauses with
Isee somefi iends tonight.
3C who, that, where • Use defining relative clauses to explain what a person, thing, or place is or does.
[:]
She's arriving at lunchtime.
She isn'tleaving until Friday.
They aren't coming to the party.
Anna on Tuesday.
It's very common to use the present continuous with the
ewxitphrevsesribosnsdetosncrigibhint,gttormavoerrloawrr,atnhgisemweeenktse,ned.,ge.,tgc.oa, ncodme,
What are you doing this evening?
Is she meeting us at the restaurant?
We often use the present continuous with a future meaning, especially for future arrangements, i.e., forplans we have made at a fixed time or place in the future. Don't use the simple present for th is. NOT
A cook is a person who makes food.
Il'emavle, avrinrigve. is more common than I'm going to
leave on fvlonday
on fvlonday.
Use who that for a thing, and where
That's the woman who won the lottery last year.
A clock is something that tells the time.
Is thatthebook that everybody's reading?
A post office is a place where you can buy stamps.
ID s>))
for a person,
who that
about things.
for a place.
p Ythoautcan use that instead of who.
She's the girl I works with
That's the restaurant where I had dinner last week.
Ymoyubcraonthuesre. which instead of that to talk
It's a thing which I that connects two
computers.
GRAMMAR BANK
3A b Look at the pictures. Make sentences with Boin& to + a verb. a Complete with Boin& to + a verb. be (x2) love f f i f f i
bnoet licsotoekn
ds-eoe nsottagyotakleearn
� L----"\_
� �
What movie are you &oing to see tonight?
your sister _ Chinese?
You in class 3 next year.
We camping next summer.
We in a hotel.
We a taxi to the airport.
I a wonderful meal tonight.
� �
It'sgoing to rain. 2 Not that one. It too expensive.
You can talk, but I to you.
What you when you leave school?
1 We late for work! 3 You this book!
� p.21
A
3B b Complete the dialogue between two apartmentmates.
a Read the sentences. Write N for now or F for future.
[E] I'm meeting Joe at two o'clock.
D I'm living in an apartment with two college friends.
D We're coming back on Monday.
D She's moving to Canada soon.
D I'm waiting for the mail carrier.
D I'n1 reading a really good book about science.
D We're meeting Alicia and Kenji for lunch on Sunday.
D Karl is arriving at 6 o'clock.
D I'm studying for my math exam.
3C
a Complete the definitions with who, that, or whe1'e.
A mail carrier is the person who brings you your mail.
2
1 An octopus is an animal lives in the ocean and has eight legs.
4
3
A lawnmower is a machine cuts the grass. A waiter is the person serves you in a cafe.
A changing room is a room people try on clothes.
6
5 A bellhop is the person helps you with your luggage.
What areyou doing (do)?
B I1 (pack) my suitcase.
A Why?
B Because I 2 (fly) to Seattle at 8 o'clock tonight.
B
A Oh, I didn't know. Why 3 (go) to Seattle? I 4 (see) the boss ofVTech
Solutions tomorrow.
B
A Why 5 (meet) him?
I 6 (work) on a project for
him right now, and I need to discuss it with him.
A Oh, well have a good trip!
� p.23
b Write sentences with who, that, or ivhere.
She / the woman / catch the same bus as me
She's the woman who catches the same bus as me.
That / the dog / always barks at night
That / the store / I bought my wedding dress
That / the actor / was in Glee
They / the children / live next door to me
This / the restaurant / they make great pizza
That / the switch / controls the air-conditioning
He / the teacher / teaches my sister
That / the room / we have our meetings
This / the light / is broken
Garlic is a kind of food keeps vampires away.
7 A garage is a place people fix cars.
� p.24
Online Practice -
4
4A present perfect
I've finished my homework. She's cleaned rhe kitchen.
He hasn't done the dishes.
2 16l))
yet, already
l))
A Have you done your homework yet? � 17 B No, not yet. I haven't finished yet.
A Do you want to see this movie?
B No, I've already seen it three times.
A Has she turned offher phone? B No, she hasn't.
We often use the presentperfect to talk about the recent past, not saying exactly when things happened.
We often use the present perfect to give news.
Maty 's had her baby! A package has arrivedforyou.
full form contraction negative past participle
We often useyet and already with the present perfect.
Useyet in [I] and Gsentences to ask if something has happened or to say ifit hasn't happened. Putyet at the end ofthe sentence.
Use already in III sentences to say that
You have
I have
We have
He /She/ It has
IY'voeu've I haven't WHee/'vSehe/ It's He /She/ It hasn't
finished the exercise.
something happened before now or earlier than expected. Put already before the main verb.
You haven't
We haven't
They have They've They haven't
he done the homework? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't.
HHase you finished the exercise? Yes, I have. I No, I haven't.
For regular verbs the past participle is the same as the simple past (+ -ed). For irregular verbs the past participle is sometimes the same as the simple past (e.g., buy, bought, bought) and sometimes different (e.g., do, did, done). See Irregularverbsp. 164.
4B present perfect or simple past? (1)
present perfect or past simple?
Have you ever been to a costume party?
She's seen that movie twice.
I've never met Nina's husband.
2 24l))
A Have you ever been to Mexico?
B Yes, I have.
A When did you go there?
B I went last year.
ID 2s>))
We often use the presentperfect to talk about past experiences in our lives when we don't specify a time.
be go.
fvlik e has been to Paris.
p Cbeoemnpaanred tghoenperesent perfect of and
= He went to Paris and came back.
fvlik e has gone to Paris. = He's in Paris now.
4C something, anything, nothing, etc.
2
34>))
people
III Somebody / Someone has taken my pen! G I didn't speak to anybody / anyone.
[I] Did anybody / anyone call?
0 No, nobody / no one. Nobody / No one called.
things
III I bought something for dinner.
G I didn't do anything on the weekend.
[I] Is there anything in the refrigerator?
0 No, nothing. There's nothing in the refrigerator.
A Have you seen his new movie?
B Yes, I have.
A What did you think ofit?
B I loved it.
Conversations often begin in the present perfect (with a general question) and then change to the simple past to ask for or give specific details, e.g., when, what, where, who with, etc.
places
III Let's go somewhere this weekend. G We didn't go anywhere this summer.
Is there anywhere to park?
0 No, nowhere. There's nowhere to park.
Use somebody / someone, something, somewhere with a III verb when you don't say exactly who, what, or where.
didn't anythinB
Use anybody / anyone, anything, anywhere in questions or with aG verb.
I do last night. NOT I didn't do-nothing.
Use nobody / no one, nothing, nowhere in short answers or in sentences with a III verb.
GRAMMAR BANK
4A
a Write sentences in the present perfect.
He / clean the car G He's cleaned the car.
She / buy a new jacket G
He / find a job yet G
/ you speak to Mr. Jackson [I]
vVe / find a great hotel G
They / finish eating G
/ you see Peter this morning [I]
/ you do your homework this week [I]
We / reply to Ms. Jones's email yet G
4B
a Complete with the verb in the present perfect.
Have you done the grocery shopping today? (do)
B
1 you ever clothes from that store? (buy)
b Write sentences or questions with already oryet.
He / arrive. (already) He's already arrived.
I / have / breakfast. (already)
/ you / finish / your homework? (yet)
The movie / start. (already)
I / not meet / his wife. (yet)
They / buy their math books. (already)
You're too late. He / go / home. (already)
---C:: p.29
/ you speak / to him? (yet)
I / not read / his new book. (yet)
b Complete the dialogue with the present perfect or simple past.
B
A Oh, no! I've seen this movie before! (see)
A
Really? When 1 it? (see)
12 to the movies in March,
and it was in the theaters then. (go)
I always a pair ofdesigner shoes. (want)
I the newspaper today. (not read)
Oh, never mind. I 3
movies in ages. The last movie I 4
A
was Mamma Mia! (not be, see)
to the
_
We to the new shopping mall yet. (not be)
your brother abroad all his
life? (live)
5 it? (enjoy)
B Ofcourse! I 6 it! (love)
c Complete with been or Bone.
They
to live in South America. (go)
"Where's Rob" "He's� to the basketball game."
She before. (not fly)
James his girlfriend's family yet. (not meet)
you in this restaurant before?
The kids aren't here. They've all out.
Have you ever to the swimming pool in town?
I haven't to Sue's new apartment yet.
(eat)
10 Jane to the gym. She'll be back in an hour. (go)
My sister has
Dad's
is full.
to teach in Thailand.
to the grocery store. The refrigerator
4C
a Complete with somethinB, anythinB, nothinB, etc.
Are you doing anythinB tonight?
Did you meet _ _ last night?
called when you were out. They're going to call back later.
I've seen your wallet , but I can't remember where.
There's interesting on TV tonight.
Did call while I was out?
Did you go exciting on the weekend?
Let's go out.
-<Ill( p.31
I bought you really nice for your birthday!
I rang the doorbell, but answered.
We went shopping, but we didn't buy
There's more expensive than New York City!
Answer with Nobody, Nowhere, or NothinB·
What did you do last night?
Where did you go yesterday?
Who did you see?
Answer the questions in b with a complete sentence.
1 I didn't do _
-<Ill( p.32
2 _
3
Online Practice
-
5
SA comparatives
My brother's older than me.
It's more dangerous to ride a bike than to drive.
People walk more quickly than in the past.
I'm less relaxed this year than I was last year.
2 40>))
comparative adjectives: irregular
adjective good bad | comparative better |
far | worse |
adjective stressed tired | comparative more stressed |
bored | more tired |
farther / further
more bored
The service in this restaurant isn't as good as it was. She doesn't drive as fast as her brother.
To lceossm+pare two people, places, things, or actions use:
comparative adverbs: regular irregular
quickly more quickly hard harder
c(noomt)paasr+ative adjectives.
as.
slowly more slowly
well
better
comparative adverbs (for actions).
badly
worse
adjective or adverb.
adjective / adverb +
p Comparatives with pronouns
adjective short big | comparative I one syllable: add -er I shorter | |
one vowel + one consonant: | ||
busy | bigger | double final consonant consonant + y: y +-ier |
relaxed | busier more relaxed | |
atwdjoecotrivmeore syllables: more + | ||
comparative adjectives: regular
58 superlatives
the +
It's the dirtiest city in the US. 2 43>))
in +
It's the most popular vacation destination in the world.
It's the most beautiful city I've ever been to.
It's the noisiest city in the worldn.ames ofplaces or singular words for
It's the best movie I've seen this year.
Aprfotnerocuonm(mpaer, ahteirv,ee+tct.)hoarnaosruabsj.e.. cats,pwroenuosuena+naoubxjeilicatry
fv1y brother's taller thanme. fv1y brother's taller than I am.
verb, e.g.,
He's notas intelligent as her. He's not as intelligent as she is.
2 We often use the + ever
1 Use
superlative adjective to say which is the biggest, etc. in a group.
adjective cold hot | comparative colder hotter | _superlative the coldest the hottest |
pretty | prettier | the prettiest |
beautiful | more beautiful | the most beautiful |
good | ||
bad | better | the best |
. far | worse | the worst |
farther / further | tfuhertfhaerstthest / the |
Aftersuperlatives, we use groups ofpeople, e.g.,
superlative adjective with the present perfect +
SC quantifiers
too much, too many, too
too much, too many, too
1 I'm stressed. I have too much work.
2 52>))
enough
enoughenough
Do you eat enough vegetables? I don't drink enough water.
Sheendoouegshn't sleep enough.
ID s3 >))
too much + coffee, time)
•
He talks too much.
My diet is unhealthy. I eat too many cookies.
I don't want to go out. I'm too tired.
a verb.
Use to say "more than is good."
1 Use uncountable noun (e.g., or after
My refrigerator isn't big enough.
I don't go to bed early enough.
after a verb with no object. after an adjective or adverb.
2 Use tooom+ any + countable nl-1omu-tn-o-&mu(e.g.,-e-c1ot-ot-ire-dkies., people).
Use
Use
Use
before a noun to mean "all that is necessary."
3 Use adjective NOT
GRAMMAR BANK
SA
a Write sentences with a comparative adjective or adverb
+ than.
New York is more expensive than Miami. (expensive)
b Rewrite the sentences so they mean the same. Use as... as.
James is stronger than Clive. Clive isn't as stronB asJames.
1 Adam is shorter than Jerry.
Modern computers are much the early Jerry isn't _ ones. (fast) 2 Your bag is nicer than mine.
My sister is me. (tall) My bag isn't
I'm this week lastweek. (busy) 3 Tokyo is bigger than London.
San Francisco is from Los Angeles London isn't _
_ San Diego. (far) 4 Tennis is more popular than volleyball.
I thought the third Men in Black movie was _ Volleyball isn't
the first two. (bad) 5 Children learn languages faster than adults.
Manchester United played Arsenal. (good) Adults don't _
The history exam was the math exam. (hard)
6 I work harder than you.
You don't _
8 My new job is
my old one. (boring)
7 The Lakers played better than the Knicks.
9 My new apartment is my old one. (big) 10 I'm not lazy - I just work you! (slowly)
SB
a Complete the sentences with the superlative.
Is this the biBBest city in the world? (big)
The Knicks didn't _
---( p.37
b Write sentences with a superlative +
ever + the present perfect.
It / good movie / I / see
It's the best movie I'veeverseen.
Thais are people I've ever met. (polite) 1 It / hot country / I be to
Yesterday was day of the year. (hot)
This is time to drive to the city. (bad)
She's girl at school. (friendly)
This is part ofthe exam. (important)
She / unfriendly person / I/ meet
It / easy exam / he / take
They / expensive pants / I / buy
It / long movie / I / watch
_ time to visit New England is the fall. (good) 6 He / attractive man / I / see
Ulan Bator is one of cities in the world. (polluted)
I've ever flown is to Bali. (far)
That's definitely movie I've ever seen. (funny)
It / bad meal / I / eat
He / interesting teacher / I/ have
It / exciting job / we / do
Rob's daughters are all pretty, but I think Emily is . (pretty) <1111( p.38
SC
a � the correct form.
How � many milk do you drink?
I eat too / too much chocolate.
I eat too much / too many potato chips.
I don't drink enouBh water / water enouBh.
I can't come. I am too busy / too much busy.
You work too much / too many.
I don't have enouBh time / time enouBh.
b Complete the sentences with too, too much, too many, or enouBh.
You eat too much red meat. It isn't good for you.
I'm not very fit. I don't exercise _ _
I can't walk to school. It's far.
There are cars on the streets today.
I spend _ _ time on the computer - it gives me headaches.
I don't sleep - only five or six hours, but I really need eight.
I was sick to go to work yesterday.
8 I always have workand not free time.
--< p.41 Online Practice
There were people at the party, so it was impossible
7 I don't BO out enouBh / enouBh BO out.
8 She's too lazy / too much lazy.
to dance. -
6
A I'm seeing Jane at six. B She'll be late. 3 4l)) The movie's in French. We won't understand anything.
It's a great book. I'm sure you'll like it. I don't think it'll rain tomorrow.
6A will I won't (predictions)
IWtheionftkehneu'lslJeawiilltlh/eweoxna'mt +. Ibdasoenf'totrhminfokrhfeu'ltlupreass
predictions, i.e., to say things we think, guess, or know about the future.
We often use I think / Idon't think + will.
NOT
the exam. ft-hin-k-ke-won1-tpa-ss:
B G f) Wbeegcoainngaltsoofuosrepbreedgicotiniogntso to predict
won't be
happen (see e.g.,
II/t/YWoue//HTeh/eyShe/ I 'll be late. II/t/YWoue//HThe/eyShe/ I late.
Contractions: 'll = will; won't = will not
[I] [Z] 0
something yo3uAk),now or can see is going to Look at the clouds. It's going to rain. gTohienyg'retoplwaiynin. g very well. I'm sure they're
Will
hI/ey/osuh/e/ tith/ewy e/
be late? Yes,
Ih/ey/osuh/e/ tith/ewy e/
will. No,
hI/ey/osuh/e/ tith/ewy e/
won't.
weBOfor a walk?
In? sentences with I we, shall
I'll helpyou with those baBs. NOT I-h-elp-ymt:
68 will I won't (decisions, offers, promises)
decisions
I won't stay for dinner. I think I'll go home early.
offers
I'll help you with your homework. I'll open the door for you.
promises
I'll always love you. I won't tell anybody.
3 11 >))
Use will / won't + base form for making decisions,
offering, and promising.
and (and not will) is sometimes used to offer to do something or to make a suggestion, but this is not a common use.
Shall
tense | example | use 3 19>)) |
simple present | I Jive downtown. She doesn't smoke. | things that happen always or usually |
present continuous | He's looking for a new job. | things that are happening now or in the near future |
I'm leaving tomorrow. | things that we have arranged for the future | |
simple past be BoinB to | We saw a good movie last night. We didn't do anything yesterday. | finished actions in the past I |
past continuous won't + | He was working in Chiang Mai. What were you doing at 7:00? | actions that were in progress at a past time I |
+ base form | I'm going to sec Tom tonight. | future plans |
Look! It's going to rain. | predictions when we know / can see what's going to happen | |
will / base form | You'll love New York. | predictions |
I'll call her later. | instant decisions | |
I'll help you. | offers I | |
I'll pay you back tomorrow. | promises | |
present perfecc | I've finished the book. | recently finished actions (wedon'tsay when) |
Have you ever been to Iran? | past experiences |
6C review of verb forms: present, past, and future
I
I
I
I
I
rI
6A
a Wconrittreascetniotnens cwehs earnedyqouuecsatino.ns with will / won't. Use [:] it / be easy to pass It won't be easy to pass.
[II I think they / lose the game
[1J the meeting / be long
GRAMMAR BANK
b Complete with will + a verb from the list.
be (2) get like pass snow
A Do you think the traffic will be bad?
B No, because it's a holiday today.
1 A Do you like this band?
[:] she / get the job - she's not qualified
[1J you / see him at work later
[II I don't want to go. it / be impossible to park
[:] you / like that book
[II I think she / love the present I bought her
[:] there / be a lot of traffic in the morning
B Yes, I think they famous one day.
A Is this a good movie.
B Yes, I'm sure you it.
A Do you thinkit ?
B No, it's not cold enough.
A What do you think I for my birthday?
B
[II you/ find a good job, I'm sure
[II everything / be OK, so there's no need to worry
6B
Match the sentences.
I don't know. What did you ask for?
5
A I'm so worried about the exam!
B Don't worry. I'm sure you_ _
A
B
A I can't do this cyrouss.word.
It's a secret.
<llll(p.44
D
It's hot in here. [Q] A I'll help you with it.
1 I'm thirsty. B I'll make you a sandwich.
B I anyone, I promise.
Can I borrow $50?
3 A When will I hear from you again?
I have a headache. D C I'll carry one for you.
B I you tonight.
D
This exercise is hard. D D I'll lend you some money.
D
I'm hungry. E I'll buy some on my way home.
These bags are heavy. F I'll send it by email now.
A
5
B When you me back?
A It's my birthday next week.
I left my wallet at home. D G I'll open the window. 6
B Don't worry. I _
I need that photo urgently. D H I'll turn off the music.
A II feel sick.
you home.
A This chocolate you bought isn't very good.
We don't have any milk. 0 I I'll get you a glass of water. 7 B
8 A These shoes are coo small.
Complete the sentences with will / won't + a verb.
buy call forget get have help pay take tell
A What would you like? B I'll have the fish.
6C
Complete the questions with one word.
B Yes, Iknow. I it again.
B I a bigger pair for you, ma'am.
<1111( p.46
Put the verb in the right form.
A Wha1 t are we doing tonight? (do)
Where do you usually have lunch?
I didn't see you at work last week. Were you sick?
B We
A But we
dinner with Diego and Luz.
2 dinner with them last week!
(have)
(have)
you often remember your dreams?
B Yes, but they 3 to tell us some good news.
(want)
youlisten to the game on the radio last night?
A Oh, OK then. 4 I some flowers. (buy)
Who do you think win the election next year?
your brother like rock music?
B It's 8 o'clock! Where 5 you ? (be)
A I'm sorry. \\Then I 6 home, I
7
What you going to watch on TV tonight? 8
Mto abrukyinthtehfelostwoerers An(wdatlhke,nstIop, see)
it snowing when you left?
Were you at the partylast night? I_ see you.
B Well, hurry up. We 9 late! (be)
<1111( p.49
Online Practice
A It's OK. I 10 a taxi, and I'll be
the movie finished yet?
you been to the supermarket?
9
ready in five minutes. (already call) -
7A uses of the infinitive • Use the infinitive:
It's important not to be late.
EnEJlish. NOT jor--karn--Ertg.
after question words, e.g.,
to say why you do something.
to learn
etc.
7
l after someverbs, e.g., want, need, would like, etc. See Verb forms p. 158.
Try not to talk about politics.
2 It'll be nice to meet your parents.
1 I need to buy some new clothes. 3 24 l))
2 Iafctaemr eadtojetchtiisvsecsh. ool
what, where, when,
I don't know where to go or what to do.
A Why did you go to the party?
B To meet new people.
I went to the party to meet new people.
7B uses of the gerund (verb + -ing)
p RBeamseefmorbmer that we use the base form after auxiliary verbs (do I edtoce.s), eI .dgi.d, nD'ot)yaonudliavfetenremarohsterme?odCaalnvyeorbush(eclapnm, ceo?uIldw, owni'ltl, fwoorgueldt,.
What would you do?
The gerund is the base form of the verb + inEJ. It can be
like, love, hate, enjoy,
affirmative (e.g., EJOinB) or negative (e.g., not EJOinB)-
l Eating outside in the summer makes me feel good. 3 28)))
My idea ofhappiness is getting up late and
not going to work.
2 I love reading in bed.
I hate notgetting to the airport early.
Use the gerund:
-inB
as the subject or object ofa sentence.
after some verbs, e.g.,
forms p.158.
after prepositions.
can't / must not +
Rememberthe spelling rules for the
etc. See
Vpe.1r2b6.
3 I'm thinking ofbuying a new car. He left without saying goodbye.
7C have to, don't have to, must, must not, can't
form. See lC
Use must + verb (base form) to talk about rules and
Use base form to say something is
El I have to get up at seven every day. 3 34l))
can't
can't
mustnot
have to +
He doesn't have to work on Saturdays.
have to, don't have to
obligations.
must
The words
and
have similar meanings,
The verbs
are the same for all persons.
prohciabninteodtm.ourstto/ smtautsetanorut le.
(have to
HaveItoEJO?
[l] Do I have to buy a grammar book?
Use
Use
•
or that something is not necessary.
Use
NOT
She has to speak Engl ish at work.
[:] We don't have to wear a uniform at this school.
but
The verb
is not often used in questions
is
verb (base form) to talk about rules and obligations.
have or has. I have to EJO. NOT I'vetogo.
must and have to
more common, especially in speaking. Must is
must not and don'thave to
often used in official forms, notices, and signs.
use
p
ismore common in speaking. You can also
don't have to + verb (base form) to say that there is no obligation,
Must and have to are very similar, but have to is
What time does she have to get up in the morning?
3 35
l))
do / doesto make questions and negatives. Do I have to £IO?
more common).
Don't contract
must I must not I can't
El You must do yourhomework tonight.
Must not and don't have to have completely
different meanings. Compare:
I necessary.
you (you = people in general), e.g.,
You don't have to go. = You can go if you want to,
You must not go. = You can't go. It's prohibited.
but it's not obligatory
She must clean up her room before she goes out.
[:] You must not leave your bags here.
You can't bring food into the library.
WImepoefrtseonnaulsyeohuave to and must with impersonal
pYhouothoasvien ttohewmeaursaeusmea. tbelt in a car. You can't take
GRAMMAR BANK
7A
a Match the sentence halves.
Be ready [ID
Dowe need D
In some countries, it's important D
4 D
I know you're tired, but try D
We were late, so Tomo offered D
5 It's difficult
A to drive us to the train station.
B to show yom passportat cheek-in.
C not to forget people's names in a big class. D to dress correctly in public.
E to change our money at the airport? F not to fall asleep during the movie!
7B
b Complete the sentences with an affirmative or negative infinitive.
do not drive go 19ave learn look for not make meet
I'm planning to have a party next week.
A Hi, I'm Ji Su.
B I'm Rosaria. Nice you.
What do you want tonight?
4
I need to the store. I don't have any bread or milk. Try a noise. Your father's asleep.
I'd really like how to drive.
Be careful too fast on the way home - the roads are icy.
He's decided _ _ a new job.
<llll( p.53
b Put the verbs in the -inB form or base form.
I like listening to the radio in the
a Complete the sentences with a verb in the list in the -inB form.
mornings. (listen)
health. (do)
be Ele practice remember study swim teach text travel 1 Pilates is good for your
I really enjoy doi
118
yoga. It makes me feel great! 2 We've decided
a vacation this
2
1 One thing that always makes me happy is _ _in the ocean. year. (not take)
You can't learn to play a musical instrument well without regularly.
My mother's very bad at names.
teenagers is very hard work.
My sister spends hours on the phone her friends.
We won't take the car. It's impossible
. (park)
I'm not very good at maps. (read)
You can borrow the car ifyou promise
slowly. (drive)
I hate the first to arrive at parties. 6 Has it stopped ? (rain)
by train is usually cheaper than by plane. 7 I don't mind , but I don't like
I'll go on for as long as I can - I love being a student! the dishes. (cook, do)
8 I hate early in the morning. (get up)
<1111( p.54
7C
a Complete the sentences with the correct form ofhave to.
I don't have to go to school on Saturdays
2
1 Janice study very hard - she has exams soon. You stop your car at a red light.
4
3 your sister go to Los Angeles for her job interview?
you to finish this now?
We get up early tomorrow. Our flight leaves at 6:30.
Will work today - his store is closed.
I go now. It's very late.
we go to bed? It's only 10 o'clock!
b � the correct form, have to, don't have to, must, must not, or can't. Check ✓ ifboth forms are possible.
D We�/ mustnot go to work next week. It's
a holiday.
D You don't have to / must not touch the oven. It's hot.
D Do you have to / must send a photo with your
passport form?
D The concert is free. You don't have to / can't pay.
D I'm late for a meeting. I have to / must go now.
D You don't have to / must not leave the door open - the
dog will get out.
D You don't have to / must not come ifyou don't want
to. I can go by myself.
D You can't/ don't have to use this computer-it's broken.
D You don't have to / can't be very tall to play soccer.
<1111( p.56 C•t0it,iJAM3itii Ell
8
wear a suit to the interview. change your job.
shouldshoulsdhould
You
I think you
3 NOT Ithink
46l))
oushouldn't...
SA should I shouldn't
shouldn't drink cosffheoeuinldtnhe'tevening. It'll keep you awake.
Use should / shouldn't + verb (base form) to give somebody
ought
y
We often use I thinkyou should... or I don't thinkyou should...
advice or say what you think is the right thing to do.
shoouludg/hsthouldn't is the same for all persons.
I don't think you
He's very stressed. He
You
speak to her.
work so hard.
p You cantoalso use ought to instead of should e.g.,
WYoeudon't ustuoawllyeaursae souuigt.ht to in the negative form.
very happy ifyou don't go.
miss
a taxi.
SB first conditional: if+ present, will I won't
1 Use if+ present to talk abouta possible situation and will /
1 IIffl
wwodnoi'lntl 'ybtoeu do ifwheodno'tebsen't call you?
4 2 l))
won't + base form to talk about the consequence.
2 The ifclause can come first or second. Ifthe ifclause comes
will + base form in the other clause.
2
3
Ifyou What
you She
you
her the truth, she
go, she the last bus,
cavnertyahkaeppy.
you.
3 You can also use the imperative or can + base from instead of
miss the last bus, I'll take a taxi.
first, we usually put a comma before the next clause.
mine.
yours? NOT
Don't use possessive pronouns with a noun. NOT
theirs.
It's
It's
hoeurrss. .
It's
Whose bag is it? It's herbag. It's
Whose dog is it? It's our dog. It's
can come. | She loves | me. | This is | my | seat. | |
You | you | your | ||||
He | him | his | ||||
She | -her it | her | ||||
It We | us | its our | ||||
They | them | their | ||||
tell won'tbelieve
Whose house is it? It's their house.
It's
Use possessive pronouns to talk about
possession. Is it
Yes, it's
Use whose to ask aboutpossession.
book is it?
is that baB?
If miss take
Ifyou the last bus, you
a taxi.
SC possessive pronouns
Whose coat is it? It's my coat. 4 12 >))
If I miss the last bus, I'll take a taxi.
usnis l mine. |
yours |
his |
hers |
its ours |
theirs |
It2s-rrt:ine-frcrcrk:
Don't use the with possessive pronouns, e.g., Is this fs-t,h+s-t he-ycru1's?
pronouns and possessive adjectives overview
Whoseyhjoiasuc. rkse.t is it? It's your jacket.
psurobjneocutns
opbrojencotuns apdojsescetsivsievse
proosnsoes ve
Whose phone is it? It's his phone.
It's
yours? mine.
Whose Whose
1111
GRAMMAR BANK
SA
Complete with should or
shouldn't.
You should stop smoking.
You work really long hours every day.
You lose a little bit ofweight.
You eat more fruit and vegetables.
You put so much sugar in your coffee.
You start exercising.
You drink less soda.
You drink more water.
You go to bed so late.
Complete the sentences with should or shouldn't + a verb in the list.
drive go -leave relax spend study take walk wear
We should leave early. It's going to start snowing soon.
You a scarf. It's really cold today.
I this afternoon. I have an exam tomorrow.
You alone in that part ofthe city. Take a taxi.
She more. She'svery stressed.
You so fast at night - the roads are dangerous.
You to bed. You look tired.
Parents more time with their children.
We a break yet -we only started work at 10:00.
-Ill( p.61
SB
a Match the sentence halves.
Ifyou leave now, [g
D
The ticket will be cheaper D
Ifl don't see you this afternoon,
You'll learn more quickly D
Ifyou get that new job, D
You won't pass your driving test D
Ifl lend you this book, D
A ifyou don't take enough lessons. B will you give it back to me soon?
C you'llcatch the 8.00 train. D ifyou travel after 9:00.
E ifyou come to every class. F will you earn more money? G I'll call you this evening.
SC
a � the correct form.
\,Vhose car is that? It's her /@)
This isn't my / mine pen. It's Susan's.
I think this book isyour /yours.
This isn't your suitcase. It's ours / our.
b Complete with the correct form ofthe verbs.
Ifwe start walking, the bus willcome. (start, come)
Ifyou me your secret, I anybody else. (tell, not tell)
Ifl it down, I it. (not write, not remember)
you me ifyou any news? (call, get)
She you ifyou her nicely. (help, ask)
I you if I from Alex. (call, hear)
You your friends ifyou to Paris. (miss, move)
Ifyou carefully, you everything. (listen, understand)
The boss very happy ifyou late for work. (not be, be)
I you home if you me directions. (drive, give)
-Ill( p.62
b Complete the sentences with a pronoun or possessive adjective.
This isn't my coffee. It's yours. Where's mine?
A Is that her car?
B No, it's her boyfriend's. is a white Ford.
Maya has a new boyfriend, but I haven't met _ _ yet.
Look. Here's a photo ofAlexand Kimwith new baby.
We've finished paying for our house, so it's _ _ now.
Where's Mary? I think these are her/ hers gloves.
These keys are mine / the mine.
They showed us all theirs / their vacation photographs.
These seats are thefrs / their, not ours. We're
over there.
Is thisyours /your bag?
This isn't my jacket. It's her / hers.
These are our tickets. Can you give Maria and Marta ?
We're very lucky. Our parents bought this dog for _
We both love gardening. Would you like to see garden?
New York City is famous for tall buildings.
-Ill( p.65
C•t0it,iJAM3itii 11111
9
9A second conditional: if+ past, would I wouldn't p Wb�itihn tsheecovenrdbcboendyoituiocnaanlsuse were (instead of
was / were
Ifa bull attacked me, I'd run away. 4 16>)) Ifyou didn't go to bed so late, you wouldn't be so tired in the morning. Would you take the manager's job ifthey offered it to you?
Ifl had more time, I'd do more exercise.
I'd do more exercise ifl had more time.
Ifwe went by car, we could stop at places on the way.
was) after I I he I she I it, e.g.,
IfJack here, he'd know what to do.
you,...
Use were (not was) in the expression If I were
IfI were I wouldn't take thatjob.
We often use this expression for advice, e.g., you,
first or second conditional?
Use if+ past to talk about an imaginary or hypothetical future situation and would / wouldn't + verb to talk about the consequence.
would / wouldn't is the same for all persons. Compare the first and second conditionals.
Contractions: 'd = would (I'd,you'd, he'd, etc.); wouldn't = would not. • Use the first conditional for possible future
The ifclause can comefirst or second. Ifthe ifclause comes first, we
situations.
usually put a comma before the nextclause. IfIdon't have to worktomorrow, I'll helpyou.
You can also use could + base form instead ofwould + base form in the other clause.
(= It's a possibility. Maybe I will help you.)
Use the second conditional for imaginary or
hypothetical situations.
IfIdidn't have to work tomorrow, I'd helpyou.
(= It's a hypothetical situation. I have to work, so I can't help you.)
9B present perfect + for or since
A Where do you live now? 4 21 >))
Use the present perfect +for or since to talk about actions and states that started in the past and are still true now.
Jo, twentyyems.
I've lived in Tokyofor twentyyears. = I came to live in Tokyo twenty years ago,
AB
AB
B ln Tokyo.
and I live in Tokyo now.
•
B
How long have you lived there?
I've lived there for twenty years.
Where do you work?
A
In an elementary school.
How long have you worked there?
I've worked there since 2005.
9C
B He was a musician for twenty years.
Don't use the simple present in this type ofsentence, e.g., NOT IliveinTokyo
Use How long... ? to ask questions about the duration of an action or a state.
for or since?
Usefor + a period of time, e.g.,for two weeks,for tenyears,for a long time, etc.
I've hadthis carfor three months.
Use since withthebeginningofa period oftime, e.g., since 1980, since lastJune, etc.
present perfect or simple past? (2) 1 Use the simple past to talk about a finished period oftime in
the past.
I've been ajl'aid ofspiders since Iwas a child.
Compare the simple past and present perfect.
1 A How long was Bob Marley a musician? 4 28 >))
B
B He didn't win any.
A How long has Ziggy Marley been a musician?
B He's been a musician since he was ten.
A How many Grammys has he won?
A How many Grammys did he win?
2
He's won four.
2 Use the present perfect to talk about a period of time from
the past until now.
divorced or dead.
Jack has been marriedfor tenyears. = Jack is married now.
Jack was marriedJo,· tenyears. = Jack is not married now. He's
GRAMMAR BANK
9A
Match the sentence halves. You'd feel much better [Al
1 I'd enjoy the weekend more D
Complete with the correct form ofthe verbs.
Ififound a good job, I would move to the US. (find, move)
\Ve the house if it a yard. (buy, have)
If you Indian food, I'm sure you it. (try, like)
You more ifyou harder. (learn, work)
2 Ifit's sunny tomorrow, D
4 Ifwe _
_ a car, we _
_ drive up to the mountains. (rent, can)
4
3 Would you wear it D
Ifwe learned Portuguese, D
I wouldn't work D
IfI went to live in Tokyo, D
A ifyon did some exercise.
B would you come to visit me?
C if I bought it for you?
D we could go to the beach.
E ifI didn't have to work on Saturday. F we could go and work in Brazil.
G ifI didn't need the money.
9B
We our son more often ifhe nearer. (see, live)
I to chat restaurant ifl you - it's very expensive. (not go, be)
I you to the airport ifmy mom the car. (take, not have)
I really like riding a bike, but I my bike to work ifI a
car. (not ride, have)
you your country ifyou a well-paid job abroad? (leave, get)
1O I love living here. I happy if I leave. (not be, have to)
,-<:p.68
b Answer the questions in a. Use the present perfect +
a Write questions with How lonB and the present perfect. you / be married HQw lQ11.g llav�;)!QU b.��n marri�d.?
Jor or since.
I've been marriedfgr 20 years.
1 you / be frightened of clowns | ? | 1 | I | I was a child. |
2 your sister / have her car | ? | 2 | She | three years. |
3 you / live here | ? | 3 | I | a long time. |
4 your dad / be a teacher | ? | 4 | He | 1990. |
5 you / know your best friend | ? | 5 | I | elementary school. |
6 Britain / be in the EU | ? | 6 | It | 1 973. |
7 you / have your cat | ? | 7 | V.le | about two years. |
8 he / work for the same company
9C
a �the correct form.
�
? 8 He 2008. <Ill( p.71
b Complete with the present perfect or simple past.
1 A Where does Rob live now?
B In San Diego.
She is /
single since last summer.
A How long there? (he / live)
He left / He has left school two years ago.
I lived / I've lived in Vancouver for two years, but then I moved to Toronto.
She lives / She's lived in Florida since 2010.
My sister had / My sister has had her baby yesterday!
I work inan office. I work / I've worked there for 20 years.
The city chanBed / The city has chanBed a lot since I was a child.
They're divorced now. They were / They have been
married for ten years.
I met / I've met Sandra when I was / have been in college.
B For three months. He there in Septen1ber. (move)
1 97 7,
A When ? (Picasso / die)
B In in Paris ! think.
B
A How long in France? (he / live)
For a long time. He _ Spain when he was 25. (leave)
A My brother and his wife get along very well.
B How long _ _ married? (they / be)
A They married since 1995. They in college. (be, meet)
B Really? _ that in Chicago? (be)
<Ill( p.72 C•t0it,iJAM3itii BIii
10
lOA passive: be + past participle • You can often say thingsin two ways, in the active orin thepassive.
Josephine Cochrane invented the dishwasher. (active)
Present: am / is / are + past participle 4 38 l)) The dishwasher was invented by Josephine Cochrane. (passive)
El Kevlar is used to make bullet-proof vests.
In the active sentence, the focus is more on Josephine
[:] White-out isn't used very much today.
[1] Are disposable diapers used all over the world?
Past: was / were + past participle
El The dishwasher was invented by Josephine Cochrane. [:] Vlindshield wipers weren't invented until 1903.
Cochrane.
In the passive sentence, the focus is more on the dishwasher.
You can also use the passive when it isn't known or isn't important who does or did the action.
by
My car was stolen last week. Volvo cars are made in Sweden.
[1] When was the washing machine invented? • Use to say who did the action.
The Lord ofthe Rings was written by Tolkien.
10B used to I didn't use to
El When I was a child, I used to play on the street. 4 43l))
My brother used to have very long hair.
[:] Children didn't use to watch much TV when my father was young. My daughter didn't use to like vegetables, but now she loves them.
W Did you use to wear a uniform at school? Yes, I did.
Did you use to like your teachers? No, l didn't.
Use used to / didn't use to + base formto talk about things that happened repeatedly or were true for a long period oftime in the past, but are usually not true now, e.g., things that happened when you were a child.
used to / didn't use to is the same for all persons.
Instead ofusedto, you can use the simple past with an adverb offrequency.
When I was a child, I often played on the street.
lOC might I might not (possibility)
We might have a picnic tomorrow, but itdepends on the weather. 4 50 l)) She might come with us, but she's not sure yet.
I might not go to the party. I haven't decided yet.
You might not see him today. He's coming home late.
Use might / might not + base form to say that maybe you will or won't do something.
We miBht have a picnic tomorrow. = Maybe we will have a picnic tomorrow.
miBht / miBht not is the same for all persons.
miBhtnot is not usually contracted .
p used to or usually?
used to only exists in the past.
sFoimr phlaebpitrsesinetnhte, NprOeTsetnis-te, u-1:see usually + INuOsTua-l-llty1s-ce-ol:oe-keienetk-hieA e-ivhe -einvgeAs.iAgs.
possibility, e.g.,
p mYoauycIamn aaylsnooutse may instead of might for
I may not go to the party.
We may have a picnic tomorrow.
lOA
a Complete with present or past passive.
The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889. (complete)
Many ofthe things we use every day by women. (invent)
In the US, most children in public schools. (educate)
Australia by Captain Cook in 1770. (discover)
This morning I up by the neighbor's dog. (wake)
Baseball in the summer in the US. (play)
The songs on this album last year. (record)
Nowadays a lot oftoys in China. (make)
Carols are songs that at Christmas. (sing)
These birds in Canada. (not usually see) 10 " Rome in a day." (not build)
INTHE PAST.
10B
a Look at how John has changed. Write five sentences about how he was
GRAMMAR BANK
b Rewrite the sentences in the passive, beginning with the liighlighteal words.
Shakespeare wrote 1Ham1e� in 1603.
Hamlet was written by Shakespeare in 1603.
Jonathan Ive designed 'fhe iPo ancl. Tue iPhone.
Most Mediterranean countries produce o ive oil.
4
Herschel discovered Uranus in 1781. Barry Sonnenfeld directed the en in B1ac movies.
David Hockney painted M1· and Mrs Clar and Percy in 1970-1971.
Elvis Presley didn't write HlueSue e Shoes.
JK Rowling wrote the Harry Potter books.
They make Hyundai cars in South Korea.
...C:p.76
b Make sentences with used to, didn't use to, or
did ... use to?
III you / have long hair
Didyou useto have lonB hair?
He used to be slim.
1
long hair.
[El my sister / hate math, but she loves it now
III where / you / work
[] I / like vegetables when I was a child
III what / you / do on summer vacation when
you were young
[] Americans / put a lot ofice in drinks
[El this building / be a movie theater
III your brother / teach here
glasses.
a beard.
D I/ be a New York Yankees fan
III Jeff/ have a motorcycle
4 soccer.
[El telegrams / be a way of sending important
5 a tie.
<Ill( p. 79
messages
lOC
Match the sentences.
Take some sunscreen. [Q]
AD Yft-omu:im-ghige-be-rht faela-l.H
D
unny:
Complete the sentences with miBht + a verb phrase.
bme0cv-oields nboetshicakve btiemien a nmoetelitkinegit ghoatvoetphiezza
Let's buy a lottery ticket. D
Call the restaurant. D
Don't stand on the fence.
Let's take a map. D
Try the shirr on. D
D
Don't wait for me. D
Be careful with that knife!
Ask how much it costs. D
B It may not be your size.
C We might get lost.
y-s
E \Ve may not have enough money.
F You might cut yourself.
G It may be closed on Sundays. H We might win.
I I may be late.
I'm not sure what to do tonight. I miahtao to
the movies.
Kim wasn't at school today. She _
His phone is turned off. He _
It's an unusual book. You _
I don't know ifI'll finish it. I _
I'm not sure what to order. I _
Take a jacket. It
<Ill( p.80 C•t0it,iJAM3itii 111111
11
llA expressing movement
The man went up the steps and into the church. He drove out ofthe garage and along the street. I ran over the bridge and across the park.
11B word order of phrasal verbs
What time do you get up?
I don't usually go out during the week.
Put on your coat. Put your coat on. Put it on.
4 58l))
5 3l))
To express movement, use a verb ofmovement, e.g., BO, come, run, walk, etc. and a preposition (or adverb) ofmovement e.g., up, down, away, etc.
j) in into? out out
or or of?
turn
iCsonm't ea innotuon.
He went outthoefliving room. Come in.
Remember, use into I out of+ noun, or in I out f there See Expressingtmheovheomuseen.tHpe.1w6e2n. t out.
A phrasal verb = verb + particle (preposition or adverb), e.g., Bet up, on, lookfor.
Some phrasal verbs don't have an object, e.g., Bet up, BO out.
Some phrasal verbs have an object and are separable. With these phrasalverbs, you can put the particle (on, off, etc.)
Turn offthe TV. Turn the TV off. Turn it off.
I'm looking for my glasses.
Have you found your glasses? No, I'm still looking for them.
before or after the object.
When the object is a pronoun (me, it, him, etc.) it always goes between the verb and particle.
Here'syour coat. Putit on. NOT Putonit.
3 Some phrasal verbs have an object and are inseparable, e.g., lookfor. With these phrasal verbs, the verb (e.g., look) and the particle (e.g.,Jor) are never separated.
I'm lookingfor my Blasses. NOT Fm--l-ookingrny--fjl-as-ses--J-or.
llC so, neither + auxiliaries
A I love classical music.
B So do l.
I went to a classical concert last night.
So did I.
A I'm not married.
B Neither am I.
I don't want to get married.
Neither do I.
5 6l))
See Phrasal verbs p.163.
simple present present continuous can I can't | I don't like classical music. | Neither do I. |
I'm having a great time. | So am l. So can I. | |
I can swim. | SNoeiwther did I. | |
simple past -would I wouldn't | I dwidans'vtelirkyettirheedm. ovie. I wouldn't like to go there. | as I. Neither would I. So have I. |
present perfect | I've been to Brazil. |
Be careful with the word order.
neither nor
So do I. f Neither do I. NOT 5-&f--d&. f ,1\"'eithe1Ido.
Use So do I, Neither do I, etc., to say that you have something in common with somebody.
Use So + auxiliary +I to respond to affirmative sentences.
Use Neither + auxiliary + I to respond to negative
p and
You can also use nor instead of neither, e.g.,
B NorINeither did I.
A I didn't like the movie.
Neither
is usually pronounced /'nio�x/, but can also be pronounced
sentences.
The auxiliary you use depends on the tense.
/'nato.)r/.
GRAMMAR BANK
llA
a � the correct preposition.
I lost my cell phone signal when we went across �a tunnel.
b Complete the sentences with the correct preposition.
He jumped into his car and drove away.
1 As I biked under the bridge, a train went
\Ve ran to / down the ocean, and jumped into / out ofthe water. it.
If you go over / past the bank, you'll see the supermarket on the right.
He walked along / across the street until he got to the park.
The plane flew on/ over the town and then landed.
The dog ran toward / to me, but then it stopped.
We biked over / out ofthe bridge and in / into the city.
The racing cars went around / under the track 12 times.
The little boy suddenly ran across / throuBh the road.
11B
� the correct form. Ifboth are correct, check ✓ the box.
Come . The door's open.
This is the 3rd floor. Go those stairs and you'll come to the 2nd floor.
He walked _ the cafe and ordered a coffee.
I like going on a Saturday night.
He took his passport his bag.
I'm exhausted. I've just biked
a huge hill. <llll( p.85
Complete the sentences with it or them and a word from the list.
back out on (x2) up (x3) down
Turn offyour phone / Turn yourphone offbefore the movie starts. [Z]
Tonight I have to look my sister after / look after my sister. D
Let's £JO out this evening / £JO this evening out. D
Turn down the radio / Turn the radio down. It's too loud. D
My brother is lookin&for a newjob / lookinB a new jobfor. D
You should throw away those oldjeans / throw those oldjeans away. D
D
I don't like shopping for clothes online - I prefer to try them on /
try on them before I buy them.
Take offyour shoes / Takeyour shoes offbefore you come in. D
That's my sister - I think you'd really get along with her / Bet along her with. D
Ifit doesn't fit, you should take back it/ take it back to the store. D
What time do you get up in the morning / get in the morning up? D
I can't hear the radio. Turn i1 up.
Your clothes are all over the floor. Pick _
Here's your coat. Put
"What does this word mean?" "Look "
To get your passport, there are three forms. Please fill now.
You remember that money I lent you? When can you give ?
Is there anything on TV? Let's turn
and see.
You won't remember my address. Write
<1111(
p.87
llC b Respond to A. Say you are the same. Use So.. .I or
Neither... I.
a Complete B's answers with an auxiliary verb.
A I like chocolate. B So do I.
A B
A I'm really thirsty. B So I.
I didn't go out last night. Neither I.
A B
A I was born in Seoul. B So I.
A B
I don't eat meat. Neither I.
A B
I've been to Istanbul. So I.
I can't sing. Neither _ _ I.
A I'd like to go to Bali. B So I.
A I saw a movie lastweek. B So I.
A I wouldn't like to eat that. B Neither _ I.
I don't like cabbage. Neither do
A I.
A I live near the supermarket.
A I'm not afraid ofsnakes.
A I went to bed late last night.
A I haven't been to Canada.
A I don't have any pets.
A I can speak three languages.
A I always drink coffee in the morning.
A I'm waiting for the bus to the airport.
<1111( p.88
10 A I can play chess. B So I.
C•t0it,iJAM3itii 1111
12
12A past perfect
El When I woke up the yard was all white. 5 17 l))
It had snowed during the night.
I suddenly realized that I'd left my cell phone in the taxi.
D We got home just in time - the game hadn't started.
When she got to class, she realized that she hadn't brought her book.
W A I went to New York City last weekend. I really loved it.
B Had you been there before?
A No, I hadn't.
12B reported (or indirect) speech
Use the past perfect when you are already talkingabout the past and want to talk about an earlier past action.
When I woke up theyard was all white. It had snowed during the night. = It snowed before I woke up.
Make the past perfect with had / hadn't + past participle.
The form of the past perfect is the same for all persons.
had is sometimes contracted to 'd.
'd can be had or would.
Be careful:
p had or would?
If
I didn't know that you'd found a newjob. ('d = had)
('dy=ouwwouelndt) by taxi, you'dget there more quick ly.
Verb tenses change like this:
direct speech "I love you."
"I've just arrived." "We'll come at eight."
reported speech 23 l))
direct speech "(Iscimapnleheplrpeysoeunt.") ("pI'm swatching nu | reported speech could help me. I (Sseimspalied p(tahsatt)) he e was watching he tsaiod ( ihat) ssh |
re ent contiTVo."us) "I'll call you." | (pas c nt nuou ) TV. He told me (that) he would call me. |
(will) "I met a girlt." | J(would)ld me (that) he had met a girl. poahsn to ) |
(simple pas ) "I've broken my leg." | ( t perfect Sara said (that) she had broken her leg. |
(present perfect) |
He said (that) he loved me.
She said (that) she had just arrived.
He told me (that) theywould come at eight.
"I don'twant to go to Jack told Anna (that) he didn't
the party."
want to go to the party.
Use reported speech to report (to tell somebody) what another person said.
We often introduce reported speech with said or told (+ person)
Aftersaid or told that is optional, e.g., He said (that) he loved me.
Pronouns oftenchange in reported speech, e.g., I changes to he
orshe.
"I'm tired." She told me (that) shewas tired.
(past perfect)
YouHe scan'taid use said with an object or pronoun.
used differently.
Ysaoyu ocranteulls? said or told in reported speech, but they are
loved me(t. hat) he loved me. NOT He- s-aid- m e-{t-Flatf- he
YHoeutmoldusmt euse told with an object.
leved-mec
(that) he loved me. NOT He-- telfi-{that]- --Me
12C questions without auxiliaries
When the question word (Who?, What?, Which?,
How
many?, etc.) is the subject of the verb in the question, we don't use an auxiliary verb (do / does / did).
subject
Who
Which singer How many people Who
verb
painted made live wants
5 27l))
Mr and Mrs Clark and Percy? reggae popular all over the world? near the school?
a cup ofcoffee?
Who painted Mr and Mrs Clark and Percy?
NOT Wh&ditfpainr.:-?-
In most other questions in the simple present and past, we use the auxiliary verb do / does / did + the base form. What music do you like? NOT What mttsicyau like? See lA p.126.
12A
Match the sentence halves.
GRAMMAR BANK
pCaosmt ppelertfeectth. e sentences. Put the verbs in the simple past and We didn'tBeta table in the restaurant because we hadn't made a
D
I couldn't get into my house because [Q
1 \Vhen our friends arrived D
reservation. (not get, not make)
1 I(n_ot_re_cog_ni_ze, cShoannigaeb) ecause she a lot.
D
I took the jacket back because
Jill didn't come with us beDcause
2 Min yhifsriceanrd. (call, leave) to tell me that I my wallet
D
I turned on the TV news
Fumiko was nervous because D
3 W(tuhrennoIn, already finisht)he radio, the news _
6 \Vhen I got to the supermarket checkout A she'd made other plans.
B I realized that I'd left my wallet at home.
S(nhoet lend, not watchm) e the DVD because she it yet.
The store by the time we _ (close, arrive)
C I'd lostrny keys.
D I had bought the wrong size.
When we
the kitchenhowmined, wowe.sa(wgetth, abtresaokm) ebody
E it was the first time she had flown. F to see what had happened.
G we hadn't finished cooking the dinner.
12B
wLuocrk.ly(,sitto p, leave) snowing when we
<llll( p.93
"
b Write the sentences in direct speech.
a Write the sentences in reported speech.
"I love you." He told her that he loved her.
1 "I'm hungry." She said that she _ _
He told her that he was a doctor. He said: "I'm a doctor."
She saiid:t"hat she was studying Japanese.
Tony to.ld me that his car had broken down. "
He told her he _ __
"I don't like sad movies."
"I'll call the doctor." Hesaid he _
�ony sa1d : "
"
Yoshi said:t"hat he would send me an email.
"PI'avuelbtoldguhts athnaetwhep_hone." _
Bella and Eberto said:t"hey were in a hurry. "
"SI lhievesadiodwthnatot wshne."
"\TVheecyasna'itddtohaitt!"they _
Julie said that she__
"I saw Eclipse at the mov ie theater."
He said:h"e hadn't finished his essay yet. "
She tsoalid:u"s that she wouldn't arrive on time. "
<1111(
p.94
David said:h"ehad just arrived. "
€0
12C
a the correct question form.
\Vhatyou did / � last night?
What happened / did happen to you?
What means this word / does this word mean?
b Wtheriatenstwheeqrsu?estions. Do you know How many Formula 1 championships
did Michael Schumacher win?
(Michael Schumacher / w in)
1 W(Bahreanck Obama / become)
president of the US?
3 Hmoeewtimnga?ny people came / did come to the
Which US state with the letter "H"? (start)
Which bus goes / does go to town?
Which movie won / did win the Academy
ich books ? (J.R.R. Tolkien / write)
Who
_ the soccer \1/orld Cup in 2010? (win)
Award this year?
What said the teacher / did the teacher say?
Who made / did make this cake?
Which sport the lightest ball? (use)
Where ? (the 2012 Olympics / take place)
Which company ? (Steve Jobs /start)
It's del icious!
<1111( p.96 C•t0it,iJAM3itii 111111
Describing people
1 APPEARANCE 2a
PERSONALITY
VOCABULARY BANK
Match the sentences and pictures.
Match the adjectives with the definitions.
What's he like? What's she like?
/'lc1zi/ shy /Ja1/ smart /smart/ talkative /bbt1v/
flarizeyndly /'fn::ndli/ funny /'fAni/ generous /'d3cndrds/ kind /kamd/
Adjective Opposite
A person who is open and warm is
A person who talks a lot is
A person who likes giving people things is
A person who is friendly and good to other people is
A person who doesn't want to work is
A person who makes people laugh is
intelligent)
A person who is quick at learning and understanding things is (synonym
A person who can't talk easily to people he / she doesn't know is
fi·iendly
stupid
extrovert /'ckstrdvdrt/
b Complete the Opposite column with an adjective from the list.
What does he / she look like?
chhaerdawpo/trfkiipn/g
/,hordw;:,rktl)/ quiet /'kwa1;:,t/ serious /'strbs/
She has curly red hair. She has long straight hair.
1 She has big blue eyes. She has darkwavy hair.
He has a beard and a mustache.
He's bald.
He's very tall and thin.
He's short and a little Qverweight. He's medium height and slim.
1 lOl)) Listen and check.
p thin or slim? fat or overweight?
sTlhimin =antdhinsliimn aanreatbtortahcttihvee owpapyo. site of fat, but
sFoatmiseonnoet vise(ray lpitotlleit)eo. vIteirswmeoigrhetp. olite to say
WUseinogfttewnouasdejtewctoivaedsjetcotgiveetshetorgether e(w.git.,hSohuet hanasd)lotnogdceusrclryibheaihraoir Horeehyaess,big
sbirzoew>snteyylees>.cAodlojercntoivuens. go in this order:
/'stupdd/ unfriendly IAn'frrndli/ unkind IAn'kamd/ c 1 ll l)) Listen and check.
d
In pairs, ask and answer about a member ofyour family or a good friend.
A What does your sister look lik�
� She's tall and she has short dark hair.
A What's she lik�
p nice; funny or fun?
Nniicceepisearsvoenr.yNciocemdmeosncr[±]ibeasdajepcetirvseonofwpheorsiosnfarileitnyd, ley.ga.n, dHek'isnda. very
---( p.6
Apepresorsnownhwohyooius hfuanvneyamgaokoedstyimoue lwauitghh. . A person who is fun is a
-
Things you wear
Match the words and pictures.
Clothes
cardigan /'kard1g;m/ coat /koot/
If
dress /drr.s/
jacket /'d3rek8t/ jeans /d3inz/
pants /prents/
VOCABULARY BANK
shirt 8rt/
1 shorts /J::,rts/ skirt /sbrt/ suit /sut/
sweater /'swet8r/
top /tap/
T-shirt /'tj';:)rt/
warm up suit /'w:1rm Ap sut/
Footwear
boots /buts/
flip-flops /'fhp flaps/ sandals /'srendlz/
shoes /Juz/ sneakers /'sn ik;:,rz/
Accessories belt /bdt/ cap /krep/ gloves /glAvz/ hat /hret/
leggings /'leg1oz/ scarf /skarf/
socks /sa ks/ tie /ta1/ tights /la1ts/
Jewelry
bracelet /'bre1sbt/ earrings /'moz/ necklace /'nekl8s/ ring /rro/
19 >)) Listen and check.
p Uwseear,wceaarrrfyo,rocrlodtrheesss?and jewelry/ glasses, etc.
UShsee'scawrreyarfionrgbaaghsa,tb. Hriee'fscawseeasr,inegtcs.unglasses.
Us (with no object) to describe the kind of clothes people wear.
TCeosvteyrotuhreswelof rodrsaapnadrtlnoeork.at the pictures.
She's carrying a bag.
TV�1odurrnesasl1_sts dress very well. Jane always dresses in black .
� p.8
Ell
Vacations
PHRASES WITH GO
a Match the phrases and pictures.
VOCABULARY BANK
OTHER VACATION ACTIVITIES
Complete the verb phrases.
s-t:-aybook sbuunybathhaeve tarkeent spend
go abroad
1 go away for the weekend
go by bus / car / plane /train go camping
go for a walk
go on vacation go out at night go sightseeing
go skiing /walking / biking
go swimming /sailing / surfing
1 31 >)) Listen and check.
_s -�tYa in a hotel / at a campsite /with friends photos
souvenirs
on the beach
a good time
money /time
an apartment / a bicycle /skis
flights / hotels online
1 32 >)) Listen and check.
Test yourself. Cover the verbs. Remember the phrases.
ADJECTIVES
Match the questions and answers.
What was the weather like? It was . ..
What was the hotel like? It was...
What was the town like? It was. ..
What were the people like? They were...
What was the food like? It was...
EJ
El comfortable, luxurious E] basic, dirty, uncomfortable
EJ
friendly, helpful E] unfriendly, unhelpful [±] beautiful, nice G noisy, crowded
EJ
delicious G nothing special, disgusting
warm, sunny E] very windy, foggy, cloudy
1 33 >)) Listen and check.
j) ElGenneicrael, awfofnirdmeartfiuvl,efaanndtansetigca, tgivreeaatdjectives
G
OK, not bad, alJjg_ht awful, horrible, terrible
� p.12
yCoouvresreltfhoerpahpraasretns earn.d look at the pictures. Test
Prepositions
AT/INION
a Complete the chart with at, in, or on.
VOCABULARY BANK
VERBS + PREPOSITIONS
a Complete the Prepositions column with a word from the list.
Place | Time | |
1 | CPoeruun,tLriimesa and cities Rthoeomkistchen | MFeobnrtuhasry, June S(tehaes) ownisnter |
about at for in of on to with
Ba usitlodrineg, as museum
Ca lpoasrekd, aspyaacreds
a car
2 Ta rbainkesp, aorbtuast,ioantrain,
Y20ea1r1s
the morning,
Times of day
evening
the afternoon, the
(not -Right)
D/Vfaatrecsh 1st
I arrived New York City on Friday night.
Prepositions
i n
Tuesday, New Year's
a plane, a ship (not ear) Days
Day, Valentine's Day the week end
...,,�'-"•-��3
roof, the wall
Athseufrl.foaacr,ea table, athsehelf, the balcony,
I was very tired when I arrived the hotel.
I hate waiting people who are late.
A What are you going to do the weekend?
B I don't know. It depends the weather.
I'm sorry, but I really don't agree you.
I asked a chicken sandwich, but this is tuna!
Let's invite Debbie and Tim the party.
7:45
3 cscohlleogole, home, work , the airport, the train station, a bus stop
a party, the door
T6imo'celsock, two thirty, lnuignchht, midnight,
Who's going to pay the meal?
I need to speak Martin the meeting.
I don't spend much money food.
Are you going to write him soon?
Don't worry the exam. It isn't very hard.
She fell love a man she met on the Internet.
You're not listening! What are you thinking ?
1 42l)) Listen and check.
Look at the chart for a few minutes. Then test a partner:
B
Say a place or time word, e.g., Lima, Tuesday. Close your books. Say the preposition (at, in, or on).
.,C:p.14
Change roles.
A What do you think Shakira?
I really like her. I think she's great.
1 68l)) Listen and check.
Cover the Prepositions column. Say the sentences.
arrive in or arrive at?
p
arrive at+
Remember we use arrive in + cities or countries
and buildings, stations, etc.
.,C: p.23
Housework, make or do? VOCABULARY BANK
1 HOUSEWORK
a Match the verb phrases and the pictures.
clean the floor clean your room
do the dishes do the ironing
do the laundry
do the shopping make lunch
make the beds
pick up dirty clothes (from the floor) put away your clothes
1 set the table (opposite clear)
take out the garbage
b 2 13>)) Listen and check.
2 MAKE OR DO?
the pictures.
Write make or do next to
do a crossword a mistake
an exercise / homework
__ _ a noise
aphone call
housework
friends
lunch /dinner
__ _ yoga
plans
�14>)) Listen and check.
Cover the phrases and look at the pictures. Say the phrases.
Talk to a partner.
c SCaoyvtehrethpehprahsreass.es and look at the pictures.
What housework doyou usually do? Whathave you done today?
•
\Vho does the most housework in your family?
•
Do you argue about housework in your family? Give examples.
WIs thhaetrheoaunsyehwoourskedwooyrokuyohuatleikdeodinogin?gW? hat don't you mind doing?
--C:p.28
Shopping
VOCABULARY BANK
IN A SHOP OR STORE
a Match the words and pictures. checkout
customer
fitting rooms receipt salesperson
shopping cart / basket
b V 28
1 take something back try something on
>)) Listen and check.
c Cover the words and look at the pictures. Say the words.
Iffitcloortshueist?
p
(e.g., too bdigo,nt'otofistmyoaull,, titomo etiagnhst,tthoeoyloaoreseth).e wrong size
oIfncylootuh.es don't suit you, it means they don't look good
ONLINE
Read the text about shopping online. Then complete it with words from the list.
delivery /d11hvori/ item /'a1tom/
checkout /'t.fckaot/
account /d'kaunt/ auction /':)k.fn/ cart /kart/ payment /1pe1mont/ size /saiz/ website /1wcbsa1l/
L..'::::================� (Search He p D
Shopping online
When you are shopping online, first you go to the 1website.
2
The first time you use a site, you usually have to create an where you give your personal information. You then
choose what you want to buy and click on each 3
4
If you are buying clothes, make sure you get the right
! Everything you buy goes into your shopping bag
or 5 , usually at the top right of the6page. When you
..
.so
t..P
have to give your 7 addres8 s where you want them
are ready to pay you click on "proceed to ." You then
to send your things and give your information,
for example your credit card number and expiration date. Many people today also buy and sell things online at 9 _ sites like eBay.
--(p.31
2 29 >)) Listen and check.
Describing a town or city VOCABULARY BANK
WHERE IS IT? HOW BIG IS I T?
a LofoRokeadt itnhge amnadp@. Thenthre cdotrhrecdtewscorridpstion
or phrases.
I I
in the mountains. It is about 60 miles east I
Reading is a city in the east / westofthe state of Pennsylvania in the US, on the Schuykill River I
shopping malls, which were the first in the
b
west of Philadelphia. It is a small medium l8a8rg,0e0c0i.tIyt,iasnfdamitohuassfaopr iotpsudlaistci ounotfoaubtoleutt
US.
2 46 >)) Listen and check.
WHAT'S IT LIKE? adjectives to describe a town or city
a Match the adjectives and sentences 1-6.
Opposite
WHAT IS THERE TO SEE?
Put the words in the right column.
edaes-pHaretm/'kerentsls/tocreat/dh1e'pdarratlm/b;)n'0t isdtr:-,drl// mcahrukrecth//'mt.fdarrtbji' t/ mosque /mask/
boring /'b:mu/
excitinB
mstuasteueum/'s/tmrety.ufu'z/ idtme/mppleal/a'tceem/'ppire/ ldtso/wnshhoapllp/'itnagunmahl::,l J//'.fap11J m::,1/
Religious buildings | Pbluayctehsinwghsere you can | Hmiosntourmicebnutisldings and |
castle |
crowded /'kraud�d/
dangerous /'demd3drds/
modern /'maddrn/
noisy l'n:,1Lil
polluted /pd'lutJd/
Twhitehreloaurde ma luostioc.f restaurants and clubs
The air is very dirty.
There are too many people.
The buildings were all built very recently.
b
There's noth ing to do.
in a.
You have to be careful, especially at night. Match these adjectives with their opposites
old /ould/ quiet /'kwatdt/ safe /se1f/
ecxlecaitnin/gklIiInk/'sae1tm11]p/tyin/'teemrpetsit/ing /'rntrdst11J/
opposites.
d
c a2nd47b>.)) Listen and check your answers to a RCeomveermthbeewr tohredasdajnecdtlioveosk aantdthtehesierntences.
g)48l)) Listen and check.
Which of the places in a are there / aren't there in your city?
( !.herree'issna'tcatchaesdtrlea.l and some churches.
--C: p.39
- �
Opposite verbs
VOCABULARY BANK
Match the verbs and pictures.
/bre1k/
arrive (early) /�'ra1v/
Opposite
leave
break (yourglasses)
/for'gct/
buy (a house) /bail find (your keys) /famd/
/pres/
/mrs/
/lend/
forget (a name) lend (money to somebody) miss (a train)
/pu.f/
pass (an exam)
1 push (the door)
/start/
send (an email) /srnd/
/titJ/
start (a race)
/t8rn 'on/
teach (English)
turn on (the TV)
win (a game) /wm/
Find the opposite verbs in the list.
Write them in the Opposite column.
catch /kcet.f/
fail /fell/
borrow (from somebody) /'borou/
fgiextIIrerepcaeiriv/ef1k/gse/t//n/'npc'sri/v/ lleeaarvne//1!8ivr/n/
lpouslel /(pxo2l)/ /luz/
/t8rn 'of/
rseemll /esmcib/ er /n'mcmb8r/ tsutornp o/fffinish /stop/ /'fm1.f/
3 2 >)) Listen and check.
Cover the verbs and look at the pictures. Remember theverbs and their opposites.
---(p.44
Edit View
�
Send � Cut
Verb forms
1 VERBS + INFINITIVE
a Complete the to + verb column with to + a verb from the list.
be bring buy catch drive find get married ge (x2) help pay rain see turn off
decide We've decided to France for our vacation.
forget Don't forget all the lights.
hope We hope you again soon.
learn I'm learning . My driving test's next month.
need I need to the supermarket. We don't have any milk.
offer He offered me with my resume.
plan They're planning soon.
pretend He pretended sick, but he wasn't really.
promise He's promised me back when he gets a job.
remember Remember your dictionaries to class tomorrow.
start It was very cloudy and it started
try I'm trying a job, but it's very hard.
l))
want I want the six o'clock train.
would like I'd like a new car next month. b 3 25 Listen and check.
c Cover the to + verb column. Say the sentences.
-<lll(p.53
2 VERBS + GERUND (VERB + -ING)
to + verb
togo
VOCABULARY BANK
a Complete the gerund column with a verb from the listin the gerund.
be cook do have make rain r-eaEI talk clean up wake up work
enjoy I enjoy in bed.
finish Have you finished your room?
gerund
reading
go on (= continue) I want to go on until I'm 60.
hate I hate late when I'm meeting someone.
like I like breakfast in a cafe.
love I love on a sunny morning.
(don't) mind I don't mind the ironing. It's very relaxing.
spend (time) She spends hours on the phone.
start*
stop
It started at 5:30 in the morning.
the sentences.
Please stop that noise. I can't think.
feel like I don't feel like today. Let's go out for lunch. _ _
start can be used with a gerund or infinitive, e.g., It started raining. It started to rain.
c Cover the gerund column. Say
-b 3 29 l)) Listen and check.
--< p.55
j) ggeett
get
meanings, e.g., getup, get on with.
Engilsisoh.nIet hoafsthsevmeorasltdcioffmemreonnt mveerabnsinings, em.ga.n, yarrpriveep,obseitcioonmseo, ar naddvcearnbsalwsoithbediufsfeerdenwtith
Match the phrases and the pictures.
Bet = become (+ adjective / past participle)
get angry
get divorced
get in shape get lost
get married
1 get nervous
Bet = become (+ comparative)
get better
get colder get worse
Bet = buy / obtain
get a job
get a newspaper get a ticket
Bet + preposition (phrasal verbs)
get along (well) with get on / offa bus get up
Bet (to) = arrive
get home
get to school get to work
Bet = receive get an email get a present
get a (text) message
3 54l)) Listen and check.
Cover the phrases and look at the pictures.
Test yourselfor a partner.
� p.61
7 1--------,. ,
•
Salet
,,;
VOCABULARY BANK
- r
u a (B
g i-------, Ion Tues Wed
�
26· 1 9· 1 9°
c��PR�---e�,r111J-- [gl �\T� ,
:1
--><::::.
Ell
Confusing verbs
a Match the verbs and pictures.
wear /wr,r/ carry /'kreri/
jewelry a baB
clothes a baby
win /wm/ earn /::irn/
a medal a salary
a prize money
/nou/
a Bame
know meet/mit/
somebody well somebodyfor thefirst time
somethinB at 11 o'clock
[I]
VOCABULARY BANK
/hoop/ /weit/
1 hope wait
that somethinB for a bus
Bood will happen for a lonB time to do somethinB
watch /wotj1/ look at /lok ret/
TV aphoto
a Bame your watch
look /luk/ look like /lok laik/
happy your mother
about 25years old a model
tmheisbsu/smis/ laoBsaem/leuz/
take /te1k/
a class you1· Blasses
bring /bnu/
your dictionary an umbrella
somethinB back your children
look /luk br/
J,-om vacation to school
for find /famd/
your Blasses your Biasses
say /se1/
ajob ajob
tell ltd/
sorry ajoke
hello a lie
/lend/
/'boroo/
somethinB to somebody somebody somethinB
b
lend
money to somebody
Si)) Listen and check.
borrow
moneyfrom somebody
j) hhooppee =a ntdo ewxapnetcstomething to happen and think it will happen,
c Work with a partner. A say a verb, B say a possible continuation.
A Wait� 0- for a bus
always for positive things, e.g., / hope I'll pass the exam. (hnaovtenne'tcwesosrak eridly a positive thing), e.g., / expect I'll fail because I
very hard.
expect = to think something will happen, usually for a reason
Alofotkerand look like
� p.63
look like we use a noun.
After look we use an adjective or an age.
Animals
Match the words and pictures. bee /bi/
butterfly /'bAt;'.}rflaJ/ fly /fla1/
mosquito /m;'.}'skitou/ spider /'spaJd;'.}r/
1 bull /bul/ chicken /'tf1bn/ cow /kau/ goat/gout/ horse /h:xs/
pig /pig/ sheep l'.fip/
bat /b(Ct/ bear /ber/ bird /b;'.}rd/ camel/'kreml/
crocodile /'krak;'.}dail/ dolphin /'dalfon/ elephant /'£1;'.}font/ giraffe /d3;'.}'raef/ jellyfish /'d3£lifif/ kangaroo /kaeI)g;'.}'ru/ lion /'la1;'.}n/
monkey /'mAJJki/
mouse (plural mice) /maus/ rabbit /'raeb;'.}t/
shark Ifark/ snake /sne1k/ tiger /'ta1g;'.}r/ whale /wc11/
4 17l)) Listen and check.
Cover the words and look at the pictures. Test yourselfor a partner.
-..C: p.68
[I]
VOCABULARY BANK
Expressing movement
(the lake) Mraund/
under (the b1'idBe) !'And;:ir/
VOCABULARY BANK
Match the words and pictures.
around
along (the st1'eet) /;:i'bIJ/
/'ouv-;Jr/
through
across
(the tunnel) /0ru/ into (the store) /'mtu/
/'tou;:ird/
(the 1'0ad) /8'kr:,s/
/daun/
over (the b1'idBe)
up (the steps) IApl
past (the chu1'Ch) /prest/ toward (the lake)
1 down (the steps)
out of (the store) /'aut QV/
p in(to) and out (of)
CHoeme in. Come into my office.
AinfIteoruat ovreirnbtoof/ mouotveomf+epnltawcee, ues.ge.,either
ran out. He ran out of the room.
57 >)) Listen and check.
Cover the words. Where did Snowy go?
0e went down the steps...
p away, off, and back
speak to y . The man ran away when he saw
Waneouthserapwlaacyet,oee.gx.,pGreosaswmaoyv!eI dmoenn'tt wtoant to the police officer.
������rwr
e.g., After dinner our=���7l-(h�ijm��
wWeheurseesboamcektthoinegxopressosmmeobvoedmy ewnatstboetfhoerep,lace
Their dog ran awawyeawndennetvbearcckatmo e bahcokt. el.
JeSP",anJ
[TI
[z]
�
._.
[ill
.l,l . I
J�I ,JI Ill Ill
The man ran offwhen he saw the police
Waweauys, ee.ogf.,fGtoeteoxfpfretshse mbuosvaetmtehnettdroaiwnnstoartion. officer.
'"
--,< p. 84
Phrasal verbs
Match the sentences and the pictures.
The game will be over at about 5:30. I need to give up fast food.
1 Don't throw away that letter!
Turn down the music! It's very loud.
Turn up the TV! I can't hear.
He looked up the words in a dictionary. Could you fill out this form?
I want to find out about hotels in Mexico City. It's bedtime - go and put on your pajamas.
Could you take offyour boots, please?
My sister's looking after Jimmy for me today. I'm really looking forward to the holidays.
5 2l)) Listen and check.
Cover the sentences and look at the pictures.
Remember the phrasal verbs.
[I]
I I
VOCABULARY BANK
[zJ
Look at these other phrasal verbs from Files 7
1-10. Can you remember what they mean?
getup come on
go away (for the weekend)
go out (at night)
stand up sit down
turn on (the TV) turn off (the TV) try on (clothes)
give back (something you've borrowed)
take back (something to a store)
call back (later)
pay back (money you've borrowed)
write down (the words)
put away (e.g., clothes in a closet)
pick up (something on the floor)
look for (something you've lost)
get on/ off(a bus)
---(p.87
get along with (a person)
f) TThyepeve1r=b naondobthjeecptarticle (on, up, etc.) are never separated. TI gyepteu2p=a+t 7o:b3j0e. ct
Type 3 = + objecOtR Turn on the TV
TThuernvtehreb TaVndonth. e particle (on, up, etc.) can be separated.
NOT l=ee1k-y0ttr- keys- fe1t:
LToheokvfeorrbyaonudr tkheeysp.article (on, up, etc.) are never separated.
Ell
Irregular verbs
Present learn /1-Jrn/ leave /liv/ lend /1£nd/ let /let/ lose /luz/ make /mc,k/ meet /mit/ | Simple past learned /1;:irnd/ left /ldt/ lent /lent/ let lost /bst/ made /mc1d/ met /met/ | Past participle learned left lent let lost made met |
pay /per/ put /pot/ | paid /pe1d/ put | paid put |
read /rid/ ring /riu/ run /rAnl | read /red/ rang /rreu/ ran /rren/ | read Ired/ rung lrAIJI run |
say /se1/ see /si/ sell /sci/ send /send/ shut /JAt/ sing /s1u/ sit /sit/ sleep /slip/ speak /spik/ spend /spend/ stand /strend/ steal /stii/ swim /swim/ | said /sed/ saw Is:;/ sold /sould/ sent /sent/ shut sang /sreu/ sat /sret/ slept /slept/ spoke /spook/ spent /spent/ stood /stud/ stole /stool/ swam /swrem/ | said seen /sin/ sold sent shut sung ISAIJI sat slept spoken /'spoubn/ spent stood stolen /'stoukm/ swum /swAm/ |
take /tc1k/ teach /titJ/ tell /tel/ think /0rJJk/ throw /0rou/ | took /tuk/ taught /t:;t/ told /tould/ thought /0:;t/ threw /0ru/ | taken /'tc1k�n/ taught told thought thrown /0roun/ |
/uAnndde-Jrrs'sttreanndd/ | IuAnndde'Jrr'ssttuodo/d | understood |
wake /wc,k/ wear /wer/ win /wm/ write /ra1t/ | woke /wouk/ wore /w:;r/ won /wAn/ wrote /rout/ | woken /'wouk�n/ worn /w::,rn/ won written /'ntn/ |
5 29>))
Present be /bi/ become /br'kAml begin /b1'gm/ break /bre1k/ bring /bnu/ build /bild/ buy /bail | Simple past wesre/w/w;J-Jzr// became /b1'ke1m/ began /b1'gren/ broke /brook/ brought /br::,t/ built /bilt/ bought /b::,t/ | Past participle been /bm/ become begun /b11gAn/ broken /'brouk:m/ brought built -bought |
can /ka::n/ catch /kretJ/ choose /t.fuz/ come /kAm/ cost /bst/ cut lkAtl | could /kud/ caught /bt/ chose /tJooz/ came /kc1m/ cost cut | caught chosen /'lJoozn/ come cost cut |
do /du/ drink /dnuk/ drive /dra1v/ | did /did/ drank /drreuk/ drove /drouv/ | done /dAn/ drunk /clrAIJk/ driven /'dnvn/ |
eat /it/ | ate /e1t/ | eaten /'itn/ |
fall /bl/ feel /fill find /famd/ fly /fla,/ forget /f;:ir'gct/ | fell /fol/ felt /fdt/ found /faond/ flew /flu/ forgot /for got/ | fallen /'bbn/ felt found flown /floun/ forgotten /for'gotn/ |
get /get/ give /grv/ go /goo/ grow /groo/ | got /got/ gave /ge1v/ went /wrnt/ grew /gru/ | gotten /'gotn/ given /'grvn/ gone /gan/ grown /groun/ |
have /hc:ev/ hear /h,r/ hit /hit/ | had /hred/ heard /h;:ird/ hit | had heard hit |
keep /kip/ know /nou/ | kept /kept/ knew /nu/ | kept known /noun/ |
164 Irregular verbs C•tiiit,iflAM3Wli
Appendix
hIISa'hhvveaev'egseogngto'tatogbatorbtoeatahnuyetripfaeuntldsh.towuoses.isters.
I'vegot a bike. =cIahr?ave a bike.
IS'hvee'gsot two sisters. He'sgot a cold.
hpaovsesefJgsOsotitoislnonnuoBste,ubhsraeoddw.innhtahier.past. For past
YposusecsasniounseinhathveeBporteisnesntte.ad ofhave for
3 44l))
Haeavshetahtsheneh'tyoggtoeotltmgaonatynaycshfwirliidemrnemdnsi?.nNg op,otohle?yYheasv, eitnh'ta. s.
HWanaedvaseliyscokonuuesgesoshetasav, eanBdOtt=tooDdteaoslkcyroaibbueohupatevfaoepmaleic.layr?
DcinoimcdoymnovouenrhsthaatavineonI'vine Bthoet /UHSa. veyou Bot... ?
full form contraction negative I have got I've got I haven't got | |
You have got You've got He / She / It has got He / She / It's got We have got We've got You have got You've got | You haven't got |
He / She / It hasn't got We haven't got | |
You haven't got | |
They have got T hey've got They haven't got | |
I a pet cat wahpeent?I was a child.
had
a car.
?
I have ... / Doyou have ... is more
Have I got |
Have you got |
Has he / he / it got Have we got |
Have you got |
Have they got a Write [±], [:], and |
rn 0
a car? Yes,
I have. you have.
he / she / it has. we have.
you have. they have.
0
No,
I haven't. you haven't.
he / she / it hasn't. we haven't.
you haven't. they haven't.
sentences with the correct form of b Complete the sentences with the right form of have got.
h21 avytsehoeguyo///tab.bnigiygabhproaourtthsmeeres[±]n[:]t
They've Bot a biB house.
21 TI hhoepyeloitvdeoyaeonsuinmr'tparhlasoi. nTe-heIy_'ve[30t t_awgomodyoodugmcsabamnredelrlfaiv?teodcayts..
43 wyoeu/rasilostteorf/wa osmrkatrotdp[1]ahyon[:]e
43 ISorry kids, aI new iPad. eDnouygohu wmaoneytotosebeuiyt ?candy.
56 IR/oagreeraalnlydgVoaold/ taebaecahuetrif[±]ul y[1]ard [±]
65 mJIacnyaenp'ht ocnalel.him5n0owpa-irIs ofshoes -acnaynsyeorvuibce lfioerve it?
789 Mtwheeyy/ba/rotmhteheeestraimn/ gaetjocoobdlaoryirgehytenso[±]w [:]
789 _MOnaerima'so_sreoyqlouuucek_syti-onsh, Me _r.yJonreks.eybse?aIuctaifnu'tly,fiocnuurld ymhinaier.. _
10 he / many friends at w[1]ork [:]
10 _Waneymexipghe_rtiahenaGvcPeS?prinoboluemr csagr.etting there because we
� p.59
Appendix 165
Vowel sounds
- usual spelling | ! but also | ||
ea | ftseaelchtemetehan he we | pkeyopnleiecmeachine taxi receive | |
1 | hthiisntorlyip skiss if since | Ebunsgylidsheciwdeomen gym build | |
erer ear | hchereerswee'nregineer near fear | serious | |
a | bhacnkd chaattch carry match | ||
e | svmeeelll lesenndd r y red | fsrwieenadtelry ahneyad said says | |
air are | afsairirpohrat irstairs l quare carefu | twheeair tbheearre where | |
0 a | tsopcksroccokllege hot box | qyaucahlitty | |
awugh awwaflukl tadlrkauwghter caught da | abboruogahdt Athuoguugshtt | ||
oroer mboorriengscwoorern door floor | four | ||
00 ew | rsuchdoeoluschoose new knew | dshooesuliot sejuice through | |
I | u00 | pfl ouollt pbtuosohk ook ook | |
cp
i
tree
fish
tourist
[I]
up
SOUND BANK
usual spelling | ! but also |
EAuvreorpyeunfuusruioaul ssousunrde. | plural |
u fsunny rmuunst lucky cut | csomeondeoeesnough young touch |
I
Musuanayllydiufnfesrternestssepde.llings,
ear
cat
egg
j
�
chair
father
clock
c:D
saw
horse
u*
boot
ij
bull
* especially before consonant + e
womladn should
computer
�
bird
owl
�
phone
��
car
train
boy
bike
vowels
ner o s arrive polite agree su�
terrvibule problem eiurr pdnierrtsyonsthuvierrt b err/orpauirnsteer wrrniter (unstressed) inventor | weaorrnldwworokr se picture | |
OU ow | mshoouutth abrolouunsde crowded down | |
o* oa | wopoenn't hsoope coat goal | asnltohwougthrow shoulder |
ar | fsacrarfardmasrk | heart |
ayi | bafarcaeiynwfaaikle gwraay pay | gbreatk esitgehatk they |
oi oy | bc oinlinngoisy toy enjoy | |
i* ile bite yigh mshiyghwt hsyights | hbueiyghetyes | |
0 vowels followed by /r/ 0 diphthongs
usual sppcoeorplolpimyonsgiisftelipap-pfolpsoespaibsralence | ! but also | |
p pp | bprareboltbbiabtbolrydoybjbobed cab | |
b bb | csckahmierctpkmokuignt dapcirckss | scchheomoilstsrtyomacaccohunt |
ck | gfforogorggweyt glbeoegaggt iings | guest spaghetti |
g gg f | foilfnefpdhdaaifnffrteariendneptshaefew | enough laugh |
ph | vloovivdeeroirnivviesnritt | of |
V | tsbrteaytrttetrellalstietting | walked dressed |
t tt d | dhadiaddrdredsetsoalddmiddle | loved tired |
dd | smpcztloainspcses imcfaierssctsleeargee be t oclaetzyecyfcrle | pscsiyecnhcoeloagnyswer |
s ci/ce C z | r(eoeaosforn ylo, si,ey)ezing has toes | |
s | swsphaautsitheinasfihonineisfhormation upal)leco l md usician | mmsuoagcuahsrtinasceuhree |
sh Acisn+iaaunduescisiosnuncon. fusion usu i (+ vowe | ally garage | |
Consonant sounds
[!] [I]
�
L_;J
1
r;;7
�
[I] [!]
lifl
lJ;J
snake
[i]
sJ);hower
television
I
usual sphmeelalatilhnthgybosrtohouwth th hing th | ! but also 7 |
nthleoaittthhewsritsthhuenbathe | |
th ch bchaetaicchkhenmacthcihld picture future | question |
tch jJaucnkeetenjujosyt dge bridge judge t (+ure) | geirnaefrfoeusagteenager |
1 lpitlatlne ilnescsredible j willl silley | I |
II rpwbeoraar'rcrlytoiwcheremsttrayrried e e re | written wrong |
r re wheobyrrsiiwetedhitwcwhiinnws hale rr | qonuestoionnce |
w ybefore yueosetufnuygel auyrongifaorm wh | |
m rseummuemnmteabriensrwmeimmodmaeiilrnng u | colmumb n |
mm nfueonendneynadencyinknlaecre | know knock |
n nn abnlroignrgy tgrhoiniinngg | think thank |
ng hahhaireeadhhaetpelpefrhulaps | wwhholewhose |
h |
chess
[I] QJ [!]
witch
nose
smger
SOUND BANK
Q voiced Q unvoiced
Online Practice Ell
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